This study investigated the effects of parental influence on the sexual behaviors of students in secondary schools in Nyahururu Division, Laikipia County, Kenya. The study found that most parents encouraged their adolescent children to avoid sexual activity. However, parents lacked effective communication skills to effectively discuss sexual matters with their children, making conversations about sex boring and uncomfortable. As a result, over half of students did not find parental discussions helpful for resolving sexual problems. The study recommends that parents adopt more effective communication skills to discuss sexuality in a way that engages their adolescent children.
EFFECT OF PARENTS’ INFLUENCE ON SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR AMONG STUDENTS IN SECONDAR...paperpublications3
Abstract:Increased sexual liberty and early initiation of adolescents into sexual activities have led to irresponsible and risky sexual behaviors among the adolescents. However, regardless of the availability of various sources of information about sexuality and reproduction, the adolescents are yet to adopt safe sexual behaviors. This has raised questions about the effects of parents on sexual behaviors among adolescent students. This study sought to investigate the effects parents' influence on the sexual behaviors among students in secondary schools in Nyahururu Division, Laikipia County. This study adopted an ex post facto research design. A random sample, of 338 respondents, was chosen from the seven randomly selected schools. Data was collected through administration of a structured questionnaire to the selected respondents. The collected data was then processed and analyzed descriptively using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 17 for Windows. The content validity of the research instrument was established by ascertaining that it contained information that answered the research objectives. The instrument was piloted to ensure reliability and it gave a reliability coefficient of 0.82. The study finding indicated that most parents encouraged their adolescent children to have good sexual behaviors. They, however, lacked effective communication skills to pass their good intentions to their adolescent children and thus making their discussions on sexual matters boring and uninteresting. The study recommends the need for parents to adopt effective communication skills that could enable them pass their good sexual intentions to their adolescent children.
Keywords:Parental Influence, Sexual behaviors, Sexual problems, Adolescent, Sex related information, Parent.
Single Fathers Rearing Successful Children and Productive Members of SocietyJudithLhamon
This research paper was done to show proficiency in research analysis and writing. The research topic of single fathers as successful parents was chosen to show that traditional families are not the only way to view family and to study whether fathers can rear successful children in the way that mothers tend to.
School victimization study glbtq implications for adjustmentChristian Spuler
The document summarizes a research article that examines the association between LGBT-related school victimization during adolescence and young adult health and adjustment outcomes. The study found that LGBT school victimization is strongly associated with elevated levels of depression, suicidal ideation, risk of STDs and HIV in young adulthood. In particular, it explains the high rates of depression and suicidal thoughts among young adult males by their experiences of LGBT victimization during middle and high school. The conclusions suggest that reducing LGBT-related victimization in schools would likely lead to significant long-term health benefits and reductions in health disparities for LGBT individuals.
Personality Development: Assessing the Effects of Single Parent Families on S...inventionjournals
Family structures are an important contributor to the physiological and behavioral development of students. It is hypothesized that personality development of students living with single parent is influenced by the type of family structure, parent with whom the child lives with and the amount of time spent by parents with their children. To investigate such influence, this study employed a cross-sectional co-relational research design. A snow ball sampling technique was used to identify respondents for sample. The study used a sample 60 students whereby 50% were from single parent homes and 50% from intact homes. Data was collected by use of questionnaire designed to identify factors that contribute to personality development of students. Personality development was measured using the Big Five dimensions of personality trait parameters namely openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism. The analysis was presented using frequencies, percentages, t-test, independent test and one way ANOVA tests. Statistical Package for Social Sciences was used to aid in generating a summary of results which were represented in tabular form. The findings of the study showed that there was very little influence of family structure on the personality development of the students. The absence of a parent or the interaction and involvement of parents with their children doesn’t have an immense effect on the personality development of the children, thus the amount of time spent by parents with their children doesn’t influence the personality development of students. The results also revealed that the major causes of the existence of single parent families are death and divorce.
Environmental determinants of risky sexual behaviours among secondary school ...Alexander Decker
This study investigated environmental factors influencing risky sexual behaviors among secondary school
adolescents in Nigeria. The researchers surveyed 150 students about behaviors like unprotected sex and
watching pornography. Results showed these behaviors were common and influenced by friends' actions and
watching inappropriate media. Specifically, having friends engaged in risky sex had the strongest influence.
However, males and females reported similar influences. The researchers recommend educating adolescents on
sexual health and discouraging risky behaviors through counseling and informative materials. Overall, the study
found adolescents exhibit risky sexual behaviors influenced by their environment and peers.
