various types of electrical services in building'terminology related to electric circuit
direct and indirect current
conventional symbols
electricity distribution diagram
In 1895 the Westinghouse Company completed the construction of the Niagara Falls
power station with a capacity of roughly 7.5 megawatts, produced from hydro turbines,
using patents and designs by Nikola Tesla. The following year General Electric, who had
been awarded the contract for the transmission and distribution lines, completed the
transmission system necessary to carry the power to the nearby city of Buffalo. This
polyphase ac system was perhaps the greatest of its time and one of the first true power
systems in the world. Today the North American power system spans the countries of the
United States, Canada and Mexico. This system incorporates tens of thousands of
transmission lines, generating stations, transformers, complex power electronic
transmission equipment, and a myriad of automatic control and protection systems which
keep this vastly complex system operating twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week,
year after year.
Direct current (DC) is an unidirectional electric current that flows in a constant direction, distinguishing it from alternating current (AC). DC is produced by sources like batteries and solar cells. It can flow through conductors like wires as well as semiconductors and vacuums. While early electric power transmission used DC, AC distribution is now dominant due to advantages in transforming and transmitting power over long distances. However, DC is still used for applications requiring direct current flow, like battery charging and most electronic systems.
This document provides an introduction to electric power systems. It discusses the key components of power systems including generators, transformers, substations, and loads. It also outlines the different voltage levels used in transmission and distribution networks. Specifically, it notes that transmission occurs at voltages such as 765kV, 400kV, and 220kV, while distribution occurs at lower voltages like 11kV, 415V, and 230V for households. The document aims to give students an overview of the structure and components that make up electric power systems.
Transmission and Distribution of Electric Power systemRaysul Tohin
The document presents information about electric power transmission and distribution systems. It discusses the stages of a power system including generation, transmission, and distribution of electric power. It also describes the different types of transmission lines including primary and secondary transmission lines. Finally, it provides details about distribution systems including feeders, distributors, and service mains.
Electric power systems are designed to distribute power safely and reliably while preventing short circuits. Short circuits occur when a abnormal connection allows current to flow along an unintended path, potentially causing equipment damage, fires, or injury. They produce a very high current that generates a large amount of heat quickly. To protect systems, circuit breakers and fuses are used to interrupt the current in the event of a short circuit.
This document provides an overview of basic circuit theory concepts. It defines key electrical terms like charge, current, voltage, power, and energy. It describes different circuit elements including resistors, capacitors, and inductors. It introduces important circuit analysis laws and theorems like Ohm's law, Kirchhoff's laws, and Thevenin's and Norton's theorems. The document uses diagrams and equations to illustrate electrical concepts and is intended to provide foundational knowledge of circuit theory.
Iaetsd placement of super conducting fault current limiters to mitigateIaetsd Iaetsd
This document discusses the use of superconducting fault current limiters (SFCLs) to mitigate fault currents in smart grids with different types of distributed generation sources like wind farms, solar panels, and diesel generators. The author models an SFCL and a smart grid system in MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation results show that locating an SFCL at the point where distributed generation connects to the grid (Location 3) provides the best performance, reducing fault currents from all distributed generation sources by 68-84% while also limiting fault current from the main grid. In contrast, placing SFCLs upstream in the distribution system can unexpectedly increase fault currents from some distributed generators.
Electrification of railway, problems and types of solutionRITESH WANJARI
This document discusses power quality issues in railway electrification systems. It outlines several key power quality problems for railway networks including system imbalance caused by single-phase loads, harmonics from AC/DC converters, reactive power from PWM converters, voltage problems from imbalances, and arcing at pantograph/catenary interfaces. It also discusses impacts on signaling, communications, and upstream networks. The document then categorizes various methods for improving power quality based on configuration, power source, equipment used, and compensation theories. These include symmetric three-phase loads, delta-wye transformers, passive and active filters, and compensation of non-active currents.
