Effect of Supply Chain Management Competencies on Organization Performance a Survey of Parastatals in Nairobi CountyEffect of Supply Chain Management Competencies on Organization Performance a Survey of Parastatals in Nairobi County
Abstract: Supply chains as one of the governance aspect are complex systems with different structures and power proportions between partners. Managers would be in a better position to meet the challenges of global supply chain processes if they understand the implementation issues and their roles on supply chain effectiveness. The main purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of supply chain management competencies on organizational performance and specifically the effect of innovation Orientation on organizational performance. Explanatory research design was used. The population of study comprised 244 employees from selected Parastatals in Nairobi City County. Questionnaires were used to collect data and data was analyzed using descriptive statistics like means, frequencies, and percentages, and inferential statistics, Pearson correlation and multiple regressions. Results indicated that innovation orientation has significant and positive effect on organizational performance. This concludes that firms whose managers have innovation orientation improve performance. It is recommended that there should be further research and development on innovative and leading organizational practices in order to enhance performance and need for supply chain management policies and procedures that follow an appropriate sequence and structure.
Determinants of Supply Chain Performance of Indian Manufacturing OrganizationsWaqas Tariq
This paper aims at proposing various determinants of supply chain performance of Indian manufacturing organizations. The determinants are summarized based on extensive literature review of empirical research articles on supply chain management (SCM) and performance measurement approaches. This study is a part of a larger research project exploring SC related practices. A critical analysis is carried out so as to identify research gaps in context of performance measurement of supply chains, as well as to propose directions for future research. A conceptual model is also proposed. Critical investigation of selected articles led to an idea that there can be significant effect of selected variables on SC Performance. It is to be seen that how various parameters, taken from the literature review, affect SC performance and ultimately contributing to its competitiveness. The various parameters like supplier-buyer relations, external supply chain, environmental factors, human metrics, information sharing and performance measurement approaches are taken in a single study in the context of Indian manufacturing organizations. Based on a pilot study with sample size of 100, empirical tests resulted in reduction of items. Based on the obtained results, the organizations can enhance the SCM performance by improving the current practices/strategies through focusing on the determinants that significantly influence SCM performance. Further research can be carried out by using data of various supply chains of other sectors and industries of India to generalize the research.
This study pursued to investigate the effects of supply chain management practices on organizational
performance in the food complex industries in Asella town. A cross-sectional survey research design was
employed in this study. The population of interest comprised of all suppliers, employees, customers, retailers
were involved and multistage sampling was employed and 158 sample
The relationship between generic strategies and organizational performance: A...AI Publications
The main purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between generic strategies and organizational performance in selected furniture companies in Kurdistan.The researcher used quantitative research method to analyze the relationship between generic strategies and organizational performance of furniture companies in Kurdistan. The researcher printed and distributed 100 questionnaires, but received only 76 questionnaires from participants. Accordingly the sample size of this study is 76 unitsThe findings of this study revealed that the three generic strategies (cost strategy, differentiation strategy and focus strategy) have positive relationship with organizational performance in selected furniture companies in Kurdistan. A research could be completed in different businesses to see if similar outcomes will be gotten. This research likewise recommends that an exploration study could be done to decide factors impacting successful execution of effective strategy in the business.
Determinants of Supply Chain Performance of Indian Manufacturing OrganizationsWaqas Tariq
This paper aims at proposing various determinants of supply chain performance of Indian manufacturing organizations. The determinants are summarized based on extensive literature review of empirical research articles on supply chain management (SCM) and performance measurement approaches. This study is a part of a larger research project exploring SC related practices. A critical analysis is carried out so as to identify research gaps in context of performance measurement of supply chains, as well as to propose directions for future research. A conceptual model is also proposed. Critical investigation of selected articles led to an idea that there can be significant effect of selected variables on SC Performance. It is to be seen that how various parameters, taken from the literature review, affect SC performance and ultimately contributing to its competitiveness. The various parameters like supplier-buyer relations, external supply chain, environmental factors, human metrics, information sharing and performance measurement approaches are taken in a single study in the context of Indian manufacturing organizations. Based on a pilot study with sample size of 100, empirical tests resulted in reduction of items. Based on the obtained results, the organizations can enhance the SCM performance by improving the current practices/strategies through focusing on the determinants that significantly influence SCM performance. Further research can be carried out by using data of various supply chains of other sectors and industries of India to generalize the research.
This study pursued to investigate the effects of supply chain management practices on organizational
performance in the food complex industries in Asella town. A cross-sectional survey research design was
employed in this study. The population of interest comprised of all suppliers, employees, customers, retailers
were involved and multistage sampling was employed and 158 sample
The relationship between generic strategies and organizational performance: A...AI Publications
The main purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between generic strategies and organizational performance in selected furniture companies in Kurdistan.The researcher used quantitative research method to analyze the relationship between generic strategies and organizational performance of furniture companies in Kurdistan. The researcher printed and distributed 100 questionnaires, but received only 76 questionnaires from participants. Accordingly the sample size of this study is 76 unitsThe findings of this study revealed that the three generic strategies (cost strategy, differentiation strategy and focus strategy) have positive relationship with organizational performance in selected furniture companies in Kurdistan. A research could be completed in different businesses to see if similar outcomes will be gotten. This research likewise recommends that an exploration study could be done to decide factors impacting successful execution of effective strategy in the business.
Correlations among Brand Image, Dynamic Capability, Knowledge Management Capa...inventionjournals
This study aims to explore the relations among the brand image, dynamic capability, knowledge management capability of listed Taiwan semiconductor companies and their competitive advantage. The subject population in this study is department supervisors at listed Taiwan semiconductor companies. Convenience sampling is used to conduct sampling of the population. The results show that: (1) the brand image of listed Taiwan semiconductor companies (functionality/symbolism /experience) has a positive and significant effect on dynamic abilities; (2) dynamic capability (process/position/path) has a positive and significant effect on competitive advantage; (3) brand image (functionality/symbolic/experience) has a positive and significant effect on competitive advantage; (4) knowledge management capability (internal abilities/external abilities) has a positive and significant effect on dynamic capability; and (5) knowledge management capability (internal abilities/external abilities) has a positive and significant effect on competitive advantage. The results can serve as a reference for relevant operators when making operating policies.
Impact of ISO9001 Certification on the Beverage Company's Performance: A case...AkashSharma618775
This study tries to shade light on the effect of ISO9001 on Performance of Brewery companies in
Ethiopia. It empirically analyzes the impact of ISO9001 on the performance of brewery company's proxied by
profit of companies during the sample period of 2002-2015.The sample consists three brewery companies namely:
BGI-Ethiopia, Metha-Abo and Dashen brewery companies. The methodology is based on the Fixed effect model
estimator proposed for dynamic panel data, which is strong in the presence of endogenous covariates, allowing for
individual companies fixed effects, heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation. Based on findings, out of the four
independent variables average revenue and dummy of ISO9001 are positive and significant effect on companies
profit i.e an increase (decrease) in average revenue of companies results in a 5.517 percent increase (decrease) in
the company's profit. The result indicates that ISO9001 certification does have a strong significant positive impact
on brewery companies performance. As the result revealed a company's profit increases by 1.052% due to
ISO9001 certification. The other two explanatory variables average cost and natural logarithm of total sale become
statistically insignificant. In sum, the result of the study indicates that Having ISO9001 certification improves the
profitability of the brewery companies. This finding seems to agree with the study done by T. Dejene (2011) on five
brewery companies in Ethiopia and other scholars like D.S. Sharma(2005),M. Pinar(2001) and J. Singles et
al.(2000)
ROLE OF SUPPLIER MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN OPTIMIZATION OF OPERATIONAL PERFORM...muo charles
ROLE OF SUPPLIER MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN OPTIMIZATION OF OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICE INDUSTRY IN KENYA. A CASE OF SAFARICOM LIMITED KENYA
A new fuzzy dematel todim hybrid method for evaluation criteria of knowledge ...ijmvsc
Knowledge management (KM) adoption in the supply chain network needs a good investment as well as
few changes in the culture of the entire SC. Knowledge management is the process of creating,
distributing and transferring information. The goal of this study is to Rank KM criteria in supply chain
network in Iran which is important for firms these days. Criterion used in this paper were extracted from
the literature review and were confirmed by supply chain experts. The proposed approach for ranking and
finding out about these criterion is hybrid fuzzy DEMATEL-TODIM, with using fuzzy number as data for
our studies we could avoid uncertainty. The data was gathered from PhD. And Ms. Students in industrial
engineering of Kharrazmi university of Tehran and PhD. And Ms. Students of the management department
of Semnan university. A new hybrid approach was used for achieving the results of this study. This new
hybrid approach ranks data criteria respect to each other, then by using TODIM for ranking respect to
the best situation (gains), the rates of criterion were determined which is a very important advantage.
