2. Origin & Development of
Presented by,
S.ARUN JOSEPH.
M.L.I.Sc 4th semester.
No : 1
D.L.I.S.
University of Kerala.

3. The book is :
 portable
 it has random access to its contents
 the book can also be a multimedia object - it may
contain not only text, but also graphics, drawings and
photo reproductions
 it is also conveniently accessible - once you have the
book, you need no other artefact in order to read it

4.  Electronic publishing (e-Publishing or
digital publishing) includes the digital
publication of e-books, EPUBs, Digital
Magazines and the development of
digital libraries and catalogues
 Electronic publishing has become
common in scientific publishing
 Distribution via the Internet (Online
publishing or web publishing) is nowadays
strongly associated with electronic
publishing

5.  The term has a history of being used
to describe the development of new
forms of production, distribution,
and user interaction in regard
to computer-based
production of text and other
interactive media

6. • GENERAL - Use of electronic (digital)
equipment to create and reproduce text
and graphic images of all kinds and
combinations.
SPECIFIC - Use of digital media (non-
print) as the final communication format.
Eg: CD-ROM documents, Acrobat documents, Web
pages, Online publications etc.

7. o e-publishing is the blanket term for a range
of publishing processes by electronic
means. Earlier initiatives have included
CD-ROM and optical discs, but the current
area of activity is the publication and
dissemination of information via internet.
Although take-up was initially slow,
new formats are now regularly appearing and sales
are rising sharply. The (US) open e-Book Forum is
a trade and standards body that monitors growth

8.  The process of creating and disseminating
information via electronic means including
email and via the Web is electronic
publishing. Electronically published
materials may originate as traditional paper
publishing or may be created specifically for
electronic publishing.
 (Communication Arts / Journalism & Publishing)
the publication of information on magnetic tape,
disks, etc., so that it can be accessed by a
computer

9.  The aims of those publishing electronically may be very
much the same as those publishing in book form
 E-publishing has very specific non-book
characteristics that distinguishes it from print
publication
 electronic publications can be produced and
disseminated very rapidly - the book takes much longer
to produce and distribute
 if correction is necessary, an electronic text can be
updated or corrected with the same immediacy, while a
book must either go through a second edition, or, if the
error is caught in time, have an erratum slip inserted

10.  electronic publication can be made collaborative and
interactive, involving either several "authors" or authors
and readers
 electronic publications can be disseminated world-
wide without the need for separate rights negotiations for
different countries and without the costs of distribution or
reprinting
 through effective, electronic interaction with the buyer or
user of an electronic publication, the producer can collect
valuable market-research data very cheaply

11.  e-publishing still reaches only a minority of potential users or
customers - even though this minority may constitute most of
the market for some products and much of the majority is in the
developing world, where usage is likely to be slow to emerge;
 e-publishing demands access to relatively advanced technology
on the part of both the producer and the consumer of
information or entertainment
 mobile computers, notebooks, tablets are inadequate, for
use across the full range of environments in which a book
can be read;
 the technology consumes a greater amount of energy in its
use than the book ???

12.  Rapid publication since electronic referring
can speed up the process and publication can
be immediately followed by acceptance.
 Large collections can be searched and
retrieved simultaneously and instantly.
 Multimedia capabilities can be incorporated.
 Publishers, research groups and authors can
be easily contacted via electronic mail links.