In 1895 the Westinghouse Company completed the construction of the Niagara Falls
power station with a capacity of roughly 7.5 megawatts, produced from hydro turbines,
using patents and designs by Nikola Tesla. The following year General Electric, who had
been awarded the contract for the transmission and distribution lines, completed the
transmission system necessary to carry the power to the nearby city of Buffalo. This
polyphase ac system was perhaps the greatest of its time and one of the first true power
systems in the world. Today the North American power system spans the countries of the
United States, Canada and Mexico. This system incorporates tens of thousands of
transmission lines, generating stations, transformers, complex power electronic
transmission equipment, and a myriad of automatic control and protection systems which
keep this vastly complex system operating twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week,
year after year.
Direct current (DC) is an unidirectional electric current that flows in a constant direction, distinguishing it from alternating current (AC). DC is produced by sources like batteries and solar cells. It can flow through conductors like wires as well as semiconductors and vacuums. While early electric power transmission used DC, AC distribution is now dominant due to advantages in transforming and transmitting power over long distances. However, DC is still used for applications requiring direct current flow, like battery charging and most electronic systems.
This document provides an introduction to electric power systems. It discusses the key components of power systems including generators, transformers, substations, and loads. It also outlines the different voltage levels used in transmission and distribution networks. Specifically, it notes that transmission occurs at voltages such as 765kV, 400kV, and 220kV, while distribution occurs at lower voltages like 11kV, 415V, and 230V for households. The document aims to give students an overview of the structure and components that make up electric power systems.
Transmission and Distribution of Electric Power systemRaysul Tohin
The document presents information about electric power transmission and distribution systems. It discusses the stages of a power system including generation, transmission, and distribution of electric power. It also describes the different types of transmission lines including primary and secondary transmission lines. Finally, it provides details about distribution systems including feeders, distributors, and service mains.
Electric power systems are designed to distribute power safely and reliably while preventing short circuits. Short circuits occur when a abnormal connection allows current to flow along an unintended path, potentially causing equipment damage, fires, or injury. They produce a very high current that generates a large amount of heat quickly. To protect systems, circuit breakers and fuses are used to interrupt the current in the event of a short circuit.
This document provides an overview of basic circuit theory concepts. It defines key electrical terms like charge, current, voltage, power, and energy. It describes different circuit elements including resistors, capacitors, and inductors. It introduces important circuit analysis laws and theorems like Ohm's law, Kirchhoff's laws, and Thevenin's and Norton's theorems. The document uses diagrams and equations to illustrate electrical concepts and is intended to provide foundational knowledge of circuit theory.
Iaetsd placement of super conducting fault current limiters to mitigateIaetsd Iaetsd
This document discusses the use of superconducting fault current limiters (SFCLs) to mitigate fault currents in smart grids with different types of distributed generation sources like wind farms, solar panels, and diesel generators. The author models an SFCL and a smart grid system in MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation results show that locating an SFCL at the point where distributed generation connects to the grid (Location 3) provides the best performance, reducing fault currents from all distributed generation sources by 68-84% while also limiting fault current from the main grid. In contrast, placing SFCLs upstream in the distribution system can unexpectedly increase fault currents from some distributed generators.
Electrification of railway, problems and types of solutionRITESH WANJARI
This document discusses power quality issues in railway electrification systems. It outlines several key power quality problems for railway networks including system imbalance caused by single-phase loads, harmonics from AC/DC converters, reactive power from PWM converters, voltage problems from imbalances, and arcing at pantograph/catenary interfaces. It also discusses impacts on signaling, communications, and upstream networks. The document then categorizes various methods for improving power quality based on configuration, power source, equipment used, and compensation theories. These include symmetric three-phase loads, delta-wye transformers, passive and active filters, and compensation of non-active currents.