The Influence of Supply Chain Integration on the Intrapreneurship in Supply C...IJERA Editor
These days, SMEs pay a lot of attention to concept of Supply Chain Management (SCM) in order to achieve
competitiveness. The logic behind such act is integrating the activities of value creation within any kind of
organizational context. Such integrity would collaborate with managers to accomplish the competitive edge that
they are aiming to achieve. The goal of current research is to identify scopes of a unique construct which is
known as Entrepreneurial Supply Chain Management competency. Therefore, the notions of SCM and
entrepreneurship are being aligned together for evaluating the organizational performance. The outcomes
demonstrate that SCM in fact is a critical issue that can alter the organizational performance, thus, through
consideration of SCM, we should focus on supply chain integration and its impacts on intrapreneurship and
innovation of an organization. In order to be successful in such competitive context, SMEs need to provide
novel competences which are not imitable and to increase their application in supply chain and also to improve
their total performance.
A Comparative Analysis of Organizational Structure and Effectiveness between ...inventionjournals
The nature of services in institutions of higher learning requires that all stakeholders play
positive roles in the sustainability of the institution’s survival and effectiveness in giving quality teaching,
research and learning. Structure and processes are core requirements for understanding organizational
effectiveness. The actual scenario in the field, however, raises concerns as to whether cases of pending work,
inefficiency, conflicts among others can be arrested by having proper structures and processes. The purpose of
the study was to assess the effect of organizational structure on organizational effectiveness, in public and
private universities in Kenya, using the case of Moi University and University of East Africa (UEA)-Baraton.
Based on the study, this paper undertakes a comparative analyisis of organizational structure and
organizational effectiveness between UEA-Baraton and Moi University and the extent to which the nature of
formalization and level of horizontal integration are antecedents to level of communication and locus of
decision-making. The study utilized a cross-sectional survey design that was descripto-explanatory in nature to
identify attributes of the study population using a small sample of individuals. Independent samples t-test was
used to test whether there was any significant difference in organizational structure and organizational
effectiveness between public and private universities. Further, the study used hierarchical regression analysis to
test the hypotheses. Based on the sample of 365 participants (300 from Moi University and 65 from UEABaraton),
the independent samples t-test confirmed that there were significant differences in organizational
structure and organizational effectiveness between public and private universities. The regression results
indicated that the locus of decision-making had positive and significant effects on productivity, stability,
resource acquisition and human resource satisfaction and development. The results highlight the need to
improve organizational structure which has positive impacts on organizational effectiveness under the
moderation of organizational processes. This move is necessitated by the accelerated pace of business
complexity today.
THE INFLUENCE OF COLLABORATION IN PROCUREMENT RELATIONSHIPSijmvsc
Supply Chain Management often requires independent organizations to work together to achieve shared
objectives. This collaboration is necessary when coordinated actions benefit the group more than the
uncoordinated efforts of individual firms. Despite the commonly reported benefits that can be gained in
close relationships, recent research has indicated that collaboration attempts between purchasing firms
and their suppliers have not been as widespread as anticipated. Using a survey of procurement
professionals, this research investigates how the purchasing function utilizes collaboration in its supply
chain relationships. Structural equation modeling is used to identify how information sharing, decision
synchronization, incentive alignment, collaborative communication, and trust impact collaboration, as well
as how collaboration impacts performance. Results from 86 survey responses indicate that firms are still
not fully utilizing collaborative relationships
Determinantsof Strategic Supply Chain Management in Enhancing Organization Pe...paperpublications3
Abstract: The purpose of the study was to investigate the determinantsof strategic supply chain management in enhancing organization performance, a case of Eldoret Water and Sanitation Company. The target population consisted of all the managers and employees at ELDOWAS. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design, in which both stratified and simple random sampling techniques were utilized in selecting the participants for the study. This study used a sample of 60 employees and management representatives. Questionnaire, interview schedule and document analysis were be used to collect data. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistical technique that included frequencies, percentages and means. Findings of the study found out that 53.3% of organisation performance was influenced by the four determinants studied in the research. Results on coefficient of variation showed that a unit change in supply chain infrastructure would affect organisation performance by (0.14β1), resource sharing (0.062β2), information flow (0.457β3) and organisation linkage (0.215β4). All the four determinants looked in this research were found to have positive influence; supply chain infrastructure (r=0.505), resource sharing (r=0.567), information flow (r=0.705) and organisation linkage (r=0.322) on organisation performance. The study recommends that ICT should be fully integrated and utilised in sharing information between the organisation and partner in the supply chain management, information systems and flow need to be enhanced to ensure that the suppliers and customers receive it on time.
Keywords: Determinants, Information flow, Infrastructure,Supply Chain Management & Resource sharing.
Durreesamin (ISSN: 2204-9827) is an Australian peer reviewed quarterly multi-disciplinary journal. Dureesamin journal covers a very wide range of topics and welcome researchers from all over the world to submit original research papers, Literature Review Articles, Hypothesis Papers, book reviews, conference reports, Case Studies and Case Reports. Full articles are published on Durreesamin website are open access to all.
Research report the driver of supply management capability Tran Thang
The main purpose of the paper is to identify the driver factors have effect to supply management capability. Many previous studies involve supply management capability have been mainly concern about general competences and individual skill lists which is considered necessary for the professionals to achieve an efficient procurement system. There are little concentration on the drivers of capability in supply management. This paper point out that if the corporations want to increase supply management capability it is crucial to link the role of purchasing and supply management to the strategy of the corporation, formalize the supply management functions and promote the suppliers network values and suppliers orientation to their business.
which supply chain strategies can guarantee higher manufacturer’s operational...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Due to the fact that scientists and practitioners alike have interested on the leveraging manufacturing companies’ operational performance, this research examined which supply chain strategies promise manufacturers higher operational performance. Later on, we clarified whether suitable resources can play an important role in the mentioned causal relationshipsas a moderator and improve the impact of the strategies on operational performance. This study is a descriptive-exploratory research in which primary data was collected from 80 Malaysian manufacturing companies. Bivariate Correlation and Multiple Regression in SPSS was applied for analyzing data. Output showed that many suppliers, few suppliers, and keiretsu network strategies enable manufacturers to achieve satisfactory level of operational performance; but, vertical integration. More importantly, suitable resources can leverage the effect of just vertical integration strategy on operational performance.
EFFECTS OF SUPPLIER EFFICIENCY ON PROCUREMENT PERFORMANCE IN KENYA SEED COMPA...paperpublications3
Abstract: Recruitment and keeping qualified suppliers is very important in procurement performance in any organization. However, many factors affect a firm's ability to determine and select the most efficient supplier. This study was undertaken with the main objective to assess the supplier selection and evaluation practices in the Kenya Seed Company. The study was guided by three specific objectives; to establish the criteria used for supplier evaluation in the Company; to find out the challenges of implementing Supplier Evaluation in the Company and to determine the relationship between Supplier Evaluation Criteria and procurement Performance in the Company. It employed a descriptive research design. The target population was 250 employees in the Company. A sample of 154 was selected to give response to the study. The response rate was 100%. Questionnaires were used to collect data which was analyzed using SPSS software version 20. Findings revealed that the Company base their selection on following criteria; quality of the supplier services , financial position of the supplier, flexibility of the supplier, supplier efficiency in service delivery, supplier charges, constitution and the PPOA guidelines, supplier technical capability, supplier profile, experience of the supplier in offering certain services/products as well as compliance with procurement procedures. However, supplier evaluation in these organizations is faced by several challenges including corruption, incompetent procurement officers, inefficiencies in procurement processes, lack of incentives, pressure of implementing PPOA and PPDA guidelines, cost of implementing procurement systems as well as maintaining procurement system greatly affects supplier selection process. The study recommended that the management of the Company need to effectively design the most effective evaluation criteria that would facilitate its procurement performance that ensured only most competent suppliers are selected and competent personnel are in place to manage supply chain processes in the organizations.
Effect of Strategic Planning on Performance of Secondary Schools in Trans-Nzo...paperpublications3
Abstract: The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of strategic planning on the performance in Secondary Schools in Trans-Nzoia West Sub-County. The objective of this study was to assess the influence that resources have on performance of secondary schools. The target population was 370 numbers of stakeholders in public secondary school in Trans-Nzoia West sub-county. Purposive and random sampling technique was used to sample the schools and the sample size was 30% of the target population. Data collection instruments were questionnaires, interviews and observation. Data was processed by use of percentages. The key recommendations were as follows: - i) The Ministry of Education should ensure that all schools have strategic plans in place to guide in the allocation of school’s resources for efficiency and effectiveness. ii) The government through Ministry of Education together with the County Government should increase funding of infrastructure in the schools in order to ensure that all schools have the necessary basic physical facilities to be able to compete favourably with others that are endowed with adequate facilities. iii) The government through the Ministry of Education should regularly visit schools to monitor and evaluate the implementation of the objectives in the strategic plan and take remedial measures to address failures in areas that need help.
