The document provides information about Egyptian religion, including key gods and goddesses like Osiris, Isis, Horus, Re, and Set. It explains major religious practices such as mummification of the dead, which involved removing organs and preserving the body so the soul could use it after death. The Egyptians built pyramids and temples and made offerings to ensure souls could navigate to the afterlife. They also created guides like the Book of the Dead to aid the soul's journey. The document outlines these topics to teach students about Egyptian religious beliefs and rituals.

1. Essential Question
•How have people
benefitted by having an
organized religion?

2. Learning Targets
•I can name the major Egyptian
gods and goddesses and
describe their realm of power.
•I can explain Egyptian religious
practices.

3. EGYPTIAN RELIGION
NOTE SHEET
As we cover the material in class be sure to fill in the note
sheet with the correct information.

4. KEY TERMINOLOGY
Vocabulary that you need to know…

5. afterlife
• A life after death

6. mummy
• The preserved body
of a deceased
person.

7. pyramid
• A huge building with
four sloping triangle
shaped sides; built as
royal tombs in Egypt.

8. LEARNING TARGET #1
Name the major Egyptian gods and
goddesses and describe their area of
power.

9. The Egyptians were
polytheistic.
•What does •They
polytheistic worshipped
mean again? more than
one god.

10. Re (or Ra)
• God of the sun
• For a time, he
was one of the
most important
gods

11. Apep
• Evil god
• Personification of
darkness and
chaos
• Usually took the
form of a snake
• Lived just below
the horizon

12. The Story of Re
• Each day, Re would sail a
boat across the sky.
• This was the Egyptian’s
explanation of the rising
and setting of the sun.
• When Re journeyed below
the horizon he was
attacked by Apep and
fought with him nightly
• He always would win and
return to Egypt every
morning.

13. Amun
• Originally was
worshipped just in the
city of Thebes.
• When the capital was
moved from Memphis to
Thebes Amun became
much more important.

14. Eventually Amun and Re merged
together and became Amun-Re

15. Osiris
• God of the afterlife
• Husband of Isis
• After death, the pharaoh
became Osiris.

16. Isis
• Goddess of women
• Wife of Osiris
• Mother of Horus

17. Horus
• Sky god
• God of kingship
• While living, the
pharaoh was
Horus
• Son of Osiris and
Isis

18. Set
• God of storms,
chaos, and the
desert
• The
personification of
evil
• Brother of Osiris

19. Anubis
• God of
embalming

20. The Story of Osiris

21. Horus avenges Osiris’ murder
• Horus fought Set and defeated him in battle to
become the new pharaoh.
• He lost his eye in the fight.
All pharaohs of
the future were
thought to be
Horus while they
were alive and
Osiris after they
died.

22. Thoth
• God of wisdom
and writing

23. Maat
• Personification
of
truth, justice, an
d order.

24. ASSESSMENT
Did you meet our learning target?

25. Re (or Ra)
• God of ________

26. Re (or Ra)
• God of the sun
• For a time, he
was one of the
most important
gods

27. _________
• Originally was
worshipped just in the
city of Thebes.
• When the capital was
moved from Memphis to
Thebes ______became
much more important.

28. Amun
• Originally was
worshipped just in the
city of Thebes.
• When the capital was
moved from Memphis to
Thebes Amun became
much more important.

29. ___________
• God of the afterlife
• Husband of Isis
• After death, the pharaoh
became _________.

30. Osiris
• God of the afterlife
• Husband of Isis
• After death, the pharaoh
became Osiris.

31. Isis
• Goddess of ___________
• Wife of Osiris
• Mother of Horus

32. Isis
• Goddess of women
• Wife of Osiris
• Mother of Horus

33. ___________
• Sky god
• God of kingship
• While living, the
pharaoh was
________
• Son of Osiris and
Isis

34. Horus
• Sky god
• God of kingship
• While living, the
pharaoh was
Horus
• Son of Osiris and
Isis

35. Set
• God of ______,
_________, and
the _________
• The
personification of
evil
• Brother of Osiris

36. Set
• God of
storms, chaos, and
the desert
• The
personification of
evil
• Brother of Osiris

37. Anubis
• God of
__________

38. Anubis
• God of
embalming

39. _________
• Evil god
• Personification of
darkness and
chaos
• Usually took the
form of a snake
• Lived just below
the horizon

40. Apep
• Evil god
• Personification of
darkness and
chaos
• Usually took the
form of a snake
• Lived just below
the horizon

41. ___________
• God of wisdom
and writing

42. Thoth
• God of wisdom
and writing

43. __________
• Personification
of
truth, justice, an
d order.

44. Maat
• Personification
of
truth, justice, an
d order.

45. LEARNING TARGET #2
Explain Egyptian religious practices.

46. Preparing the Dead
• Early in their history,
Egyptians buried the
dead in the desert in
shallow pits.
• The dry climate and
salts in the sand dried
out the bodies and
created natural
mummies.

47. Why create mummies?
• The Egyptians believed
that the soul would live a
life of leisure and
happiness in the afterlife.
• But, they would need
return to their bodies in
order to receive food
offerings.
• The body would need to
be preserved in order for
there to be something to
come back to.

48. How is a mummy created?

49. What did they do with the organs
that they removed from the
abdomen?
• The stomach, lungs,
intestines, and liver were
all mummified and placed
in special containers called
Canopic jars.
• The heart was also
mummified, but was
returned to the body
because it would be
needed by the deceased at
a later time.

50. COOL MUMMIFICATION
SITE
http://www.childrensuniversity.manchester.ac.uk
/interactives/history/egypt/makeamummy/

51. Opening of the Mouth
• The Egyptians did
not believe that
the mummy would
be able to
eat, see, hear, or
move until a
special ceremony
took place to
“open” the mouth.

52. How did a soul make it to the
afterlife?
• It was
believed that
a soul would
travel to the
afterlife
aboard
magical
boats.

53. How was it determined if a soul would
make it to the afterlife or not?
• The weighing of
the heart
ceremony

54. Wednesday, March 13, 2013
• Who are the gods or goddesses
• 1- Isis
pictured below?
• 2- Horus
• 3- Osiris
• #1 #2 #3

55. The Book of the Dead
• A how-to guide for the deceased person to use when making
their way to the afterlife.
• It included spells which were supposed to be spoken at specific
times that would allow them to pass on to the afterlife.

56. Making Offerings
• When the soul returned
to its body each day it
did so in order to
receive nourishment
from food that had
been offered by their
living family members.
• Families would present
offerings for their
deceased family
members in special
mortuary temples.

57. THE EGYPTIANS
WERE NOT ALWAYS
POLYTHEISTIC
The Rule of Akhenaten

58. Akhenaten
• Shortly after
becoming
pharaoh, he
banned the
worship of the old
Egyptian gods and
began worshipping
a new god.

59. Aten, the sun-disc
• Aten was worshipped as the only god.
• Akhenaten built a brand new capital called Akhetaten
and worshipped Aten there.
• The religion flourished during Akhenaten’s reign, but
was abandoned shortly after his death.
• The city of Akhetaten fell into ruins.

60. ASSESSMENT
Did we meet our learning target?

61. How did the Egyptians practice
their religion?
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