Lecture 1 Introduction of Power Electronicsaadesharya
This document provides information about a power electronics course taught at the College of Engineering Roorkee. It introduces the course objectives which are to acquaint students with fundamental power electronics concepts and their applications. The course outcomes are then listed, which include relating semiconductor physics to power devices, describing power device operation, designing and analyzing power converter circuits, and identifying solutions for applications. Finally, the syllabus outlines the 5 units that will be covered in the course, including power semiconductor devices, DC-DC converters, phase controlled converters, AC voltage controllers, and inverters.
A DC machine is an electromechanical energy alteration device. The working principle of a DC machine is when electric current flows through a coil within a magnetic field, and then the magnetic force generates a torque that rotates the dc motor.
This document summarizes a Power Electronics course offered to Electronics Technology majors. The course (code 261ELC) studies solid state devices used in power electronics and their application in converters, choppers, AC voltage regulators, inverters, and motor control. It has prerequisites of 166ELC and 161ELC. The course objectives are to describe the basic conditions for firing and commutating power electronic devices to use them in controlled rectifier, DC and AC chopper, inverter circuits and motor control applications. It meets for 3 lecture hours, 2 practical hours over 13 weeks for a total of 4 credit hours.
The document discusses the key elements of a power system, including generation, transmission, distribution, and load. It describes the different types of power generation such as fossil, hydro, and nuclear. It then explains the transmission system, how power is transmitted through overhead lines or underground cables. Finally, it discusses power distribution to load through lower voltage networks.
The electric power system consists of generation, transmission, and distribution with the goal of supplying electric power to various loads. Generation facilities convert energy sources like coal, gas, and hydro into electrical energy. Transmission systems move power over long distances at high voltages via overhead lines or underground cables. Distribution systems then deliver power to customers through lower voltage infrastructure. The system aims to reliably meet the varying power demands of residential, commercial, and industrial consumers.
This document summarizes the design of a wireless battery charger that uses radio frequency (RF) signals to charge AAA batteries. The charger has three main parts: a transmitter that generates RF signals at 900MHz, a receiving antenna, and a charging circuit. The charging circuit includes a full-wave rectifier that converts the received RF signals to direct current (DC) to charge the battery. The design is divided into transmitter specifications, antenna selection, receiver design, and the charging circuit. Limitations including power loss and efficiency are discussed along with potential improvements such as using higher gain antennas or additional rectifiers.
In early days, there was a little demand for electrical energy so that small power stations were built to supply lighting and heating loads. However, the widespread use of electrical energy by modern civilisation has necessitated to produce bulk electrical energy economically and efficiently.
The increased demand of electrical energy can be met by building big power stations at favourable places where fuel (coal or gas) or water energy is available in abundance.
This document provides an overview of a student's end-semester project presentation on high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission. The presentation covers the history, working principles, components, advantages, disadvantages, applications, and future prospects of HVDC transmission. It was presented by Santosh Kumar Yadav to the Department of Electrical Engineering at Gautam Buddha University in India under the guidance of Dr. Shabana Urooj.
The document discusses the topics of power transmission and distribution systems. It provides an overview of the different stages of a power system: generation, transmission, and distribution. It describes how power is transmitted at high voltages through primary transmission lines to receiving stations, then through secondary transmission lines and distribution systems at lower voltages to reach customers. The document also defines some key terms related to power distribution systems, such as feeders, distributors, and service mains.
Analysis of generated harmonics due to transformer load on power system usingIAEME Publication
This document discusses the analysis of harmonics generated in a power system due to transformer loads using artificial neural networks. Transformers are a major nonlinear component in power systems and their operation can generate harmonics. These harmonics can impact transformer performance and quality of power delivered. The document introduces harmonics sources in power systems, describes how transformer nonlinearity generates harmonics, and presents an artificial neural network technique for analyzing harmonics levels from transformer loads.
Power quality-disturbances and monitoring SeminarSurabhi Vasudev
The document provides an overview of power quality monitoring and automatic power quality disturbance classification. It defines power quality and discusses increased interest in power quality. It describes various power quality disturbances like voltage fluctuations, harmonics, sags, and swells. It then discusses automatic power quality disturbance classifiers which use techniques like segmentation, feature extraction, and classification to identify different disturbance types. Neural networks and expert systems are presented as methods for automatic classification. The document emphasizes the importance of power quality monitoring and classification systems.
