The document provides a comprehensive guide on effective library training for academic research, covering search techniques, resource evaluation, and the distinction between various academic sources. It emphasizes the importance of using credible sources to avoid plagiarism and outlines responsible use of AI tools like ChatGPT in academic work. Additionally, it highlights key practices for referencing and offers practical strategies for ensuring academic integrity in assignments.

1. Library Training:
School of Accountancy
HanlieStrydom
FacultyLibrarian:Economicand ManagementSciences
hanlies@sun.ac.za

2. In this session we’ll be looking at
Search techniques (Identify Keywords & use Boolean;
Quick& Easy Search Technique; Pearl Growing Search
Technique)
Distinguishing between sources (referencing)
 evaluating sources
Finding credible academic sources
Plagiarism
ChatGPT and other AI tools
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3. Library Guides
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Find appropriate databases
on your specific library guide

4. 4
Databases – what is it?
A database is an electronic index (list) to journal or
magazine articles, containing citations, abstracts
and often either the full text of the articles, or links
to the full text.
It allows you to search for information using:
Keywords
Titles
Authors
Subjects

5. 5
Searching for sources
How to search effectively

6. Step 1: Identify your keywords
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Write down your topic:
The influence of the internet on real estate agencies
Main Concepts:
internet
Real estate agencies

7. Step 2: Identify Synonyms
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Internet Web
Real Estate Agencies Property agencies
The influence of the internet on real estate agencies

8. Step 3: Combine Keywords
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Boolean Operators - AND / OR / NOT
AND – returns results with both keywords
OR – returns results with one or the other keyword
NOT – returns results excluding specific keywords
Use the Boolean Machine for visualizing the effects
of Boolean operators .

9. Step 3: Combine Keywords
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Boolean Operators - AND / OR / NOT

10. Step 3: Combine Keywords
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Boolean Operators - AND / OR / NOT
Quotation Marks “ ” – keep keywords together, for
exact phrase searching
Brackets ( ) – keep concepts together, used for
synonyms

11. Step 3: Combine Keywords
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Search phrase:
Internet AND “real estate agencies”
(Internet OR web) AND (“real estate
agencies” OR “property agencies”)

12. Finding credible academic sources
Reliability:
From a reputable source/institution- publisher, University, Research Unit,
Company
Authority:
Creator is an expert in their field, and affiliated with a reputable institution
Validity :
The research was conducted in a manner that is commonly accepted in the
field, and is evident in the article
Accuracy:
The information can be verified
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13. Good news
Using Academic Databases provided by the library will
assist you in finding relevant, credible information for your
assignments. Examples:
SUN Search (Library Catalogue)
Scopus
Google Scholar
Emerald
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14. Reliable internet sources
Any Website ending in:
.org; .gov; .edu; .ac
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15. 15
Distinguishing between sources
Book Journal Article
Report

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Book
A published work on a specific topic,
usually contains chapters. Can be
hardcopy or electronic. Written by a
specific person (author), or under an
editor. It will have:
• Publisher
• Place of publication
• Year
• ISBN

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Book - Example
Search the library Catalogue for book on
Management Accounting

18. 18
Book Chapter
Be careful of chapter in books that you
find electronically
Example:
Reflexivity and Development Economics
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9780230250598_
4

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Academic Journal
A periodical or serial publication in
which information on a specific topic
is published in article format. It can
be electronic or hard copy. It will
have:
• Title
• Publisher
• Year
• Volume number
• Issue number
• ISSN

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Journal - Example
Search Meditari Accountancy Research

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Academic Article
Topic specific information within an
academic discipline, published in a
Journal. It can be electronic or hard
copy. It will have:
• Source Title References
• Article title
• Abstract (summary)
• Year
• Volume number
• Issue number
• Page number

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Article - Example
Cashel-Cordo, P., & Craig, S.G. 1990. The
public sector impact of international
resource transfers. Journal of Development
Economics, 32(1):17-42.
Authors Journal title
Year Volume and issue
Article title pages

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Report
A document that presents
information in an organized format
for a specific audience and purpose,
reporting something that has been
observed, done or investigated. Can
be annual or once off. It will have
• Report title
• Author
• Corporate body/Company
• Year

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Report - Example
World Health Statistics 2018:
Monitoring Health For the SDG’s

25. Referencing - Key takeaways
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The purpose of the reference list is to allow your sources to be found by
your reader. It also gives credit to authors you have consulted for their
ideas
Know the Referencing Style that you are using
Make sure what you are referencing, different material types are
displayed differently in the bibliography
Makes sure that your in-text citations match your bibliography
Most important, be CONSISTENT