This document describes a proposed study examining the relationship between birth order and delinquent behavior in high school students. The study would involve teachers and parents completing surveys rating how frequently each student engages in various delinquent behaviors. Previous research has found mixed results on the relationship between birth order and delinquency, with some studies finding firstborns are most delinquent and others finding middle children are most at risk. The proposed study aims to gather a larger sample size than prior studies to better understand how birth order may influence delinquent behavior.
Strategies for enhancing healthy sexual behaviour among secondary school adol...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that investigated strategies for enhancing healthy sexual behavior among secondary school adolescents in Nigeria. The study found that unhealthy sexual behaviors led to increased rates of unwanted pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases, deaths, and abortions. Strategies identified to promote healthy behaviors included providing sexual education during school assemblies, encouraging emulation of parents' healthy behaviors, discouraging viewing of pornographic films, and displaying information about the harms of unhealthy behaviors. There was no significant difference found between urban and rural adolescents' perceptions of the consequences of unhealthy sexual behaviors.
This study examined how individual, family, and school-level factors influence the age of sexual initiation in adolescents using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Hierarchical linear models were used to predict age of sexual initiation separately for boys and girls. Results found that more favorable attitudes about sex at the school level were associated with younger age of sexual initiation for both boys and girls. The school-level mean parental education also moderated the influence of individual attitudes about sex on age of initiation. Perception of maternal approval and peer approval were the most important predictors of younger age of initiation for boys, while more factors were significant predictors for girls. The findings support the need for school-wide prevention programs that address attitudes
EFFECT OF PARENTS’ INFLUENCE ON SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR AMONG STUDENTS IN SECONDAR...paperpublications3
Abstract:Increased sexual liberty and early initiation of adolescents into sexual activities have led to irresponsible and risky sexual behaviors among the adolescents. However, regardless of the availability of various sources of information about sexuality and reproduction, the adolescents are yet to adopt safe sexual behaviors. This has raised questions about the effects of parents on sexual behaviors among adolescent students. This study sought to investigate the effects parents' influence on the sexual behaviors among students in secondary schools in Nyahururu Division, Laikipia County. This study adopted an ex post facto research design. A random sample, of 338 respondents, was chosen from the seven randomly selected schools. Data was collected through administration of a structured questionnaire to the selected respondents. The collected data was then processed and analyzed descriptively using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 17 for Windows. The content validity of the research instrument was established by ascertaining that it contained information that answered the research objectives. The instrument was piloted to ensure reliability and it gave a reliability coefficient of 0.82. The study finding indicated that most parents encouraged their adolescent children to have good sexual behaviors. They, however, lacked effective communication skills to pass their good intentions to their adolescent children and thus making their discussions on sexual matters boring and uninteresting. The study recommends the need for parents to adopt effective communication skills that could enable them pass their good sexual intentions to their adolescent children.
Keywords:Parental Influence, Sexual behaviors, Sexual problems, Adolescent, Sex related information, Parent.
Single Fathers Rearing Successful Children and Productive Members of SocietyJudithLhamon
This research paper was done to show proficiency in research analysis and writing. The research topic of single fathers as successful parents was chosen to show that traditional families are not the only way to view family and to study whether fathers can rear successful children in the way that mothers tend to.
School victimization study glbtq implications for adjustmentChristian Spuler
The document summarizes a research article that examines the association between LGBT-related school victimization during adolescence and young adult health and adjustment outcomes. The study found that LGBT school victimization is strongly associated with elevated levels of depression, suicidal ideation, risk of STDs and HIV in young adulthood. In particular, it explains the high rates of depression and suicidal thoughts among young adult males by their experiences of LGBT victimization during middle and high school. The conclusions suggest that reducing LGBT-related victimization in schools would likely lead to significant long-term health benefits and reductions in health disparities for LGBT individuals.
Personality Development: Assessing the Effects of Single Parent Families on S...inventionjournals
Family structures are an important contributor to the physiological and behavioral development of students. It is hypothesized that personality development of students living with single parent is influenced by the type of family structure, parent with whom the child lives with and the amount of time spent by parents with their children. To investigate such influence, this study employed a cross-sectional co-relational research design. A snow ball sampling technique was used to identify respondents for sample. The study used a sample 60 students whereby 50% were from single parent homes and 50% from intact homes. Data was collected by use of questionnaire designed to identify factors that contribute to personality development of students. Personality development was measured using the Big Five dimensions of personality trait parameters namely openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism. The analysis was presented using frequencies, percentages, t-test, independent test and one way ANOVA tests. Statistical Package for Social Sciences was used to aid in generating a summary of results which were represented in tabular form. The findings of the study showed that there was very little influence of family structure on the personality development of the students. The absence of a parent or the interaction and involvement of parents with their children doesn’t have an immense effect on the personality development of the children, thus the amount of time spent by parents with their children doesn’t influence the personality development of students. The results also revealed that the major causes of the existence of single parent families are death and divorce.
