Electronic music originated in the late 19th century with the development of recording technologies like the phonautograph. In the early 20th century, inventions like the triode audion tube and telephone oscillator allowed for the creation and amplification of electronic audio signals. In the 1950s, major developments included Stockhausen's composition of the first published electronic piece in 1954 and the creation of electronic music studios. Live electronics performances emerged in the 1960s pioneered by groups in the US and Europe. Tomorrowland is a major electronic music festival held annually in Belgium since 2005, and some of its most prominent exponents include Armin Van Buuren, David Guetta, Tiësto, and Deadmau5.