26. Referencing - Help
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27. Referencing - Help
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28. Referencing - Help
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29. Plagiarism
Plagiarism is the theft and use of the ideas, material and
other intellectual property of others that are passed off as
one’s own
This can take multiple forms
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OBVIOUS FORMS:
Buying / borrowing a paper and
copying it
Hiring somebody to write for you
Cutting and pasting text
Direct translations
Citing sources you didn’t use
LESS OBVIOUS FORMS:
Not giving proper credit
Not referencing images, etc.
Improper paraphrasing
Failing to give a proper reference
Not acknowledging outsourcing (eg.
Data)

30. Plagiarism thought tree
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31. Spot the plagiarism
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Is this plagiarism?
Timmer asserts that the fundamental role of prices in
a market economy is to serve as signals for
allocating both consumption and investment
resources (Timmer, 2002: 1507). This is important,
because of the…

32. Spot the plagiarism
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Is this plagiarism?
Timmer asserts that the fundamental role of prices
in a market economy is to serve as signals for
allocating both consumption and investment
resources (Timmer, 2002: 1507). This is important,
because of the…
Different font, so copied and pasted
No quotation marks
Reference in wrong place

33. Spot the plagiarism
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Is this plagiarism?
Dorward comments that even the impoverished are not likely
to gain much directly as self-employed producers of trade
agricultural assets, with restricted access to land and capital
and relatively low farm earnings (2004: 4).
Even here the poor are unlikely to gain much directly as self-
employed producers of tradable agricultural commodities,
with limited access to land and capital and relatively low on-
farm incomes – original text

34. Spot the plagiarism
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Is this plagiarism?
Dorward comments that even the impoverished are not likely
to gain much directly as self-employed producers of trade
agricultural assets, with restricted access to land and capital
and relatively low farm earnings (2004: 4).
Even here the poor are unlikely to gain much directly as self-
employed producers of tradable agricultural commodities,
with limited access to land and capital and relatively low on-
farm incomes – original text

35. Spot the plagiarism
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Is this plagiarism?
“In his 1991 review, Sherman Robinson highlights the
theoretical tension between the neoclassical paradigm and
AGE models with financial behaviour” (Hertel, 2002: 1376).

36. Spot the plagiarism
Is this plagiarism?
Ask ChatGPT: write a short paragraph about the importance of using
credible sources for academic assignments.
Answer:
Using credible sources is crucial for academic assignments. These
sources provide accurate and reliable information, ensuring the
integrity of your work. Authored by experts and subjected to peer-
review, credible sources enhance your arguments and demonstrate
academic integrity. They also help you avoid misinformation and bias.
Prioritizing credible sources strengthens your assignments and
showcases your ability to analyze reliable information.
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37. ChatGPT and other AI tools
The line between the right way and the wrong way of using ChatGPT is
often blurred
Follow the guidance from your lecturers
AI Use Disclosure Statement
The Faculty recommends that AI use be declared, and it includes a
student declaration form, that requires an indication of the AI tools
used, as well as where and what it were used for, and a justification for
claims that the work is the student’s own.
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38. ChatGPT and other AI tools
Responsible use of AI tools (continue)
Accountability (including the ideas of acknowledgement and
attribution)
You are responsible for what you create and how it impacts
others and society. AI tools don't have accountability. It is thus
your responsibility to ensure that work submitted under your
name is factually correct.
Authenticity
You may use AI tools to assist where relevant, but not to
complete the assignment on your behalf.
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39. ChatGPT and other AI tools
Responsible use of AI tools
Fairness
Your use of AI tools/ systems should be ethical and responsible
and should comply with academic integrity standards
Transparency
You should clearly and honestly declare the use of AI tools and
their outputs as well as the extent of the use, i.e. refer to the
'search strategy' and rationale that informed this
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40. Challenges and possibilities of AI Tools
Challenges
•There is a mix of correct and incorrect information
•Has limited knowledge of the world after 2020
•Likelihood of biased content is high.
Benefits
•Can provide simple explanations to well known, non-controversial
topics
•Can provide sample text
•Can create a list of keywords, search terms
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41. Plagiarism- Key takeaways
In order not to plagiarize, know the magical secret: Cite your sources!
Citing your sources is also important for your readers:
To show you did research – it gives legitimacy and validity to your
argument
To show where your information comes from – use reliable sources
Your readers can check the sources if there are questions –
additional info
To point your readers to useful sources – if they want to dig deeper
In general, don't use AI tools as a "source" of information because it mixes
correct and incorrect information. It isn't (yet) considered a credible source for
academic research and writing
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42. Plagiarism - Help
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The information listed below will assist you in helping to avoid
plagiarism and understanding the consequences.
•Plagiarism
•SU Policy on Plagiarism (In Support of Academic Integrity)
•SU Procedure for the Investigation and Management of
Allegations of Plagiarism
•Using Turnitin software to detect plagiarism

43. Research help
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44. 44
Thank you – Any Questions?