This document provides an overview of basic electrical concepts including electricity, current, voltage, resistance, circuits, and types of current (DC and AC). It defines key terms, describes the components and types of electric circuits, and distinguishes between direct and alternating current. The purpose is to equip students with fundamental electrical knowledge needed to diagnose and configure computer systems and networks.
The document discusses various topics related to electrical circuits and measurements. It provides definitions for Ohm's law and its limitations, describes the differences between moving coil and moving iron instruments, lists the operating forces in indicating instruments, and defines terms like RMS value and power factor. It also gives examples of circuit analysis questions and explains the construction and working of a single phase energy meter in detail over multiple paragraphs.
High Voltage Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resourc...Power System Operation
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
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Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
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Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
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Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
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Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
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Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
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Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
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Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
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Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
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Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
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Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
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Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
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Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
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Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
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Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
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Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
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Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
The project focuses on the harmonic analysis of transformer during the switching transient period. Measuring fundamental and second harmonics of differential current, an algorithm based on the Discrete Fourier Transform and an amplitude estimator are used to simulate and list various harmonic components of current and flux. Generalized functions for describing the relationships between resultant flux and harmonic components are derived. This is important to find these relations for further use in detecting non-linearity and elimination of harmonic components.
Design and Implementation of a Single Phase Earth Fault RelayIJSRED
This document describes the design and implementation of a single phase earth fault relay with an alarm system. The relay was designed using an embedded system to reduce components, keep the system simple and cost effective. It consists of current sensors on the phase and neutral lines, a microcontroller to monitor current levels, and an alarm and switch driver to isolate the system if an imbalance is detected, indicating an earth fault. The objectives are to detect earth faults, measure phase and neutral currents, and disconnect power on a fault. This type of relay provides protection for electrical equipment and humans from earth faults.
Chapter 1: Introduction to Principles of Electric and ElectronicsJeremyLauKarHei
The document provides an overview of principles of electric and electronics, including:
- Basic components of an electrical system including sources, control, loads, and transmission.
- Distinguishing between electromotive force (EMF) and potential difference.
- Defining voltage, current, and units of measurement like volts and amps.
- Describing passive circuit elements like resistors and capacitors, and active elements like batteries.
- Introducing concepts of charge, circuits, and measurement instruments.
Lecture 1 Introduction of Power Electronicsaadesharya
This document provides information about a power electronics course taught at the College of Engineering Roorkee. It introduces the course objectives which are to acquaint students with fundamental power electronics concepts and their applications. The course outcomes are then listed, which include relating semiconductor physics to power devices, describing power device operation, designing and analyzing power converter circuits, and identifying solutions for applications. Finally, the syllabus outlines the 5 units that will be covered in the course, including power semiconductor devices, DC-DC converters, phase controlled converters, AC voltage controllers, and inverters.
A DC machine is an electromechanical energy alteration device. The working principle of a DC machine is when electric current flows through a coil within a magnetic field, and then the magnetic force generates a torque that rotates the dc motor.
This document summarizes a Power Electronics course offered to Electronics Technology majors. The course (code 261ELC) studies solid state devices used in power electronics and their application in converters, choppers, AC voltage regulators, inverters, and motor control. It has prerequisites of 166ELC and 161ELC. The course objectives are to describe the basic conditions for firing and commutating power electronic devices to use them in controlled rectifier, DC and AC chopper, inverter circuits and motor control applications. It meets for 3 lecture hours, 2 practical hours over 13 weeks for a total of 4 credit hours.
The document discusses the key elements of a power system, including generation, transmission, distribution, and load. It describes the different types of power generation such as fossil, hydro, and nuclear. It then explains the transmission system, how power is transmitted through overhead lines or underground cables. Finally, it discusses power distribution to load through lower voltage networks.