An Empirical study on Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction of Panthaniva...paperpublications3
Abstract: In this competitive era creating and sustaining the quality of service to meet the expectation of customers is of utmost importance. Understanding the zone of tolerance of consumers and taking innovative measures can certainly enhance the business opportunities and increase market share.
Service quality and customer satisfaction are the vital aspects which companies must understand in order to gain a competitive advantage. Therefore it is has become imperative for companies to know how to improve the moments of truth in a positive way in the mind of customers, measure and analyze the consumer trends and preferences. Service quality is of utmost importance as it leads to higher customer satisfaction, customer loyalty and retention. Further a it also helps to garner higher profit margins through cross selling and up selling.
The purpose of this paper is to study the customer expectations of the customers about the quality of service offerings by Panthanivas in Bhubaneswar and measure the customer satisfaction on various services offered using SERVEQUAL Model.
Correlations among Brand Image, Dynamic Capability, Knowledge Management Capa...inventionjournals
This study aims to explore the relations among the brand image, dynamic capability, knowledge management capability of listed Taiwan semiconductor companies and their competitive advantage. The subject population in this study is department supervisors at listed Taiwan semiconductor companies. Convenience sampling is used to conduct sampling of the population. The results show that: (1) the brand image of listed Taiwan semiconductor companies (functionality/symbolism /experience) has a positive and significant effect on dynamic abilities; (2) dynamic capability (process/position/path) has a positive and significant effect on competitive advantage; (3) brand image (functionality/symbolic/experience) has a positive and significant effect on competitive advantage; (4) knowledge management capability (internal abilities/external abilities) has a positive and significant effect on dynamic capability; and (5) knowledge management capability (internal abilities/external abilities) has a positive and significant effect on competitive advantage. The results can serve as a reference for relevant operators when making operating policies.
Impact of ISO9001 Certification on the Beverage Company's Performance: A case...AkashSharma618775
This study tries to shade light on the effect of ISO9001 on Performance of Brewery companies in
Ethiopia. It empirically analyzes the impact of ISO9001 on the performance of brewery company's proxied by
profit of companies during the sample period of 2002-2015.The sample consists three brewery companies namely:
BGI-Ethiopia, Metha-Abo and Dashen brewery companies. The methodology is based on the Fixed effect model
estimator proposed for dynamic panel data, which is strong in the presence of endogenous covariates, allowing for
individual companies fixed effects, heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation. Based on findings, out of the four
independent variables average revenue and dummy of ISO9001 are positive and significant effect on companies
profit i.e an increase (decrease) in average revenue of companies results in a 5.517 percent increase (decrease) in
the company's profit. The result indicates that ISO9001 certification does have a strong significant positive impact
on brewery companies performance. As the result revealed a company's profit increases by 1.052% due to
ISO9001 certification. The other two explanatory variables average cost and natural logarithm of total sale become
statistically insignificant. In sum, the result of the study indicates that Having ISO9001 certification improves the
profitability of the brewery companies. This finding seems to agree with the study done by T. Dejene (2011) on five
brewery companies in Ethiopia and other scholars like D.S. Sharma(2005),M. Pinar(2001) and J. Singles et
al.(2000)
ROLE OF SUPPLIER MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN OPTIMIZATION OF OPERATIONAL PERFORM...muo charles
ROLE OF SUPPLIER MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN OPTIMIZATION OF OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICE INDUSTRY IN KENYA. A CASE OF SAFARICOM LIMITED KENYA
A new fuzzy dematel todim hybrid method for evaluation criteria of knowledge ...ijmvsc
Knowledge management (KM) adoption in the supply chain network needs a good investment as well as
few changes in the culture of the entire SC. Knowledge management is the process of creating,
distributing and transferring information. The goal of this study is to Rank KM criteria in supply chain
network in Iran which is important for firms these days. Criterion used in this paper were extracted from
the literature review and were confirmed by supply chain experts. The proposed approach for ranking and
finding out about these criterion is hybrid fuzzy DEMATEL-TODIM, with using fuzzy number as data for
our studies we could avoid uncertainty. The data was gathered from PhD. And Ms. Students in industrial
engineering of Kharrazmi university of Tehran and PhD. And Ms. Students of the management department
of Semnan university. A new hybrid approach was used for achieving the results of this study. This new
hybrid approach ranks data criteria respect to each other, then by using TODIM for ranking respect to
the best situation (gains), the rates of criterion were determined which is a very important advantage.
The Influence of Supply Chain Integration on the Intrapreneurship in Supply C...IJERA Editor
These days, SMEs pay a lot of attention to concept of Supply Chain Management (SCM) in order to achieve
competitiveness. The logic behind such act is integrating the activities of value creation within any kind of
organizational context. Such integrity would collaborate with managers to accomplish the competitive edge that
they are aiming to achieve. The goal of current research is to identify scopes of a unique construct which is
known as Entrepreneurial Supply Chain Management competency. Therefore, the notions of SCM and
entrepreneurship are being aligned together for evaluating the organizational performance. The outcomes
demonstrate that SCM in fact is a critical issue that can alter the organizational performance, thus, through
consideration of SCM, we should focus on supply chain integration and its impacts on intrapreneurship and
innovation of an organization. In order to be successful in such competitive context, SMEs need to provide
novel competences which are not imitable and to increase their application in supply chain and also to improve
their total performance.
A Comparative Analysis of Organizational Structure and Effectiveness between ...inventionjournals
The nature of services in institutions of higher learning requires that all stakeholders play
positive roles in the sustainability of the institution’s survival and effectiveness in giving quality teaching,
research and learning. Structure and processes are core requirements for understanding organizational
effectiveness. The actual scenario in the field, however, raises concerns as to whether cases of pending work,
inefficiency, conflicts among others can be arrested by having proper structures and processes. The purpose of
the study was to assess the effect of organizational structure on organizational effectiveness, in public and
private universities in Kenya, using the case of Moi University and University of East Africa (UEA)-Baraton.
Based on the study, this paper undertakes a comparative analyisis of organizational structure and
organizational effectiveness between UEA-Baraton and Moi University and the extent to which the nature of
formalization and level of horizontal integration are antecedents to level of communication and locus of
decision-making. The study utilized a cross-sectional survey design that was descripto-explanatory in nature to
identify attributes of the study population using a small sample of individuals. Independent samples t-test was
used to test whether there was any significant difference in organizational structure and organizational
effectiveness between public and private universities. Further, the study used hierarchical regression analysis to
test the hypotheses. Based on the sample of 365 participants (300 from Moi University and 65 from UEABaraton),
the independent samples t-test confirmed that there were significant differences in organizational
structure and organizational effectiveness between public and private universities. The regression results
indicated that the locus of decision-making had positive and significant effects on productivity, stability,
resource acquisition and human resource satisfaction and development. The results highlight the need to
improve organizational structure which has positive impacts on organizational effectiveness under the
moderation of organizational processes. This move is necessitated by the accelerated pace of business
complexity today.
THE INFLUENCE OF COLLABORATION IN PROCUREMENT RELATIONSHIPSijmvsc
Supply Chain Management often requires independent organizations to work together to achieve shared
objectives. This collaboration is necessary when coordinated actions benefit the group more than the
uncoordinated efforts of individual firms. Despite the commonly reported benefits that can be gained in
close relationships, recent research has indicated that collaboration attempts between purchasing firms
and their suppliers have not been as widespread as anticipated. Using a survey of procurement
professionals, this research investigates how the purchasing function utilizes collaboration in its supply
chain relationships. Structural equation modeling is used to identify how information sharing, decision
synchronization, incentive alignment, collaborative communication, and trust impact collaboration, as well
as how collaboration impacts performance. Results from 86 survey responses indicate that firms are still
not fully utilizing collaborative relationships
Determinantsof Strategic Supply Chain Management in Enhancing Organization Pe...paperpublications3
Abstract: The purpose of the study was to investigate the determinantsof strategic supply chain management in enhancing organization performance, a case of Eldoret Water and Sanitation Company. The target population consisted of all the managers and employees at ELDOWAS. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design, in which both stratified and simple random sampling techniques were utilized in selecting the participants for the study. This study used a sample of 60 employees and management representatives. Questionnaire, interview schedule and document analysis were be used to collect data. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistical technique that included frequencies, percentages and means. Findings of the study found out that 53.3% of organisation performance was influenced by the four determinants studied in the research. Results on coefficient of variation showed that a unit change in supply chain infrastructure would affect organisation performance by (0.14β1), resource sharing (0.062β2), information flow (0.457β3) and organisation linkage (0.215β4). All the four determinants looked in this research were found to have positive influence; supply chain infrastructure (r=0.505), resource sharing (r=0.567), information flow (r=0.705) and organisation linkage (r=0.322) on organisation performance. The study recommends that ICT should be fully integrated and utilised in sharing information between the organisation and partner in the supply chain management, information systems and flow need to be enhanced to ensure that the suppliers and customers receive it on time.