13. • (For readers) Easier and greater
access, quick delivery, enormous
navigational freedom, among linked
documents.
• (For libraries) Reduced paper
processing; shelving; reshelving; binding;
storing; risk of damage and loss.
• (For publishers) Enlarged audience,
simplified editorial tasks

14. Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats
More control over final
material
Hard to read Greater chance of being
published
Ability to add multimedia
to a publication
Piracy
Better for the environment Electronic readers are
expensive
Books-on-demand will
make every publication
readily available in
printed form
Copyright
infringement
Higher royalties Amateur material is so
abundant, it is difficult
to get noticed
Easy, less expensive
distribution
Few sales in a
saturated market
Shorter publication times Consumers reluctant
to read from their
computer screen
Subsidy e-publishing
allows authors the chance
to be published for a fee
Global availability

15.  China is generally credited for
the first portable type and the
first paper

17.  The foundation of the universities in Europe in the
12th and 13th centuries led to Gutenberg's efforts to
find ways of creating more reliable texts that could be
achieved by copying manuscripts.
 The rise of secularism, following the Protestant
Reformation
 the subsequent use of vernacular languages for
worship
 the wider publication of the Greek classics, and

18.  the publication of accounts of the great discoveries
of the 16th century.
 Developments of the paperback book, book clubs,
circulating libraries and the public library → the
book has become a mass-audience, cultural artifact,
rather than one restricted to a religious elite.
 ARPANET, the forerunner of the Internet was
created in 1969 by researchers at the University of
California Los Angeles, University of California
Santa Barbara, Stanford Research Institute & the
University of Utah.

19.  Since then development has been extremely rapid.
 Even in the early days of the Internet some publishing
was taking place through e-mail mailing lists and the
circulation of working papers to limited groups of
people in various fields.
 Publication really took off following the invention of
the World Wide Web software by Tim Berners-Lee in
1991 and the invention of the Mosaic Web-browser in
1993.
 In 1993 the impact of these developments was
immediate

20.  traffic on the Internet expanded at an annual growth rate of
341,63%.
 Only a small proportion of web sites are used for anything
comparable with book publishing.
 Web sites are devoted to:
 personal pages
 business pages
 organisation pages
 news pages
 Electronic journals are growing in number very rapidly -
the established print publishers begin to transfer their
journals to the Internet.

21.  Term introduced by William Dijkhuis in 1977
 The very first e publication came in 1980s in the form of
plain text emails. They were sent to the subscriber via a
mailing list.
 1985 - 1995 referred to as a period of digital revolution.
i.e.. a shift from analog to digital treatment of
information.
o CD ROMS
o PDF
o ELECTRONIC JOURNALS
 1st e- journal ELECTRONIC LETTERS ONLINE by IEE(1994
95) distributed via OCLC.

24.  The possibility of rapid publication, rapid up-
dating, and the economics of electronic
distribution.
 The case of abstracting and indexing services is an
interesting example of how early e-publication
through the on-line databases has led to that form
of access, rather than the printed version, being the
primary form of access.

25.  Now that on-line services are moving
to Web-based access, direct end-user
searching may increase, and some,
publicly-funded databases may
become freely available .
 Scholarly journals are increasingly
moving to e-publication.

26.  Most forms of book will survive - many
potential users do not have access to
electronic forms of publication.
 Many people do not use a computer in
the course of their
daily work

27.  The book form may remain the way to do it for
many years, since the problems of preserving paper
are well understood and can be dealt with.
 The problems of preserving digital forms can only
be guessed at, and the possibility of unreadability
of data because of changes in technology is real.
 Many books are art objects.

28.  The market will ultimately determine what goes into
electronic publication and what stays in print.
 The aspects of portability, usability and aesthetics
will determine how long books survive.
 Things will be as they are, only more so: there will
be growth or decline.

29.  Digital paper and digital clothing will allow writing
on almost any surface
 Xerox has created the first digital printing format
which stores large amounts of data in small
characters called data glyphs
 A convergence of media will enhance digital
publishing

30. o Drake, Miriam.(2003).Encyclopedia of Library and Information
Science(2nd ed.).New York : Marce Dekker.Inc,1011-1015
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http://www.thefreedictionary.com/electronic+publishing
o Kist,Joost.(1989).Electronic Publishing : looking for a blueprint.
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o Pythrch , Ray.(2005) . Harrod’s Librarian’s Glossary(10th ed.).
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