The electric power system consists of generation, transmission, and distribution with the goal of supplying electric power to various loads. Generation facilities convert energy sources like coal, gas, and hydro into electrical energy. Transmission systems move power over long distances at high voltages via overhead lines or underground cables. Distribution systems then deliver power to customers through lower voltage infrastructure. The system aims to reliably meet the varying power demands of residential, commercial, and industrial consumers.
This document summarizes the design of a wireless battery charger that uses radio frequency (RF) signals to charge AAA batteries. The charger has three main parts: a transmitter that generates RF signals at 900MHz, a receiving antenna, and a charging circuit. The charging circuit includes a full-wave rectifier that converts the received RF signals to direct current (DC) to charge the battery. The design is divided into transmitter specifications, antenna selection, receiver design, and the charging circuit. Limitations including power loss and efficiency are discussed along with potential improvements such as using higher gain antennas or additional rectifiers.
In early days, there was a little demand for electrical energy so that small power stations were built to supply lighting and heating loads. However, the widespread use of electrical energy by modern civilisation has necessitated to produce bulk electrical energy economically and efficiently.
The increased demand of electrical energy can be met by building big power stations at favourable places where fuel (coal or gas) or water energy is available in abundance.
This document provides an overview of a student's end-semester project presentation on high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission. The presentation covers the history, working principles, components, advantages, disadvantages, applications, and future prospects of HVDC transmission. It was presented by Santosh Kumar Yadav to the Department of Electrical Engineering at Gautam Buddha University in India under the guidance of Dr. Shabana Urooj.
The document discusses the topics of power transmission and distribution systems. It provides an overview of the different stages of a power system: generation, transmission, and distribution. It describes how power is transmitted at high voltages through primary transmission lines to receiving stations, then through secondary transmission lines and distribution systems at lower voltages to reach customers. The document also defines some key terms related to power distribution systems, such as feeders, distributors, and service mains.
Analysis of generated harmonics due to transformer load on power system usingIAEME Publication
This document discusses the analysis of harmonics generated in a power system due to transformer loads using artificial neural networks. Transformers are a major nonlinear component in power systems and their operation can generate harmonics. These harmonics can impact transformer performance and quality of power delivered. The document introduces harmonics sources in power systems, describes how transformer nonlinearity generates harmonics, and presents an artificial neural network technique for analyzing harmonics levels from transformer loads.
Power quality-disturbances and monitoring SeminarSurabhi Vasudev
The document provides an overview of power quality monitoring and automatic power quality disturbance classification. It defines power quality and discusses increased interest in power quality. It describes various power quality disturbances like voltage fluctuations, harmonics, sags, and swells. It then discusses automatic power quality disturbance classifiers which use techniques like segmentation, feature extraction, and classification to identify different disturbance types. Neural networks and expert systems are presented as methods for automatic classification. The document emphasizes the importance of power quality monitoring and classification systems.
This document provides an overview of basic electrical concepts including electricity, current, voltage, resistance, circuits, and types of current (DC and AC). It defines key terms, describes the components and types of electric circuits, and distinguishes between direct and alternating current. The purpose is to equip students with fundamental electrical knowledge needed to diagnose and configure computer systems and networks.
The document discusses various topics related to electrical circuits and measurements. It provides definitions for Ohm's law and its limitations, describes the differences between moving coil and moving iron instruments, lists the operating forces in indicating instruments, and defines terms like RMS value and power factor. It also gives examples of circuit analysis questions and explains the construction and working of a single phase energy meter in detail over multiple paragraphs.
High Voltage Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resourc...Power System Operation
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
High Voltage
Power Electronics Technologies for Integrating Renewable Resources into the Grid
The project focuses on the harmonic analysis of transformer during the switching transient period. Measuring fundamental and second harmonics of differential current, an algorithm based on the Discrete Fourier Transform and an amplitude estimator are used to simulate and list various harmonic components of current and flux. Generalized functions for describing the relationships between resultant flux and harmonic components are derived. This is important to find these relations for further use in detecting non-linearity and elimination of harmonic components.