Keywords: Determinants, Information flow, Infrastructure,Supply Chain Management & Resource sharing.
Durreesamin (ISSN: 2204-9827) is an Australian peer reviewed quarterly multi-disciplinary journal. Dureesamin journal covers a very wide range of topics and welcome researchers from all over the world to submit original research papers, Literature Review Articles, Hypothesis Papers, book reviews, conference reports, Case Studies and Case Reports. Full articles are published on Durreesamin website are open access to all.
Research report the driver of supply management capability Tran Thang
The main purpose of the paper is to identify the driver factors have effect to supply management capability. Many previous studies involve supply management capability have been mainly concern about general competences and individual skill lists which is considered necessary for the professionals to achieve an efficient procurement system. There are little concentration on the drivers of capability in supply management. This paper point out that if the corporations want to increase supply management capability it is crucial to link the role of purchasing and supply management to the strategy of the corporation, formalize the supply management functions and promote the suppliers network values and suppliers orientation to their business.
which supply chain strategies can guarantee higher manufacturer’s operational...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Due to the fact that scientists and practitioners alike have interested on the leveraging manufacturing companies’ operational performance, this research examined which supply chain strategies promise manufacturers higher operational performance. Later on, we clarified whether suitable resources can play an important role in the mentioned causal relationshipsas a moderator and improve the impact of the strategies on operational performance. This study is a descriptive-exploratory research in which primary data was collected from 80 Malaysian manufacturing companies. Bivariate Correlation and Multiple Regression in SPSS was applied for analyzing data. Output showed that many suppliers, few suppliers, and keiretsu network strategies enable manufacturers to achieve satisfactory level of operational performance; but, vertical integration. More importantly, suitable resources can leverage the effect of just vertical integration strategy on operational performance.
EFFECTS OF SUPPLIER EFFICIENCY ON PROCUREMENT PERFORMANCE IN KENYA SEED COMPA...paperpublications3
Abstract: Recruitment and keeping qualified suppliers is very important in procurement performance in any organization. However, many factors affect a firm's ability to determine and select the most efficient supplier. This study was undertaken with the main objective to assess the supplier selection and evaluation practices in the Kenya Seed Company. The study was guided by three specific objectives; to establish the criteria used for supplier evaluation in the Company; to find out the challenges of implementing Supplier Evaluation in the Company and to determine the relationship between Supplier Evaluation Criteria and procurement Performance in the Company. It employed a descriptive research design. The target population was 250 employees in the Company. A sample of 154 was selected to give response to the study. The response rate was 100%. Questionnaires were used to collect data which was analyzed using SPSS software version 20. Findings revealed that the Company base their selection on following criteria; quality of the supplier services , financial position of the supplier, flexibility of the supplier, supplier efficiency in service delivery, supplier charges, constitution and the PPOA guidelines, supplier technical capability, supplier profile, experience of the supplier in offering certain services/products as well as compliance with procurement procedures. However, supplier evaluation in these organizations is faced by several challenges including corruption, incompetent procurement officers, inefficiencies in procurement processes, lack of incentives, pressure of implementing PPOA and PPDA guidelines, cost of implementing procurement systems as well as maintaining procurement system greatly affects supplier selection process. The study recommended that the management of the Company need to effectively design the most effective evaluation criteria that would facilitate its procurement performance that ensured only most competent suppliers are selected and competent personnel are in place to manage supply chain processes in the organizations.
Effect of Strategic Planning on Performance of Secondary Schools in Trans-Nzo...paperpublications3
Abstract: The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of strategic planning on the performance in Secondary Schools in Trans-Nzoia West Sub-County. The objective of this study was to assess the influence that resources have on performance of secondary schools. The target population was 370 numbers of stakeholders in public secondary school in Trans-Nzoia West sub-county. Purposive and random sampling technique was used to sample the schools and the sample size was 30% of the target population. Data collection instruments were questionnaires, interviews and observation. Data was processed by use of percentages. The key recommendations were as follows: - i) The Ministry of Education should ensure that all schools have strategic plans in place to guide in the allocation of school’s resources for efficiency and effectiveness. ii) The government through Ministry of Education together with the County Government should increase funding of infrastructure in the schools in order to ensure that all schools have the necessary basic physical facilities to be able to compete favourably with others that are endowed with adequate facilities. iii) The government through the Ministry of Education should regularly visit schools to monitor and evaluate the implementation of the objectives in the strategic plan and take remedial measures to address failures in areas that need help.
An Empirical study on Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction of Panthaniva...paperpublications3
Abstract: In this competitive era creating and sustaining the quality of service to meet the expectation of customers is of utmost importance. Understanding the zone of tolerance of consumers and taking innovative measures can certainly enhance the business opportunities and increase market share.
Service quality and customer satisfaction are the vital aspects which companies must understand in order to gain a competitive advantage. Therefore it is has become imperative for companies to know how to improve the moments of truth in a positive way in the mind of customers, measure and analyze the consumer trends and preferences. Service quality is of utmost importance as it leads to higher customer satisfaction, customer loyalty and retention. Further a it also helps to garner higher profit margins through cross selling and up selling.
The purpose of this paper is to study the customer expectations of the customers about the quality of service offerings by Panthanivas in Bhubaneswar and measure the customer satisfaction on various services offered using SERVEQUAL Model.
Strategic Options for Creating Competitive Advantage for Youth Enterprises in...paperpublications3
Abstract: The Youth Enterprises have to survive in the global economic environment through defining the areas in which they can achieve the superior results and on them base their complete business. This article discusses the back ground information regarding youth enterprises in relation to vision 2030 and the global trends on SMES competitiveness as well as regional trends on SMES competitiveness. The research objectives are the effects of collaborative networks, innovation, product diversification and entrepreneurial skills on competitive advantage of youth enterprises. Conceptual framework focuses on both independent and dependent variables, independent variables namely; collaborative networks, innovation, product diversification and entrepreneurial skills; dependent variable namely competitive advantage. The purpose of this article is: to unite and to expand the existing cognitions about the concept of collaborative networks, innovativeness, product diversification, and entrepreneurial skills; propose the universal model for the process of transformation of implementing these concept and to point on the guidelines which should follow these concepts.
Effects of Employee Commitment on Academic Performance of Secondary Schools i...paperpublications3
Abstract: Employee commitment always plays a very key role in improving the academic performance. Distinguished performing companies perceive that employee commitment is a premier contributing factor toward maintaining continual success and composing value. A committed employee is participative and energized about their work and performs in an aspect that will progress the organization’s interest. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of employee commitment on academic performance of secondary schools in Elgeyo- Marakwet County. The objectives of the study were: to determine the effect of emotional commitment of the headteacher on school’s academic performance, to establish the effect of normative commitment of the headteacher on school’s academic performance, to examine the effect of continual commitment of the headteacher on school’s academic performance. The study adopted a census case design that entailed having all the headteachers of all the secondary schools in Elgeyo-Marakwet County as the respondents. The three constructs of employee commitment i.e. the normative, emotional and continuous commitment were treated as the independent variable while academic performance was the dependent variable. Data was analyzed using SPSS and both descriptive and inferential statistics was used. Regression was used to construct models that were used to determine the nature of the relationships between the variables of interest. All the hypothesized relationships developed were found to be statistically significant at level p < 0.05 i.e. emotional commitment (r = 0.401, p < 0.000), continual commitment (r = 0.410, p < 0.000), normative commitment (r = 0.273, p < 0.000) were correlated to academic performance significantly and positively. all the organizational commitment constructs of emotional commitment, continual commitment, and normative commitment have significant positive relationship with academic performance (emotional commitment: β=.258, p-value= 0.000; continual commitment: β= .137, p-value= 0.020; normative commitment: β= .056, p-value= 0.044). The results of this study will form the framework for policy making on the issue of organizational commitment and academic performance.