Environmental determinants of risky sexual behaviours among secondary school ...Alexander Decker
This study investigated environmental factors influencing risky sexual behaviors among secondary school
adolescents in Nigeria. The researchers surveyed 150 students about behaviors like unprotected sex and
watching pornography. Results showed these behaviors were common and influenced by friends' actions and
watching inappropriate media. Specifically, having friends engaged in risky sex had the strongest influence.
However, males and females reported similar influences. The researchers recommend educating adolescents on
sexual health and discouraging risky behaviors through counseling and informative materials. Overall, the study
found adolescents exhibit risky sexual behaviors influenced by their environment and peers.
This document describes a proposed study examining the relationship between birth order and delinquent behavior in high school students. The study would involve teachers and parents completing surveys rating how frequently each student engages in various delinquent behaviors. Previous research has found mixed results on the relationship between birth order and delinquency, with some studies finding firstborns are most delinquent and others finding middle children are most at risk. The proposed study aims to gather a larger sample size than prior studies to better understand how birth order may influence delinquent behavior.
Strategies for enhancing healthy sexual behaviour among secondary school adol...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that investigated strategies for enhancing healthy sexual behavior among secondary school adolescents in Nigeria. The study found that unhealthy sexual behaviors led to increased rates of unwanted pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases, deaths, and abortions. Strategies identified to promote healthy behaviors included providing sexual education during school assemblies, encouraging emulation of parents' healthy behaviors, discouraging viewing of pornographic films, and displaying information about the harms of unhealthy behaviors. There was no significant difference found between urban and rural adolescents' perceptions of the consequences of unhealthy sexual behaviors.
This study examined how individual, family, and school-level factors influence the age of sexual initiation in adolescents using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Hierarchical linear models were used to predict age of sexual initiation separately for boys and girls. Results found that more favorable attitudes about sex at the school level were associated with younger age of sexual initiation for both boys and girls. The school-level mean parental education also moderated the influence of individual attitudes about sex on age of initiation. Perception of maternal approval and peer approval were the most important predictors of younger age of initiation for boys, while more factors were significant predictors for girls. The findings support the need for school-wide prevention programs that address attitudes
A comparative study of levels of self esteem among students of single and dua...Alexander Decker
This study aimed to compare levels of self-esteem among students from single-parent and dual-parent families in selected secondary schools in Nakuru Municipality, Kenya. A sample of 360 students completed a self-esteem questionnaire. An independent t-test found no statistically significant difference in self-esteem levels between the two groups. The study concluded that a student's level of self-esteem depends more on their relationship with parents and school environment rather than family structure alone. It recommended addressing self-esteem holistically for all students rather than focusing on family type.
Perceived influence of sexuality education n the personal social development ...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that investigated the perceived influence of sexuality education on the personal and social development of in-school adolescents in Nigeria. The study found that sexuality education should be taught in areas like moral instruction and science classes. It also found that sexuality education equips adolescents with positive attitudes towards relationships and enhances personal and social development. Finally, the study found no significant differences in perceptions between male and female adolescents or between junior and senior adolescents regarding the influence of sexuality education.
Pedophilia case in the world increased by year, the victim was the child. Pedophilia is a sexual interest to the prepubescent children, reflected in thoughts, fantasies, sexual arousal and behaviour. Pedophile can interact with community, because they can mingle with the community. Pedophilia caused by not supported maturity experience in childhood and traumatic sexual abuse caused by the adult. The traumatic can-not be cured in short term, and may caused psychological disorder for a long term. The sentenced for pedophile in each country usually come with jailed depend on the act of pedophile to the victims, chemical castration, and death sentenced. The prevention of pedophilia case can be solve with; maternalistic parenting integrated with live skill education in elementary school.