Design and Implementation of a Single Phase Earth Fault RelayIJSRED
This document describes the design and implementation of a single phase earth fault relay with an alarm system. The relay was designed using an embedded system to reduce components, keep the system simple and cost effective. It consists of current sensors on the phase and neutral lines, a microcontroller to monitor current levels, and an alarm and switch driver to isolate the system if an imbalance is detected, indicating an earth fault. The objectives are to detect earth faults, measure phase and neutral currents, and disconnect power on a fault. This type of relay provides protection for electrical equipment and humans from earth faults.
Chapter 1: Introduction to Principles of Electric and ElectronicsJeremyLauKarHei
The document provides an overview of principles of electric and electronics, including:
- Basic components of an electrical system including sources, control, loads, and transmission.
- Distinguishing between electromotive force (EMF) and potential difference.
- Defining voltage, current, and units of measurement like volts and amps.
- Describing passive circuit elements like resistors and capacitors, and active elements like batteries.
- Introducing concepts of charge, circuits, and measurement instruments.
This document provides an introduction to power electronics, including:
- A brief history of power electronics from the late 19th century developments in rectifiers and vacuum tubes to the modern transistor and other semiconductor devices.
- An overview of the development of different generations of power semiconductor devices from the 1950s to today, including thyristors in the 1950s-1970s, MOSFETs and other devices in the 1970s-1990s, and IGBTs from the 1990s onward.
- An explanation that power electronics now plays a major role in electrical engineering through its use in electronic converters that power many modern devices and systems.
This document outlines the contents and learning objectives of a course on basic electrical and electronics engineering. The course is intended for mechanical engineering and automobile engineering students and covers topics like electric and magnetic circuits, AC circuits, transformers, motors, electronic components, signals, diodes, and bipolar junction transistors. The course aims to help students understand and apply electrical and electronics engineering principles in industrial processes and determine things like voltage, current, and use components safely. It consists of 6 units that will briefly cover the basics of each topic.
Power electronics is an interdisciplinary field that interfaces electronics with electric power systems. It involves controlling and converting electric power using solid state devices and power semiconductor switches. Power electronics has applications in electric power generation, transmission and distribution systems, motor drives, home appliances, hybrid electric vehicles, and space technology. Emerging trends indicate power electronics will play an increasing role in energy savings and environment protection.
As the technology for the power semiconductor devices and integrated circuit develops, the potential for applications of power electronics become wider.
Lecture 1 introduction of Power Electronicsaadesharya
The document provides an introduction to the course on Power Electronics. It defines power electronics as the field that utilizes electronic power devices to convert one form of electric power to another with proper control. The document discusses the objectives of the course which is to acquaint students with fundamental power electronics concepts and switches. It also provides a block diagram of typical power electronics systems showing the power converter and controller that work together to provide controlled power to different loads.
This document provides notes on electronic devices and circuits from Lendi Institute of Engineering and Technology. It begins with definitions of key terms like electronic device, circuit, and semiconductor. It then discusses semiconductor materials like silicon, germanium, and gallium arsenide. It compares the properties of insulators, semiconductors, and conductors based on factors like conductivity, resistivity, and band structure. Examples of materials in each category are given along with diagrams. The document continues with explanations of energy levels and band structures in insulators, semiconductors, and metals. In summary, the document provides introductory concepts on electronic devices, circuits, and semiconductor physics.