Financial Factors Affecting Operational Efficiency of Water Companies in Keny...paperpublications3
Abstract: This paper sought to examine financial factors affecting the operational efficiency of water companies in Kenya. It was driven specifically by the fact that despite great improvement in the sector, water companies have not yet achieved operational efficiency. It was guided by four objectives: To assess the Effect of Firm’s profitability on the Operation Efficiency of Water Companies in Kenya, to assess effect of revenue collection efficiency on Operation Efficiency of Water Companies in Kenya, to evaluate the effect of size of the firm on Operation Efficiency of Water Companies in Kenya and to evaluate the effect of Operation and Maintenance cost on Operation Efficiency of Water Companies in Kenya. A descriptive survey design was employed where stratified sampling was used to select a sample of 52 respondents. Interview schedules and the questionnaire were administered as the main tools for data collection. The Data collected was analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics aided by SPSS software. From the findings Revenue Collection Efficiency and Operation and Maintenance Cost Coverage were found to be positively correlated with the Cash Conversion Cycle. Thus the above should be considered as key determinant enhancing operational efficiency in water service provision.
Abstract: This case discusses about the export of spices from India. It begins with the definition of trade and types of trade and further discusses about the reason of trading. Further it’s about India as a permier destination of organic spices, which includes the varieties of spices offered, by India, organic farming, Indian Spice Board initiative, Promotion of spices. Apart from this case discusses about cultivation of various spices in India and then the major Export destinations for spices. It further includes key markets for spices of India, various exporting companies, shipping details for exporting and the logistic method used for exporting spices. The report ends up with conclusion and a news article on export of spices.
A Study on Customer Relationship Marketing in Banking Sectorpaperpublications3
Abstract: Modern Marketing Philosophy advocates the concept of customer relationship marketing that creates customer delight. In the banking field a unique relationship exists between the customers and the bank. Due to various reasons like financial burdens, risk of failure, marketing inertia etc., many banks are still following the traditional ways of marketing and only few banks are making attempts to adapt customer relationship marketing. The role of custom er relationship marketing is very vital in leading the banks towards high level and volume of profits. So there is a need to study the role of customer relationship marketing in development and promotion of banking sector through the side-lines of the practices, problems and impact of CRM on banking sector all the time.
Womb on Rent: Surrogacy Tourism in India-Ethical or Commercialpaperpublications3
Abstract: Commercial Surrogacy, which is the act of selling a woman’s ability to give birth to a child with another man strictly for business purposes, is a rapidly growing industry in today’s societies that permit it. It is also an issue that has many moral and ethical implications. It compromises many moral principles and values and therefore raises many questions to consider whether or not commercial surrogacy is moral. Examples of these moral implications include questions such as whether or not it is ethical to put monetary value on the creation of life, how does commercial surrogacy affect women’s rights in countries such as India where we see a particular vast growth in this industry, where women may not necessarily be fully protected by law and may be forced by their families who live in poverty to perform this act for financial necessity. Due to the fact that this is a very modern, as well as rapidly growing issue, it is very important to discuss and raise awareness that it is a very real issue that creates a lot of moral dilemma so that it can be changed and perhaps banned in countries that currently allow it, if deemed immoral. To examine this issue, the situation of commercial surrogacy in India, which has grown into a multibillion dollar industry and is therefore, deemed the worldwide capital of surrogacy. The statistics such as the projected net worth of commercial surrogacy as an industry in 2012 will be analysed as well as different things such as families in India who have experienced commercial surrogacy. The Law Commission of India has submitted the 228th Report on "Need for Legislation to Regulate Assisted Reproductive Technology Clinics as Well as Rights and Obligations of Parties to a Surrogacy."
Abstract: Medical tourism is a growing phenomenon with policy implications for health systems, particularly of destination countries. Private actors and governments in Southeast Asia are promoting the medical tourist industry. This article presents a conceptual framework that outlines the policy implications of medical tourism's growth for health systems, drawing on the cases of Thailand, Singapore and Malaysia and other hubs for medical tourism. Variables for further analysis of the potential impact of medical tourism on health systems are also identified. The framework can provide a basis for empirical, in country studies weighing the benefits and disadvantages of medical tourism for health systems. The policy implications described are of particular relevance for policymakers and industry practitioners in other Southeast Asian countries with similar health systems where governments have expressed interest in facilitating the growth of the medical tourist industry. This article calls for a universal definition of medical tourism and medical tourists to be enunciated, as well as concerted data collection efforts, to be undertaken prior to any meaningful empirical analysis of medical tourism's impact on health systems.
Effect of the Organizational Culture on the Sustained Quality Improvement in ...paperpublications3
Abstract: Japanese 5S was selected as the quality improvement tool in this study as 5S is the stepping stone for many quality improvement concepts and its roots date back to 16th century. When successfully implemented, 5S gives many benefits to the organization as well as its stakeholders. Though 5S itself has a tool to sustain, most of the organizations find it difficult to sustain the 5S practice over the time. Therefore the objective of this study was to find out the effect of the organizational culture on the sustainability of quality improvement in Government Healthcare institutions in Sri Lanka. This study was a descriptive cross sectional study with two components. First component was to identify the degree of 5S sustainability in each healthcare institution by validated evaluation sheet. Second component was to determine the effect of the organizational culture on the sustainability of 5S programmes in selected study setting which were government hospitals in RDHS area Kurunegala. Self-administrated questionnaire was used for this purpose. Total study population was 543 employees of all the categories of hospital staff. Calculated sample size was 422 and 375 were responded to the questionnaire giving response rate of 88.9%. The study revealed that organizational culture has great impact on sustainability of quality improvement while value of the organization is the major contributing factors.
Quality-Driven Logistics: Reverse Logistics Process Reengineering, Improving ...paperpublications3
Abstract: To succeed in the modern global economy, it is critical to build a Logistics network that is information-rich, highly flexible, cost effective, and defined by both customer needs and internal corporate strategy. Organizations must constantly reinvent the Logistics network to allow business growth and change. Yet, the superiority in Logistics operations is anything but enough to achieve competitive advantage. The proper handling of Reverse Logistics is currently perceived as the leading distinction edge among organizations. From another perspective, high operational efficiency is dependent on quick, accurate, and continuous exchange of information within an organization. Such ability is achieved through the use of modern Information Technology and computer automation. As organizations cannot move into the highly competitive environment by adapting old management methods, Process Reengineering might be the solution. In this research, the concepts of Reverse Logistics, Information Technology, and Process Reengineering are spotlighted. A reengineering of the current maintenance process of a major Egyptian Healthcare Medical Equipment Provider is proposed in order to enhance the Customer Service Quality and the Operational Efficiency. Computer simulation modeling is used to evaluate the proposed model.
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Abstract: Retention possesses an essential spot and position inside the entire administration process. This component is utilized productively for swaying staff to make positive commitment for accomplishing organizational goals. Retention is vital, as individual temperament needs some kind of prompting, consolation or motivation to give higher execution. Over the past 5yrs, the rate of nursing staff leaving their jobs has been 40% annually and this has continued to be a problem affecting the delivery of health services. Motivation of employee's therefore, offers numerous edges to the Organization and also to the staff. Hence this study sought to establish the factors affecting retention of health workers in the health sector and especially nurses in the health department of Transnzoia County Government. The study was guided by the following objectives; - to determine the factors that affect nurse retention in the Health sector of Transnzoia County Government, to find out the effects of job satisfaction on nurse retention in the Health sector of Transnzoia County Government and to establish the effect of retention programs in the health sector of Transnzoia County Government. The design used for this study is the descriptive method. The targeted sample for this study comprised of senior management nurses as well as junior management nurses at the hospitals, health centers and dispensaries within Transnzoia County. The total population of nurses currently stands at three hundred and twenty. A sample size of one seventy five members was selected by using random sampling method. Both primary and secondary sources of data were used during the study. The procedures for collection of data for this study were basically questionnaires and interviews. Data collected using the questionnaires was edited for clarity and then frequency tables drawn to show the final results using Pearson product-Moment Coefficient correlation and Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software. The SPSS was used to analyze the information gathered which was used in development of charts and graphs. It is therefore important to understand personal premises and key retention factors anchored on contemporary nursing management practices with identifiable indicators.
Role of the Cotton Textiles Export Promotion Council (TEXPROCIL) In the Devel...paperpublications3
Abstract: India, a country which is known for its textile manufacturing and handlooms, since the early times; and this is revealed by literary and archaeological evidences. India’s textiles manufacturing sector is one of the pillar of the national economy. Government of India has taken many steps to create a brand of Indian textile in the global arena. All the exporters are been provided with various different promotion council to promote their items. For each item there is an export council and for textile it is TEXPROCIL (The Cotton Textiles Export Promotion Council). “ By not just pulling away the protectionist measures, but also by enhancing business sector access, avoiding policies which distort competition & also to agree on reforms to world trade regulations; with the help of these council there can be boost in trade and also seize the opportunities that it offers for everyone, in the years to come”. Undoubtedly the coin has two phases similarly, the councils has some failing points also. The drawbacks of the council have leaded the exports to battle with various problems in promoting their products. The problems are been stated below.