THE USE OF SOCIAL NETWORKS ONLINE: A REASON OF INTERGENERATIONAL CONFLICTS?Stella Pedrosa
The document summarizes research on the relationship between teenagers' use of social networks and intergenerational conflicts. The research surveyed over 400 Brazilian students aged 11-19 and found that most described their social media profiles as accurately reflecting their identities. Additionally, teenagers reported being able to manage their social media use and maintain good relationships with their parents, contradicting ideas of intense generational gaps. The study suggests greater parental involvement online may foster greater family harmony rather than conflict.
This document summarizes a study that investigated gender differences in how boys and girls perceive themselves as readers. Some key findings include:
- Girls were more likely than boys to describe themselves as readers and to enjoy reading. However, both boys and girls engaged with a variety of reading materials.
- Girls had more positive perceptions of readers as clever and successful, while boys were more likely to see readers as "geeks".
- Non-reading girls viewed readers quite negatively and were less convinced of reading's importance compared to other activities.
- The study suggests promoting reading role models and a wide variety of materials could help change negative stereotypes for both boys and girls.
This document summarizes a study that examined associations among parenting styles, beliefs about parental authority, and parent-adolescent conflict among Iranian mothers with middle adolescent children. The study found that mothers viewed parental authority as less legitimate for personal issues than for conventional or safety issues. Less educated and poorer mothers tended to have more authoritarian parenting styles and this was associated with more frequent and intense conflicts with their adolescents. Conflicts also occurred more when mothers viewed parental authority as less legitimate for safety issues or more legitimate for personal issues, especially for mothers of boys. Overall, the study found that despite variations in education and social class, conflicts reflected negotiations over boundaries between mothers' authority and adolescents' personal autonomy as they develop into young adults.
This document outlines a research plan to investigate disparities in student achievement in Portland public high schools. The group aims to examine how school demographics like racial composition and socioeconomic class vary between districts. They will analyze data on graduation rates, test scores, class sizes, free lunch eligibility and other factors. Based on literature showing racial gaps in achievement elsewhere, the group hypothesizes that minority students in Portland schools graduate at lower rates than white students. Variables of interest are race as the independent variable and graduation as the dependent variable, accounting for gender and socioeconomic status.
This document examines the effects of media violence on children's health and aggressive behavior in Osun State, Nigeria. It conducted a survey of 150 parents using questionnaires and focus groups to understand the types of media accessed by children, factors influencing aggression, and the relationship between media violence exposure and behavioral imitation. The findings revealed that media violence significantly impacts children's aggression and health. The most common reasons for children's exposure included parental influence, government influence, societal influence, and peer influence. It concludes that curbing children's aggression requires efforts like government regulation of media, parental control, and counseling in schools.
This document summarizes a study examining the relationship between family structure, specifically two-parent families, family income, and educational achievement. The study found that children from two-parent, married, biological families had better educational outcomes compared to children from other family structures, as measured by MEAP test scores. There was a strong correlation between the percentage of two-parent families in a school district and higher MEAP scores. The study also found family income was strongly correlated with MEAP scores. Interviews with teachers reinforced that two-parent families are better able to support children's education due to having more time, resources, and ability to instill important values. While not the only factor, family structure significantly influences students' academic performance and
College Students' Attitude towards Premarital Sex: Implication for Guidance a...AJSERJournal
In many African countries, discussing sexuality still remains a taboo, despite the increasing number of
sexual activities among college students. The study sought to find out college students attitude towards premarital sex
and the implication of guidance and counselling. It was guided by the social learning theory. Using a descriptive survey
design data was collected through personally delivered questionnaire to 452 students who were randomly selected
from middle level colleges in Nakuru County. The questionnaire was validated through piloting in one college outside
Nakuru. Reliability coefficient for questionnaire was estimated through test-retest method and Cronbach’s alpha stood
at R=84. Data was analyzed using qualitative and quantitative data. Study findings indicate that 258 or 57% of the
respondents were liberal about premarital sex and viewed it as a normal act that should not attract criticism. A total of
194 or 43% were conservative and believed that it is against the norms of society and the teachings of the church.
Factors associated with premarital sex, include love, peer pressure, drug abuse and economic factors. Counselling was
seen as the best strategic to handle sex issues, but was not effective due to stigma associated with premarital sex. The
study recommended the college administrators step up strategies to supervise both the social and academic life of the
students. By providing them with information, to make informed consent on sexual matters.
