Charging infrastructure is the backbone for EV adoption in India, in the same way as Internet was for e-commerce. The Government of India announced an outlay of ₹10,000 crore for FAME 2 to boost the number of electric vehicles in India and a total of ₹1,000 crore has been earmarked for setting up charging stations for EVs. Much of the remaining policy are behavioural modifications and demand incentives for end users. However, the adoption relies heavily on how we crack the chicken and egg situation of charging infrastructure. IET’s Future of Mobility and Transport Panel brought together a set of EV infrastructure experts drawn from organisations representing battery manufacturers, fleet operators, charging service providers, fintech firms as well as the Government of India in a bid to articulate current challenges in adoption of EV vehicles in India. Read the report to get answers to your questions regarding: Should fleet owners go beyond their core competency and deploy charging infrastructure or should the government plan for the demand? What will the numbers look like in 3 years? How can demand load planning be done with the distribution companies? What business models will be successful?

1. Electric Vehicle Charging
Infrastructure
Road ahead for India
Future of Mobility Series

2. The Institution of Engineering and Technology
The IET is one of the world’s largest professional societies for engineers, headquartered in the UK. Soon
to turn 150 years, the IET works closely with industry, academia and government in its mission to engineer
a better world. In line with this, the IET also has specific global initiatives around key sectors that are
relevant to solving problems that impact the society at large. In India, the IET has over 13,000 members
and has wide ranging activities in alignment with the overall global IET strategy that also includes sector
focus in areas such as Internet of Things, Education & Skill Development and Transport. Eminent
engineers like Shri Ratan Tata, Former Chairman TATA Sons, N R Narayana Murthy, Chairman Emeritus,
Infosys and T V Ramachandran, President, Broadband India Forum (Ex-Resident Director, Vodafone) are
Honorary Fellows of the IET.
It is globally well acknowledged that ‘Mobility and Transport’ sectors are critical for economic growth and
that its future will evolve very differently. Advancements in transportation technologies including
electrification, application of digital technologies, autonomy based on deployment of image recognition,
machine learning and AI, creation of new business models are among key ingredients that will drive
disruption and transformation in this sector in the next decade. Given the diversity and complexity of the
socio-economic realities in India, a judicious combination of engineering and new technologies, blended
with timely policy interventions by the Government in Mobility and Transport, can boost economic growth
and employment. It will also positively impact the environment as well as enhance the quality of life.
About the IET Future of Mobility and Transport Panel
The IET has created a Future of Mobility and Transport (FoMT) Focus (under the aegis of the Transport
sector focus of the IET) in India to bring together the diverse and multidisciplinary stakeholders on to a
neutral platform that can facilitate a variety of actions, developments and provide a well-balanced advisory
on policy interventions needed. While doing so, it is also important to factor that about 35% of India’s
population lives in Urban, as compared to 65% that lives in Rural conditions. Many of the challenges and
issues in this context are very different from those in urban India. It is also important to address the issue
of logistics and freight, which as a proportion of India’s GDP, is significantly higher than established global
benchmarks. With Indian e-commerce on an upward trajectory, the sector is expected to surpass the US to
become the second largest in the world by 2034. The opportunities that this presents, both in the urban
and rural contexts, are immense.
The vision of the IET FoMT Focus is “To be THE thought platform to help shape the future of mobility and
transport in India that is safe, ubiquitous, sustainable, affordable, reliable & rapid and enhance its role as
an economic enabler.”
If you are interested to play an active role in shaping the future of mobility and transport in India, please
write to us at sectors@theiet.in