Role of the Cotton Textiles Export Promotion Council (TEXPROCIL) In the Devel...
Similar to Effect of Supply Chain Management Competencies on Organization Performance a Survey of Parastatals in Nairobi CountyEffect of Supply Chain Management Competencies on Organization Performance a Survey of Parastatals in Nairobi County
Effect of Supply Chain Management Practices on Organizational Performance of ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of supply chain management practices on the
performance of Kenya’s state corporations. The study adopted a descriptive research design. A total of 142
parastatals were targeted from which 15 of them were selected to participate in the study. Purposive sampling
was used to select two senior managers from each of the 15 parastatals. These respondents were selected from
the finance and procurement departments. Questionnaires were used to collect primary data from the state
corporations. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used in the study. Inferential statistics conducted
were regression analyses. Results indicated that outsourcing practices (p=0.205>0.05) have a negative but
insignificant effect on organizational performance. On the other hand, inventory management practices
(p=0.006<0.05), lean practices (p=0.006<0.05), and strategic supplier relationship management practices
(p=0.001<0.05) all have a positive and significant effect on the performance of state corporations.
KEYWORDS:Outsourcing, Inventory Management Practices, Lean Supply Chain Management Practices,
Strategic Supplier Relationship Practices, Organizational Performance,
Implications Of Human Resource Variables On Supply Chain Performance And Comp...CSCJournals
This paper proposes a conceptual model indicating the effect of Human Resource (HR) variables on supply chain (SC) performance and to suggest best approach suited for Indian manufacturing organizations, in general, and automotive industries, in particular. This study is a part of a larger research project exploring SC related practices. The methodology of critical evaluation involved literature review of empirical research articles on performance measurement, SCM and HR practices. A critical analysis is carried out so as to identify research gaps in content of effect of HR on performance measurement of supply chains, as well as to propose directions for future research. A conceptual model is also proposed. Critical investigation of selected articles led to an idea that there can be significant effect of the role of human involvement on overall SC Performance. It is to be seen that how various parameters, taken from the literature review, affect SC performance and ultimately contributing to its competitiveness. The study is limited to supply chains of the automotive industries and their ancillaries located in Malwa region of M.P., India. Further research can be carried out by using data of various supply chains located in other parts of India to generalize the research. Also, other sectors and industries can be included.
Organization Structure and Service Capabilities as Predictors of Supply Chain...Russ Merz, Ph.D.
An article published in the Journal of Applied Marketing Theory that reports on a study examining how organizational characteristics and service capabilities of supply chains explain performance. The study utilized survey data to build a predictive model.
Effects of Supplier Relationship Management on the Performance of Organizatio...iosrjce
This study was aimed at filling these gaps on how supplier relations management could be used to
enhance the performance of the sugar industry in Kenya. The study was guided by the following research
objectives, to: determine the effect of the organization structure in the performance of an organization,
determine the effect of value measurement on the performance of an organization, determine the effect of
collaboration on the performance of organizations and finally determine the effects of technology in the
performance of an organizations. The study adopted a survey and targeted the management and the
procurement staff of the three selected sugar companies in western Kenya which are Mumias, West Kenya and
Butali Sugar Companies. The study targeted the 25 departmental staff in the three companies’ and inclusive of
the three procurement managers who head the respective procurement departments in the companies. A total of
25 respondents were therefore targeted. The research employed a census study design. The sample size of the
study comprised of 25 respondents. The questionnaires were issued to the procurement staff through their
respective managers.
Operation Management Strategies 1
LITERATURE REVIEW 7
Literature Reviewin Operation Management Strategies
Qualitative cases in operation management
The study inspects the condition of subjective research endeavors in operation administration. Five fundamental operation administration diaries are incorporated for their effect on the field. The subjective detailed analyzes picked were distributed somewhere around 1993 and 2008. With an expanding pattern to utilizing more subjective research endeavors, there have been significant and huge commitments to the operation administration department, particularly in the territory of hypothesis building.
In a significant number of the subjective detailed analyzes they explored, sufficient points of interest in research outline, information accumulation, and information investigation were absent. For example, there are studies that don't offer examining rationale or a portrayal of the investigation through which research draws results. Further, researches conventions for doing inductive detailed analyze are much better created contrasted with the research conventions for doing deductive careful investigations. Thusly, there is an absence of reliability in how the case technique has been connected. As subjective researchers, they offer recommendations on how we can enhance what have been done and raise the level of thoroughness and consistency (Mei, 2011).
Buyer perceptions of supply disruption risk
Scott argues that as supply chains get to be more minds boggling, firms face expanding dangers of supply interruptions. The process through which purchasers settle on decisions notwithstanding these dangers, nonetheless, has not been investigated. In spite of research highlighting the criticalness of behavioral methodologies to risk, there is restricted research that applies these perspectives of danger in the supply chain writing. This paper addresses this crevice by drawing on behavioral danger hypothesis to examine the causal connections among circumstance, representations of danger, and choice making inside the buying area.
They investigate the relationship between greatness of supply disturbance, likelihood of supply interruption, and general supply disturbance risk. Furthermore, they attract on trade hypotheses to distinguish item and business sector figures that effect purchasers' impression of the likelihood and extent of supply interruption. At last, they take a gander at how representations of danger influence the choice to look for options wellsprings of supply. The model was tested utilizing information gathered from 223 obtaining administrators and purchasers of immediate materials. The results demonstrate that both the likelihood and the size of supply disturbance are paramount to purchasers' general view of supply interruption risk (Ellis, 2010).
Examining supply chain relationships
Gilbert finds out that firm.
The Hazards of Sole Sourcing RelationshipsChallenges, Pract.docxarnoldmeredith47041
The Hazards of Sole Sourcing Relationships:
Challenges, Practices, and Insights
Mark O. Lewis, Appalachian State University
Scott D. Hayward, Appalachian State University
Vijay Kasi, AT Kearney's Supply Chain Practice
Introduction
Fueled by advances in information technology,
supply chain management has moved from a
back office administrative function to a board
room imperative. Today, companies work more
closely with their suppliers to be more respon-
sive to customers' changing needs and to build
competitiveness. Many firms have significantly
reduced the number of suppliers they use,
sometimes to a single, trusted source to enable
tight integration between firms. Operations
management scholars continue to examine the
effects of tight supplier integration and often
point to the positive relationship between in-
tegration and performance (Handfield, Ragatz,
Peterson, and Monczka, 1999; Kulp, Lee, and
Ofek, 2004; Rosenzweig, Roth, and Dean Jr,
2003). With a relationship built on a foundation
of trust, single supplier relationships potentially
offer many benefits. The buyer and a single
supplier can better coordinate shipments and
production, share technological knowledge to
integrate the input into production, and com-
municate design changes to mutual benefit.
Multiple sourcing, in contrast, may weaken the
ties between the firm and its suppliers making
communication, control, and standardization
more difficult.
Though the potential benefits of single sourc-
ing and tight integration are many, the strategy
has its drawbacks. For example, Horwitch and
Thietart (1987) uncovered the costs of coordina-
tion, compromise, and rigidity that may follow
from especially tight firm-supplier relationships.
Similarly, Das (2006) argued that the increased
virtual span of control stemming from tight inte-
gration may lead to coordination costs that offset
savings incurred from single-sourced relation-
ships. In addition to the explicit costs of integra-
tion, Sorenson (2003) focused on other costs of
tight integration that were less measurable, such
as the absence of learning that may come from
limiting a firm's contact with its external envi-
ronment. Clearly, management scholars disagree
about the utility of developing tight firm-supplier
relationships, such as those that might arise from
sole sourcing strategies.
Against this backdrop, this paper offers two
core contributions. First, while grounded in a
real life case study of a large consumer products
company, it offers a theoretical explanation of
the perils of single-sourcing relationships. In
doing so, it shows the actual drivers of bound-
ary drift, a term we develop to represent the
change in organizational boundaries that result
from sourcing decisions. Furthermore, we show
how such a phenomenon can lead to unintended,
and potentially detrimental, strategic outcomes.
Second, by following the focal firm as they
design a new sourcing strategy, we offer impor-
tant insights for practicing manage.