The document summarizes a study on LGBTQ youth and internet use which surveyed over 5,500 teenagers recruited through an online polling panel and GLSEN. Key points:
- 22% identified as gay, lesbian, or queer while 67% identified as straight
- 3% identified as transgender or another gender
- The study aimed to understand challenges in surveying LGBTQ youth due to small population sizes
This study surveyed Location of mothers and child rearing practices as a predictor to juvenile delinquency among primary school pupils in Borno state, Nigeria. The differences between child rearing practice among urban and rural mothers and the nature of delinquencies associated with children of mothers from the different locations were determined. The population of the study was all mothers of delinquent primary school pupils in rural and urban areas of Borno State, Nigeria and their delinquent children. Data was collected from eight hundred mothers in both rural and urban areas and the teachers of their delinquent children. Stratified purposive sampling was used to select the sample. Self-made instrument consisting of 55 items questionnaire and 26 items child delinquency rating scale with Alpha reliability index of 0.89 and 0.93 respectively were used to collect data for the study. Descriptive statistic (simple percentage, mean and standard deviation) and standard step wise multiple regression at alpha level of p<0.05 were used to analyze the data. Result indicated that there were differences in child rearing practices of rural and urban mothers and also differences in the juvenile delinquency associated with children of the different location. There is also positive relationship between child rearing and mother’s location and juvenile delinquency of primary school pupils. It is recommended that Borno State Government should put in place social facilities and security in the rural area as absence of these could result in higher level of physical and social delinquency that is already common among children of the rural women. It is also recommended that a research be further conducted to find out why personal social and physical related delinquency are common among rural children of Borno state, Nigeria.
This study examined perceived positive consequences of teenage childbearing among female adolescents in an urban sample. The researchers developed a Perceived Consequences of Teenage Childbearing (PCTC) scale to measure these perceptions. They administered surveys to 584 female students assessing attitudes, risk behaviors, and PCTC scores. Higher PCTC scores were associated with increased risk of sexual intercourse and unprotected sex. Higher scores also correlated with being Latina, non-native, expecting lower education, low parental monitoring, and wanting many children. The study aimed to understand motivations for risky behavior to inform prevention programs.
This document summarizes a study that investigated differences in academic achievement between male and female college students and whether their early childhood education experiences impacted achievement. The study surveyed 74 male and female students and found mixed support for the hypothesis that gender differences exist in how educational experiences affected achievement. Specifically, it found a statistically significant difference between genders, with more males agreeing that sports-related extracurricular activities during elementary school positively impacted their academic achievement. The implications are that assumptions cannot be made about how gender determines the relationship between early education and later achievement. More research is needed using a larger, randomized national sample and qualitative interviews to better understand this relationship.
Jess Alder (Program Director, Start Strong, Boston Public Health Commission), Nicole Daley (Director of Evaluation and Engagement, One Love Foundation), and Emily F. Rothman, ScD (Professor, Boston University School of Public Health) delved into the topic of whether porn use is a public health problem and highlighted a curriculum they developed for teens to discuss porn, healthy relationships, and sexual violence.
Family Size, Gender, and Birth Order in Brazilannisamedika
This document summarizes a research study that examines the impact of family size on adolescents' education and work in Brazil. It considers how family resources are allocated and whether this varies by gender and birth order. The study uses a twin birth instrumental variable approach and national survey data to address methodological concerns about the joint determination of family size and children's outcomes. While previous research primarily focused on education in developed countries, this study expands outcomes to include work and examines whether effects differ for boys and girls or by birth order.
This document describes a study that examined the relationship between parenting style and risk-taking behaviors. It provides background on previous research showing parenting style influences behaviors. The study aimed to create an inclusive definition of risk-taking behaviors and relate this to parenting styles of permissive, authoritative, and authoritarian based on Baumrind's definitions. The study hypothesized authoritative parenting would relate to lower risk-taking. A survey of 93 participants did not support this hypothesis and found parenting style did not strongly influence risk-taking behaviors.
Research Proposal - Perceived Parenting StylesThomas Epling
This study aims to determine the parenting styles most associated with homelessness by surveying 100 homeless and 100 non-homeless individuals. It will use a validated questionnaire measuring Baumrind's authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive parenting styles. The researcher predicts permissive parenting will be most correlated with homelessness and that significant differences will exist between the two groups' perceived parenting. Findings could help social workers better understand and treat homeless populations.
