In chance music, also known as aleatoric or indeterminate music, elements of the musical composition or performance are left to chance. John Cage was an influential composer of chance music, including his piece Imaginary Landscape No. 4 which featured 12 radios playing simultaneously on different stations. Chance music gives performers freedom in areas like selecting which musical passages to play, determining start and stop times, or choosing pitches and rhythms, resulting in each performance having unique variations.
This is a powerpoint presentation that discusses about the topic or lesson about Chance Music. It also discusses the characteristics of Chance Music and the famous composers of that period.
This is a powerpoint presentation that discusses about the topic or lesson about Chance Music. It also discusses the characteristics of Chance Music and the famous composers of that period.
The avant garde style was associated with electronic music and dealt with the parameters
or dimensions of sound in space. It made use of variations of self-contained note groups
to change musical continuity, and improvisation, with an absence of traditional rules on
harmony, melody, and rhythm.
The avant garde style was associated with electronic music and dealt with the parameters
or dimensions of sound in space. It made use of variations of self-contained note groups
to change musical continuity, and improvisation, with an absence of traditional rules on
harmony, melody, and rhythm.
Beyond Question Stems: Critical Thinking in the 21st Century ClassroomJennifer Jones
I developed and delivered this presentation for South Mebane Elementary School in Alamance County. The focus was higher order thinking and critical thinking skills in reading, writing, listening and speaking. Language, Comprehension and Vocabulary standards were highlighted from the Common Core with a special emphasis on the 3 shifts of the Common Core for ELA.
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http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
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Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
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Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
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Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
1. CHANCE MUSIC
In chance music, the composer leaves a lot up to the performer. For example a
composer might give each player in the band four different sheets of music. On the
director's signal each player in the band could play any one of the four sheets of music,
starting and stopping whenever he or she wished. Chance music is interesting because
each performance is different.
One important composer of chance music was John Cage. His Imaginary Landscape
No.4, consists of 12 radios all playing at the same time, but all tuned to different
stations.
An improvisatory style developed by John Cage. A composer chooses a series of notes
or rhythms to include, allowing players to create a piece from general guidelines.
Aleatoric/Chance music is music in which either composition or method of performance
is determined by elements of chance or unpredictability. Music composed by the
random selection of pitches and rhythms. Frequently found in some professional opera
choruses.
The origins of Aleatoric/Chance music:
Originates from the Latin word "alea" which mean "dice".
Aleatoric/Chance music describes music where an element of the composition is left
to chance.
Can also be when some primary element of a composed work's realization is left to
the determination of its performer(s).
The term is most often associated with procedures in which the chance element
involves a relatively limited number of possibilities.
In aleatory music, aspects such as the ordering of a piece's sections, its rhythms,
and even its pitches are decided at the moment of performance.
When not purely improvising, players follow lists of arbitrary rules or interpreted
"graphic" notation that merely suggest the sounds.
Charles Ives and Henry Cowell had used such techniques, but John Cage became the
principal figure in aleatory; other aleatory composers include Earle Brown (1926 –
2002), Morton Feldman (1926 – 87), and Pierre Boulez.
John Cage is the 20th century conceptual artist who famously "composed" the piano
piece titled 4' 33" (1952), which consists of the pianist(s) sitting at a piano and not
playing for exactly four minutes and 33 seconds. He continued to experiment and
push the boundaries music, and embarked on a career of what he called "an
exploration of non-intention." Cage used found objects and ambient sound,
experimented with magnetic tape editing and splicing and used a variety of
2. composing methods to create compositions that were usually performed live instead
of recorded.He became known outside the art world in the 1960s as an influence on
pop art and rock music, and continued to lecture and compose until his death in
1992. Some consider Cage little more than a charlatan, but his idea that "everything
we do is music" has undoubtedly influenced modern composers. Some of his other
works include Imaginary Landscape #3 (1942), Variations I and II (1958) and Thirty
Pieces for Five Orchestras (1981).
The features of Aleatoric/Chance music:
The term Aleatoric/Chance Music is simply used to describe works that gives the performer a certain
amount of freedom with regard to the sequencing and repetition of particular parts throughout a piece of
music. One feature of Chance Music is;
Musical Dice Games!
This was an early genre of composition during the 18th and 19th Century. It consisted of musical
measurements. To define exactly how Chance Music evolved a simple game was created in the early
18th Century. This game was entitled Mozart's Musikalisches Würfelspiel. The idea behind this game was
that Mozart wrote the measures and instructions for a musical composition. The rule being to cut and
paste pre-written measures of music together to create a Minuet. Therefore once the piece was played
through it sounded muddled up! which created the 'Random' effect of the pieces. The following link is to
see exactly how Mozart's Dice Game works.
3. Composers & Examples:
The French composer Pierre Boulez was largely popular for popularizing the term,using it to
describe works that give the performer certain liberties with regard to the sequencing and repetition of
parts.
Another French composer, Pierre Schaeffer developed the term' jeu' (French for play) in reference
to a technique of allowing random sounds to enter into a musical composition.
Karlheinz Stockhausen composed Klavierstuck XI(1956), which features 19 elements to be
performed in changing sequences.
Alfred Schnittke composed First Symphony[5] which uses aleatoric techniques only one of a
number of approaches to the 'chaos' of 20th century life.
Roman Haubenstock-Ramati composed a series of influential "mobiles" such as Interpolation
(1958).
Andrew Ackers harp solo is the final section of ten sections in a three movement contemporary
classical (aleatoric) suite.