Resource configurations on sustainable competitive advantage of food and beve...Alexander Decker
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Effect of Supply Chain Management Competencies on Organization Performance a Survey of Parastatals in Nairobi CountyEffect of Supply Chain Management Competencies on Organization Performance a Survey of Parastatals in Nairobi County
1. ISSN 2349-7807
International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)
Vol. 2, Issue 4, pp: (110-118), Month: October - December 2015, Available at: www.paperpublications.org
Page | 110
Paper Publications
Effect of Supply Chain Management
Competencies on Organization Performance a
Survey of Parastatals in Nairobi County
Rose Cherotich Ruttoh1
, Dr. Yusuf Kibet (PhD) 2
, Evans Biraori Oteki3
1
Master of Science in Procurement and Logistics, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology
2
Senior Lecturer, Moi University
3
PhD student, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology
Abstract: Supply chains as one of the governance aspect are complex systems with different structures and power
proportions between partners. Managers would be in a better position to meet the challenges of global supply
chain processes if they understand the implementation issues and their roles on supply chain effectiveness. The
main purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of supply chain management competencies on organizational
performance and specifically the effect of innovation Orientation on organizational performance. Explanatory
research design was used. The population of study comprised 244 employees from selected Parastatals in Nairobi
City County. Questionnaires were used to collect data and data was analyzed using descriptive statistics like
means, frequencies, and percentages, and inferential statistics, Pearson correlation and multiple regressions.
Results indicated that innovation orientation has significant and positive effect on organizational performance.
This concludes that firms whose managers have innovation orientation improve performance. It is recommended
that there should be further research and development on innovative and leading organizational practices in order
to enhance performance and need for supply chain management policies and procedures that follow an
appropriate sequence and structure.
Keywords: Governance, Management competencies, Organizational performance, Parastatals, Supply chains.
1. INTRODUCTION
Supply chain management practices comprise a set of approaches and practices that effectively integrate with suppliers,
manufacturers, distributors, and customers to improve the long-term business performance and their supply chain (Chopra
and Meindl, 2007). Strategic supplier partnerships need better coordination between the organization and its suppliers
because it influences the strategic and operational capabilities of individual participating companies. This long-term
relationship between the organization and its suppliers help them achieve significant ongoing benefits (Li et al., 2005; Li
et al., 2006). Strategic supplier partnerships include buying goods and services from suppliers and impacting the suppliers
system and operational capabilities, adding value and improving the supply chain performance (Sufian, 2010).
Inter-organizational information systems are often used to support new supply chain management initiatives, as they can
improve inter-firm information sharing. Firms are able to realize cost savings and improve processes through information
sharing (Enslow, 2006). Accordingly, supply chain members have recognized the importance of information sharing as an
essential factor influencing supply chain performance ( Lee et al., 2000, Rai et al., 2006). The benefits of information
sharing are well recognized (e.g., Klein and Rai, 2009), and various information technology solutions for sharing
information and integrating supply chain processes are available; however, firms may still avoid sharing information with
their upstream or downstream partners (e.g. Lee et al., 1997, Karen, 2010). Selfish enhancement of their own
2. ISSN 2349-7807
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competencies, increasing bargaining power within a relationship, and the ability to influence terms and conditions in their
own favor through control over strategic information are some of the factors that prevent firms from sharing supply chain
information (Argyres and Liebeskind, 1999, Nair et al., 2011). As a result, varying forms of information sharing
behaviors can be observed within supply chains
Resource based view (Barney, 1991) looks for internal sources of firm‟s sustained competitive advantage and aims to
explain why firms in the same industry might differ in performance. RBV argues that firms are heterogeneous to one
another due to possessing some strategic resources and capabilities, on which consequently competitive advantage is
acquired (Barney, 1991; Wernerfelt, 1984). Thus, competitive advantage is acquired by accumulating strategic resources
and capabilities. The Competence-based Perspective (CBP) explores the development of core competences as a source of
competitive advantage (Prahalad and Hamel, 1990), and argues that core competencies of a firm are sources of
competitive advantage it assumes that unique resources exist at the supply chain level, and that supply chains can be
inimitable competitive weapons.
1.1 Statement of the Problem:
Adoption of supply chain management competencies is an option to remedy the challenge. However, the previous
research findings and results have been contradicting and no attempt to clear the contradictions; biased and unbalanced
analysis of the different measures of firm performance, as well as the failure to use weighted scores to measure firm
performance; the limited and still evolving literature on supply chain competence. Therefore, this study attempted to
investigate SCM competency in innovation Orientation and the effect on supplier chain performance in private firms in
Nairobi, Kenya.
1.2 General Objective:
To investigate the effect of supply chain management competencies on organizational performance
1.3 Research Objectives:
To assess the effect of innovation Orientation on organizational performance
1.4 Research Hypothesis:
H01: Innovation Orientation has no significant effect no organizational performance
1.5 Significance of the study:
Managers of the firms will benefit from the study through understanding the best competencies they need for supply
managers. This study will help the researcher to realize the importance of selecting the best supply chain management
competencies. It will help to provide insights to support future research regarding strategic guidance for organizations in
supply management.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1. Resource-Based View Theory:
The study will be guided by resource-based theory developed by Barney (1991). The theory assumes firms are profit-
maximizing entities directed by bounded rational managers operating in distinctive markets that are to a reasonable extent
predictable and moving towards equilibrium (Bromiley & Papenhausen, 2003; Leiblein, 2003). It accepts that
information about the future value of a resource is asymmetrically distributed.
The theory argues that firms are heterogeneous to one another due to possessing some strategic resources and capabilities,
on which consequently competitive advantage is, acquired (Barney, 1991). Thus, competitive advantage is acquired by
accumulating strategic resources and capabilities. The Competence-based Perspective (CBP) explores the development of
core competences as a source of competitive advantage (Prahalad and Hamel, 1990), and argues that core competencies of
a firm are sources of competitive advantage it assumes that unique resources exist at the supply chain level, and that
supply chains can be inimitable competitive weapons.
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2.2 Conceptual Framework:
The study drew its independent variable from Eltantawy (2011) namely; Innovation Orientation which is linked to or
organization national performance of ME. Hence, the figure 2.1 presents the three independent variables against
organizational performance.
Independent Variable (Eltantawy, 2011) Dependent Variable
Figure 2.1 Conceptual Framework
2.2.1The Concept of Organizational Performance:
Richard et al., (2009) defined organizational performance as comprising the actual output or results of an organization as
measured against its intended outputs (or goals and objectives). He mentioned that it is the ability of an organization to
fulfill its mission through sound management, strong governance and a persistent rededication to achieving results. Don
Hee (2011) on the other hand defined organization performance as the analysis of a company‟s success compared to its
profitability. He added that within corporate organizations, there are three primary dimensions analyzed: financial
performance, market performance and shareholder value performance. In some cases, production capacity performance
may be analyzed.
Organizational Performance has been defined as the ability of an organization to fulfill its mission through sound
management, strong governance and a persistent rededication to achieving results. Effective nonprofits are mission-
driven, adaptable, customer-focused, entrepreneurial, outcomes oriented and sustainable. (Bibhuti 2006).
2.2.2Concept of Supply Chain Management Competencies:
Eric (2004) argues that supply chain management executives need to have the competence of expertise at managing
supply chain functions such as transportation, warehousing, inventory management, and production planning. However,
the supply chain process extends end-to-end within the firm and even outside the firm, including the relationships with
suppliers and customers on a global basis.
Leading firms now see the competence of supply chain management functional leader as the necessary executive to
coordinate the end-to-end supply chain process, even though he or she does not control it all. The battle for top supply
chain talent must be focused on acquiring people with process expertise, not simply functional competence. The mental
shift to supply chain-as-a-process leads inevitably to the shift of the role of the supply chain executive from a functional
focus to process focused, and to supply chain leadership becoming part of the executive team. (Marc 2004)
The best talent can only be acquired after it has been identified. To select the right people to oversee the increasingly
pivotal supply chain responsibility, supply chain management must know the blueprint for the “dream” supply chain
leader. These characteristics can be grouped into five key qualities: Global orientation, Systems thinking, Inspiring and
influential leadership, Technical savvy and Superior business skills. (Lincoln 2003)
All senior business executives today need to be globally capable and competent. Global sourcing and global supply
chains have expanded tremendously in recent years, for both retailers and manufacturers. There are few companies that
do not source globally, sell globally, or have competitors that do so. Therefore, supply chain executives must manage, like
never before, an enterprise that extends across continents and must deal effectively with suppliers and customers
worldwide. (John 2005).
Innovation Orientation
The number of new products
New product development
The speed of new product development
Number of new products
leading edge research & development
Organizational performance
Sales growth
Profitability
Return on asset
Number of employees
Market share
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2.3 Empirical Review:
2.3.1Link between Innovation Orientation and Organizational Performance:
Effective supply chain management has become a potentially valuable way of securing competitive advantage and
possessing a major impact on organizational performance both directly along with time-to-market for rapid product
innovation (Helper &Sako, 2010). In the light of Chandler‟s arguments, and theories from organizational economics and
engineering, supply chain management innovations are associated with lean production. Outsourcing means more
production activities, thus, increasing managerial coordination across multiple firms. Helper and Sako (2010) like
Chandler, reflect on the nature of innovation in supply chain management, which includes a rise in mass production and
remains highly relevant today.