IjEVOLUTION OF POWER SUPPLY AND ITS APPLICATION TO ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ...IAEME Publication
Electricity can be produced using chemical effect where the movement of ions constitutes a flow of current through the electrolyte. Electrochemical cells are used as storage cells where chemical energy can be converted into electrical energy. The most efficient and widely used method for the generation of electricity is based on the laws of Electromagnetic Induction. According to this law electromotive force is induced in a conductor whenever the conductor cuts across magnetic lines of flux. The invention of the Diode Valve in 1904 and the invention of the triode valve in 1906 and their largescale production from 1920 onwards helped to manufacture electronic products and instruments. The invention of the galena-based Cat’s whisker detector in 1906 was the milestone of manufacturing crystal radio receivers. Cuprous oxide rectifier was invented in 1926 and was used for the rectification of power supply frequencies. Selenium rectifier was invented in 1933 and it was also used for the rectification of power frequencies but selenium rectifier was more efficient and was best in low-voltage, heavy current applications. Commercial manufacturing of germanium crystal diode was started in 1946. Then invention of the bipolar junction transistor in 1948 had replaced the valves because of low power, low cost, small size and long-lasting. Electrical products are generally operated from the mains power supply. But electronic products are operated by D.C supply and nowadays most of the communication devices are designed to be operated by the low-watt power supply. Scientists and researchers are developing low power, low heat dissipation, low dropout, miniature and energy harvesting efficient power supply.
Brief information of Electricity and wiring Mani Das
Electricity is a form of energy involving the flow of electrons. Benjamin Franklin first invented electricity and studied it, while Alessandro Volta discovered that chemical reactions can produce electricity and invented the first battery. Electricity can be generated through various means like heat, falling water, wind, solar, and chemical energy. There are two types of electric current: direct current where electrons flow in one direction and alternating current where electrons repeatedly change direction. Electricity has many applications like powering homes and industry as well as operating machines.
This document provides information about an electrical engineering course taught by Associate Professor Mohammed A. S. Al-Mekhlafi at Sana'a University. The key details include:
- Class meets on Thursdays from 8:00-10:00 AM. The instructor is Assoc. Prof. Mohammed A. Saeed and the course assistant is Dr. Abdo.
- The course focuses on fundamentals of electrical circuit engineering, analysis of series and parallel circuits, basic laws and theorems for DC and AC systems.
- The objectives are to provide basic electrical engineering knowledge and train students to analyze simple electrical systems and circuits.
- The course outline covers topics like voltage, current
This document provides an introduction to designing electrical power systems. It outlines several key factors to consider, including safety, reliability, flexibility, maintenance, and cost. Safety of equipment and personnel is the most important design consideration. The system should also be reliable, easy to operate and maintain, and able to accommodate future load and equipment changes. Additional topics covered include power sources, supply systems, climate conditions, load calculations, and basic electrical theory concepts needed for design such as Ohm's law, voltage, current, resistance, inductance, and capacitance.
Calculation Method to Estimate Electrostatic and Electromagnetic Induction in...Power System Operation
1) When telecommunication cables are installed near high-voltage power lines, induction can cause voltage in the cables that threatens worker safety and equipment functionality.
2) Induction occurs through either electrostatic or electromagnetic mechanisms. Electrostatic induction is caused by capacitance between lines, while electromagnetic induction is caused by current in power lines generating magnetic fields.
3) Calculations are performed to estimate induced voltages based on line parameters and arrangements. If voltages exceed limits, countermeasures like rerouting or underground installation are considered in facility design.
1. The document discusses Ohm's law and basic electrical circuit concepts such as resistance, capacitance, inductance, and power.
2. It introduces modern electron theory and defines an atom as consisting of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons.
3. Key circuit elements like resistors, capacitors, and inductors are defined in terms of how they store or dissipate electrical energy. Kirchhoff's laws and techniques for analyzing circuits like source transformations are also summarized.
This document provides an overview of power electronics including:
1. Definitions of power electronics as the processing and control of electric power using power semiconductor devices.
2. A brief history of power electronics from vacuum tube rectifiers to modern devices like IGBTs.
3. Examples of applications in areas like motor drives, power supplies, renewable energy systems.
4. A simple example of a dc-dc buck converter to illustrate basic power conversion principles.
This document provides an overview of power electronics. It discusses the definition and history of power electronics, its applications and interdisciplinary nature. It also gives an example of a simple dc-dc converter to illustrate power conversion using a switch, low pass filter and control system. The major issues in power electronics are improving performance, efficiency, size/weight/cost while reducing electromagnetic interference.
