Soul music originated in the 1950s and 1960s in the United States, combining elements of gospel, rhythm and blues, and jazz. It became popular for dancing and relaxation. Soul music varied stylistically across regions, such as Motown's rhythmic Detroit sound and Southern soul's energetic gospel-influenced style. Key artists like Ray Charles, James Brown, and Jackie Wilson helped develop soul music in different ways. Soul came to influence both rock music and the music of the civil rights movement.

1. Matthew Shellaker

2.  Originated in US in 1950’s and early 60’s
 Combined elements of African American
gospel music, rhythm and blues and jazz
 Became popular for dancing and relaxing
 Influential in the Civil Rights era
 Soul directly influenced rock and music of
Africa

3.  Detroit (Motown)- it’s rhythmic, influenced by
gospel, deep soul
 Southern- Driving and energetic, combing
with gospel and R&B
 Memphis- a shimmering sultry style
 New Orleans- came directly from R&B
 Chicago- lighter and more influenced by
Gospel
 Philly- more of an orchestral sound with
more doo-woop inspired vocals
 Psychedelic- a blend of rock and soul

4.  Catchy rhythms, stressed handclaps, dancing,
call and response and a tense vocal sound
and occasionally improvised vocals.
 Soul varies from funk, to non politically
correct to politically correct, or slicker and
more sophisticated.

5.  Soul music started in the 50’s, it was the result in
the urbanisation of R&B and gospel music
 The name Soul came from the reference to its
ancestor Gospel music, but was really a term
used for Afro-American pop music
 Ray Charles is often said to have innovated soul
with the song “I gotta woman”
 James brown was known as the Godfather of Soul
and Little Richard “the King of rockin’ and rollin’
rhythm and blues soulin’”
 All three were the most inspirational artists at the
time developing soul in their own right

6.  Soul music dominated the African American
music charts in the 60’s and many recordings
crossed over into the pop charts.
 It became increasing popular in the UK- though it
was more Detroit music as people could dance to
it, acts such as Stevie wonder and Marvin Gaye
were increasing popular.
 1968 is where soul began to split, acts like James
brown went down the funky route, whereas acts
like Stevie wonder and Marvin Gaye where more
sophisticated.
 Though it evolved it never went away.

7.  The 70’s was a very split point for soul,
Aretha franklin and Otis Redding stayed very
true to soul, where as Stevie wonder, Michael
Jackson and Marvin Gaye turned to the pop
soul route. Though this was not a bad idea as
70’s-80’s was very disco orientated.
 After the storm of disco, soul had to adapted
and became more electro, it was less raw and
more slickly.

8.  Motown- Acts where: Supremes,
Temptations, Jackson 5, Stevie wonder and
Marvin Gaye
 Atlantic and Stax- Otis Redding, Wilson
Pickett

9.  In America at the time of the birth of Soul
there were many problems for example the
rights for coloured people (civil rights
movement), Soul music was the link between
white and black people both sides listened to
Soul. The music was inspired coloured people
to try and get their rights with also white
people joining their side.

10.  Known for playing more funk soul
 Also known for his dance moves and dress
code
 He was known badly for being very harsh to
band members, but only to make sure they
keep the music very tight and the best it
could be.
 Key songs- ‘please please please’ and ‘I’ll go
crazy’

11.  Known for being the ‘founder of soul’, when
he was in church he would play up beat tunes
to the hymns of the gospel music
 Also known for being blind
 Famous songs- ‘On my mind’ and ‘hit the
road jack’

12.  Jackie Wilson was known for his acrobatic
vocals
 Known to the ladies for his good looks and
modelling Soul music
 Unlike Charles and Brown, Wilson was very
urban and brought an edgy tone to the Soul
 Key song- Reet petite