Supply chain innovation orientation is important for companies of all sizes. It means looking at the way a company
applies its assets, operating resources, and capabilities to develop new ways to satisfy customer needs. If all these are
done to the fullest then there will be high performance in an organization. Leslie (2006)
Supply chain management provides organizations with a productivity advantage, and value advantage. Productivity
advantage gives a lower cost profile and the value advantage provides the product or offering a differential „plus‟ over
competitive offerings. (Sovereign 2008) It is important to note that it is possible to add more innovation to products and
processes through the maximization of value and cost reduction.
Breaking through the current practices and improving the current efficiency through innovation are the way for a
corporate to face more challenges and adapt to more changes. An innovative organization attaches importance to
creativeness (originality) and innovation changes, and supports its members to pursue new concepts independently (Gazi
et al., .2010). Innovation is a tool of entrepreneurship; and corporate venturing is a pre-requisite for rapid development of
organizations in a global economy. Hence, greater performance in an organization will be achieved (Maritz and Lobo,
2009).
Scott and Bruce (2004) argue that when the members of an organization are conscious of the organizational climate of
innovation, they perceive the organizational support for innovation. Such consciousness influences the occurrence of
innovation behavior. On the other hand, the expectation of the management level on the innovation of the subordinates
also impacts their innovation behavior. Senechal (2004) said that organizational innovation covers four major topics such
as process innovation, function innovation, operation mechanism innovation, and transverse coordination innovation.
3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Explanatory research design was used in the undertaking of this research because it provided rich detail about cases of a
predominantly qualitative in nature (Ball, 1981). The study targeted a population of 244 top management in procurement
drawn from 122 state corporations in Nairobi County. Primary data was gathered from respondents using the
questionnaires as data collection instruments. The study used quantitative method to analyze data. Quantitative data was
analyzed using descriptive statistical method, the statistical tools such as mean, mode and standard deviation was done
using SPSS. Multiple regression analysis was applied to analyze the relationship dependent variable and several
independent variables and test the hypothesis. Regression equation is a function of variables x and β Y = β0 + β1X1 +ε
Where β0 is the intercept, β1 measures change in Y with respect to X1, Where; Y represents organization performance, X1
represents Innovation Orientation and Ε error term
4. DATAANALYSIS, PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF FINDINGS
4.1 Innovation Orientation Information:
The researcher sought to establish the impact of innovation orientation on organizational performance.The findings were
illustrated in table 4.1. From the findings, 90.4% (187) of the respondents strongly agreed that innovative and leading
edge research & development is pursued in their firm. However, a mean of 1.91 indicated that this was not the case.
About the use of the latest technological innovations in new product development, 56.1% (116) of the respondents
affirmed that their firms embraced new technology. However, this was not the case as revealed by a mean of 2.29.In
addition, 74.9% (155) of the respondents affirmed that the speed of new product development is in check. However, a
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mean of 2.17 revealed that this was not the case. Finally, the number of new products the firm has introduced was not
many as evidenced by a mean of 2.34. However, 56.6% (117) of the respondents were of the contrary opinion.
Table 4.1 Innovation Orientation
SA N SD Mean Std. Deviation Skewness
The level of innovative and leading
edge research & development pursues
in your firm.
Freq 187 9 11 1.91 0.698 1.07
% 90.4 4.3 5.3
The use of the latest technological
innovations in new product
development.
Freq 116 83 8 2.29 0.81 -0.145
% 56.1 40.1 3.9
The speed of new product
development.
Freq 155 50 2 2.17 0.587 0.24
% 74.9 24.2 1
The number of new products the firm
has introduced
Freq 117 48 42 2.34 1.107 0.197
% 56.6 23.2 20.3
4.2 Organizational Performance:
The researcher also sought to establish organizational performance. Research findings showed that in the past three years
or since its inception relative to other firms ,their firm has experienced increased sales turn over (mean=3.9). However,
only 26.1% (54) of the respondents affirmed that there has been increased profit margins. Nonetheless, mean of 3.01
showed that this was not the case. In addition, 74.9% (155) of the respondents disagreed that there has been an increase in
the number of employees. However, a mean of 3.78 shows those respondents were in agreement with this assertion.
Additionally, 41% (85) of the respondents affirmed that there has been improved image and reputation as supported by a
mean of 3.69. Finally, 41.1% (85) of the respondents were impartial on whether there has been improved performance as
affirmed by a mean of 3.2.
Table 4.2 Organizational Performance Information on Respondents
4.3 Correlation Statistics:
Pearson Correlations results in table 4.3 showed that innovation orientation was positively and significantly correlated to
organizational performance (r=0.496, ρ<0.01). Thus, innovation orientation had 49.6% positive relationship with
organizational performance. Findings provided enough evidence to suggest that there was linear relationship between
innovation orientation and organizational performance.
In the past three years or since its inception
relative to other firms my firm has experienced SA N SD Mean
Std.
Deviation
Increased sales turn over
Frequency 14 27 166 3.9 0.937
Percent 6.7 13 80.2
Increased profit margins
Frequency 54 93 60 3.01 0.911
Percent 26.1 44.9 29
Frequency 58 66 83 3 1.031
Increase in the number of employees Frequency 35 17 155 3.78 1.11
Percent 16.9 8.2 74.9
Improved image and reputation Frequency 85 29 93 3.69 1.012
Percent 41 14 44.9
Improved overall performance
Frequency 38 85 84 3.2 0.902
Percent 18.3 41.1 40.6
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Table 4.3 Correlation Statistics
organizational performance Innovation orientation
Performance 1
Innovation orientation .496** 1
** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
4.4 Hypothesis Testing:
Hypothesis (Ho1) stated that there is no relationship between innovation orientation and organizational performance.
Findings showed that innovation orientation had coefficients of estimate which was significant basing on β1= 0.153 (p-
value = 0.015 which is less than α = 0.05) implying that we reject the null hypothesis stating that there is no significant
relationship between innovation orientation and organizational performance. This indicates that for each unit increase in
the positive effect of innovation orientation, there is 0.153 units increase in organizational performance. Furthermore, the
effect of innovation orientation was stated by the t-test value =2.456 which implies that the standard error associated with
the parameter is less than the effect of the parameter.
Table 4.4 Coefficient of Estimates
Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients Collinearity Statistics
B Std. Error Beta T Sig. Tolerance VIF
(Constant) -0.438 0.271 -1.615 0.11
Innovation orientation 0.181 0.074 0.15 2.456 0.02 0.666 1.502
Predictor: (Constant), , innovation orientation
Dependent Variable: Organizational performance
Hence, the model developed is as follows. Y = -0.438 + 0.153X1
5. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary of Findings. Innovation Orientation and Organizational Performance:
According to hypothesis statement, innovation orientation has no significant effect on organizational performance (HO1),
research findings show inconsistency with the hypothesis since innovation orientation recorded a beta coefficient (β) of
(0.134, ρ=0.008<0.05), hence, innovation orientation was positively associated with organizational performance.
Therefore, the findings are in agreement with Helper & Sako, (2010) asserting that, in order to secure competitive
advantage, it would be necessary to embrace effective supply chain management so as to have a major impact on
organizational performance both directly along with time-to-market for rapid product innovation.
Further, Helper and Sako (2010) affirmed that innovation in supply chain management leads to a rise in mass production
and remains highly relevant today. Additionally, it is also evident that supply chain innovate on orientation is important
for companies of all sizes. If a company applies its assets, operating resources and develops new ways of satisfying its
customers to the fullest, high performance would be noted in such an organization, Leslie (2006).
According to Harnsen, (2006), researchers in services marketing have realized that innovation strategies particularly
service quality, satisfaction, loyalty, participation in services delivery, lifetime value, services culture, climate, employee
empowerment, hiring, and training services employees, and incentives contributes to a performing organization. The
above assertion is in agreement with the research findings that innovation orientation contributes to organizational
performance. On a similar note, in order for a corporate to face more challenges and adapt to more changes it has practice
innovation.
5.2 Conclusion:
From the study findings, it is evident that innovation orientation has a significant effect on organizational performance.
Organizations that possess high innovation orientations engage in value creation strategies such as market segmentation,
developing new products/services for new markets thus enhancing organizational performance.
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5.3 Recommendation:
From the study findings, it was evident that innovation orientation has an impact on organizational performance. There is
therefore need for firms to use the latest technological innovations in new product development. Further, the speed of new
product development should be hastened and the number of new products that are first to market should be increased in
order to enhance organizational performance
5.4 Suggestions for Further Research:
More research and studies should be carried out to determine other factors that affect organizational performance other
than the ones mentioned. Some of the factors can be those in human capital and spread of technology.
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