The document provides information about basic electrical and electronic components. It discusses resistors, inductors, capacitors, cells/batteries, generators, motors, and their characteristics. Resistors oppose current flow and lower voltage. Inductors store energy in magnetic fields. Capacitors store electric charge. Cells/batteries convert chemical into electrical energy. Generators convert mechanical into electrical energy. Motors convert electrical into mechanical energy. The document also covers international terminal markings, types of connections for resistors/motors, and applications of these components.
INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Module 1alertofferzz
This document provides an introduction to an electrical engineering course, including outlines of its modules and course outcomes. The modules cover topics such as power generation, DC circuits, AC fundamentals, transformers, motors, and electrical safety. Power can be generated through conventional methods like thermal, hydroelectric, or non-conventional methods like wind, solar and fuel cells. Electrical power systems are represented using single line diagrams showing generators, transformers and loads connected by transmission lines.
Harmonic Mitigation in Distribution System by using Passive Filtersijtsrd
The advent of power electronics and computerized equipment in recent decades has brought enhanced efficiency and improved system but at the same time also created harmonics and waveform distortion to the power system network. Due to the growing use of nonlinear load equipment and new technologies in buildings, harmonic currents and voltages generated in distribution systems pose a new problem for electrical engineers. This is a serious problem when power quality is a prime concern. Harmonics are the main types of power quality problem that are very common to the power system containing electric arc furnace EAF . Electric arc furnace EAFs are widely used in steelmaking and in melting of nonferrous metals. In this paper, EAF is presented guide lines for the accurate evaluation of harmonics generated in No. 3 Steel Mill, Ywama, Yangon. Passive filters have been most commonly used to limit the flow of harmonic currents in distribution systems. Their performance is limited to a few harmonics, and they can introduce resonance in the power system. Nyein Nyein Chan | Hnin Wai Hlaing "Harmonic Mitigation in Distribution System by using Passive Filters" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-1 , December 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd19027.pdf
http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/19027/harmonic-mitigation-in-distribution-system-by-using-passive-filters/nyein-nyein-chan
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
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Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
1. DIPLOMA ENGINEERING
CIVIL ENGINREERING DEPARTMENT (06)
SUBJECT:BUILDING SERVICES (3360604)
SEMESTER:VI
CH:2 ELECTRICAL SERVICES & LAYOUT
MISS BHAVIKA H.PATEL
2. TOPICS INCLUDES,
1.Introduction
2.Terminology related to electric
circuit & wiring
3.Direct current & alternating
current
4.Conventional symbols
5.Types of wires and wiring system
6.Layout of house wiring
7.Estimation of wiring
3. SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF ELECTRICITY
Hydroelectric
power station
Thermoelectric
power station
Electro
thermonuclear
power station
Step up transformer
National grid pylon
Step down transformer
Local grid
Public and
domestic lighting
Transport(Rails)
Industry & public
services
Radio
communication
4. TERMINOLOGY RELATED TO ELECTRIC CIRCUIT:
1.Electric current:
Electron charge moves one end to another end which known as electric current.it is denoted by ”I”.
2.Ampere:
One coulomb charge pass in one second in conductors is called as ampere. It is denoted by “A”
3.Elecro motive force(EMF):
Energy per unit electric charge that is imparted by an energy source, such as an electric generator or
battery.
4.Potential difference:
The difference of electrical potential between two points.
5. 5.Resistance:
It is a measure of the opposition to current flow in electric circuit.
6.Conductor:
It is an object or material that allows the flow of charge in one or more directions.(Copper,
Aluminium)
7.Insulators:
It is an object or material which dose not allows the flow of charge in one or more
directions.(timber)
8.Semi conductors:
It is a material which allows or not allows flow of charge (conductivity between conductors and
insulators).(sillicon,gallium)
9.Power:
The rate of workdone is known as power.