3. Introduction
Charging infrastructure is the backbone for EV adoption in India, much in the same way as
Internet was for e-commerce. The Government of India announced an outlay of ₹10,000 crore for
FAME 2 to boost the number of electric vehicles in India and a total of ₹1,000 crore has been
earmarked for setting up charging stations for electric vehicles. Much of the remaining policy are
behavioural modifications and demand incentives for end users. However, the adoption relies
heavily on how we crack the chicken and egg situation of charging infrastructure.
Should fleet owners go beyond their core competency and deploy charging infrastructure as well
or should the government plan for the demand? What will the numbers look like in 3 years? How
can demand load planning be done with the distribution companies? What business models will
be successful?
IET’s Future of Mobility and Transport Panel brought together a set of EV infrastructure experts
drawn from organisations representing battery manufacturers, fleet operators, charging service
providers, fintech firms as well as the Government of India in a bid to articulate current
challenges in adoption of EV vehicles in India.
Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
IndiaSummary of challenges and opportunities in India

5. Demand Planning
Demand planning will be the most crucial step in the success of EV adoption in India.
While conversations are dominated by charging infrastructure for 4 wheelers and buses,
it is important to take cognizance of the fact that much of the demand will be driven by 2
and 3 wheelers
The government pegs future demand (in the next 3 years) as below.
a. 2 wheelers < 10,00,000
b. 3 wheelers < 500,000
c. 4 wheelers < 50,000
While governments across states are consider new e-bus deployments, it is important to
understand that the charging infrastructure for these will evolve almost simultaneously with the
deployments. It is assumed that little or no public charging will be needed for buses as they will
be charged in their parking area/ depots.
For long distance buses plying beyond 140 KM, a 1 hour break is proposed for charging – which
will, once again be at an intermediary depot.
It therefore becomes apparent that charging infrastructure ecosystem needs to recalibrate their
thinking to factor in the high demand from 2 and 3 wheelers.
Policy
• Standardisation of charging infrastructure: Charging predominantly can happen at 3
different points.
i. Vehicle brought to a charging point
ii. Charging plug taken and drawn to a vehicle
iii. On the road using electronic road technologies.
Therefore, we need 3 standards immediately before the economics take over.
• Standardised EV tariffs across states needs attention as some states have already
formulated different tariffs. A unification at later stage may get complex.
• While PSUs are able to access land for enabling charging infrastructure, private players
have to apply for a tender/ bid and wait for the results. If the rate of land is made
transparent, private players can move faster to fulfil the demand.
• The link between EV infrastructure players and power distribution companies needs to be
tackled at the earliest. Without this planning for attaining better load-demand ratios

6. cannot be possible. This link between the point of charge and gird is crucial to the
successful deployment on EVs.
• Nature of vehicle and the chemistry of the battery will define what sort of charging
infrastructure is needed, for this, the aforesaid demand planning is crucial.
• There needs to be intervention to bring together customers and OEMs as business
models for each segment (passenger vehicles, fleet aggregators, public transport, last
mile providers) will all be different. A point of parity needs to be reached soon.
Speakers
Manoj Gupta, Business
Head,
JBM Group
Awadhesh Jha,
Vice President, Fortum
Dheeraj Fanish,
Manager, ABB
Atul Arya, Head of
Energy Systems,
Panasonic
CK Goyal,
Vice President, Delhi
Integrated Multi Modal
Transit System
Anirudh Arun,
COO, Blu Smart Mobility
Sajid M,
Scientist G, DST- To
move to EV Charging
Kartikey Hariyani,
Founder and CEO,
Charge Zone

7. Glimpses from the Event
Disclaimers
This document is owned and maintained by the Institution of Engineering and Technology,
India and the design of the document is © IET India 2020.
The information contained in this document should not be interpreted as a representation of the
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information cannot supersede any statutory or contractual requirements or liabilities and is
offered without prejudice.
While the authors, publisher and contributors believe that the information and guidance given in
this work are correct, all parties must rely upon their own skill and judgement while making use
of them. Neither the authors nor the publishers assume any liability to anyone for any loss or
damage caused by an error or omission in the work, as a result of negligence or any other
cause.
Where reference is made to legislation, it is not considered as a legal advice. Any and all such
liability is disclaimed.

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and
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