A PRAGMATIC REVIEW TO STUDY THE ROLE OF VOLUNTEERS IN A NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONpaperpublications3
Abstract: The presence of volunteers in a non-profit organization is considered extremely important. It significantly helps in building the organizational strength of the establishment. Enhanced numbers of volunteers in an organization significantly enhances it reach towards the communities. The review study elaborates the protocols implemented during the phase of advertisements, recruitment and allotment of tasks etc. It also enlightens upon the effective strategies and maneuvers that could be implemented for viable management of the volunteers. The committees are bodies appointed within an organization so as to focus upon different sectors i.e. recruitment, human resource, administration, public relation etc. The responsibilities and duties of the committees and the administrative chair in an organization are also described briefly. The main aim of the review study is to effectively elaborate the role, functioning and importance of a volunteer in a non-profit organization, effectively define its benefits and impact upon the society.
The document discusses different rides and food options available at a funfair, including roller coasters, ferris wheels, water slides, bumper cars, candy floss, doughnuts, and milkshakes. It also contains codes for different routes on highways 40, 101, 41, and 102, along with responses of "any", "no", and "some" that are not clearly defined.
The document provides a list of vocabulary words related to accidents, injuries, and past tense verbs. It includes words like "fell", "slipped", "jumped", "crashed", "sprained", "hit", and "hurt" paired with body parts. It also lists phrases like "bleeding", "ambulance", and presents examples sentences using past progressive tense verbs to describe people's activities in different situations.
Дорожно-транспортные происшествия в г. Магнитогорске с участием несовершеннол...school12mgn
Дорожно-транспортные происшествия в г. Магнитогорске с участием несовершеннолетних участников дорожного движения в период с сентября по декабрь 2016 года
A comparative study of levels of self esteem among students of single and dua...Alexander Decker
This study aimed to compare levels of self-esteem among students from single-parent and dual-parent families in selected secondary schools in Nakuru Municipality, Kenya. A sample of 360 students completed a self-esteem questionnaire. An independent t-test found no statistically significant difference in self-esteem levels between the two groups. The study concluded that a student's level of self-esteem depends more on their relationship with parents and school environment rather than family structure alone. It recommended addressing self-esteem holistically for all students rather than focusing on family type.
Perceived influence of sexuality education n the personal social development ...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that investigated the perceived influence of sexuality education on the personal and social development of in-school adolescents in Nigeria. The study found that sexuality education should be taught in areas like moral instruction and science classes. It also found that sexuality education equips adolescents with positive attitudes towards relationships and enhances personal and social development. Finally, the study found no significant differences in perceptions between male and female adolescents or between junior and senior adolescents regarding the influence of sexuality education.
Pedophilia case in the world increased by year, the victim was the child. Pedophilia is a sexual interest to the prepubescent children, reflected in thoughts, fantasies, sexual arousal and behaviour. Pedophile can interact with community, because they can mingle with the community. Pedophilia caused by not supported maturity experience in childhood and traumatic sexual abuse caused by the adult. The traumatic can-not be cured in short term, and may caused psychological disorder for a long term. The sentenced for pedophile in each country usually come with jailed depend on the act of pedophile to the victims, chemical castration, and death sentenced. The prevention of pedophilia case can be solve with; maternalistic parenting integrated with live skill education in elementary school.
THE USE OF SOCIAL NETWORKS ONLINE: A REASON OF INTERGENERATIONAL CONFLICTS?Stella Pedrosa
The document summarizes research on the relationship between teenagers' use of social networks and intergenerational conflicts. The research surveyed over 400 Brazilian students aged 11-19 and found that most described their social media profiles as accurately reflecting their identities. Additionally, teenagers reported being able to manage their social media use and maintain good relationships with their parents, contradicting ideas of intense generational gaps. The study suggests greater parental involvement online may foster greater family harmony rather than conflict.
This document summarizes a study that investigated gender differences in how boys and girls perceive themselves as readers. Some key findings include:
- Girls were more likely than boys to describe themselves as readers and to enjoy reading. However, both boys and girls engaged with a variety of reading materials.
- Girls had more positive perceptions of readers as clever and successful, while boys were more likely to see readers as "geeks".
- Non-reading girls viewed readers quite negatively and were less convinced of reading's importance compared to other activities.
- The study suggests promoting reading role models and a wide variety of materials could help change negative stereotypes for both boys and girls.
This document summarizes a study that examined associations among parenting styles, beliefs about parental authority, and parent-adolescent conflict among Iranian mothers with middle adolescent children. The study found that mothers viewed parental authority as less legitimate for personal issues than for conventional or safety issues. Less educated and poorer mothers tended to have more authoritarian parenting styles and this was associated with more frequent and intense conflicts with their adolescents. Conflicts also occurred more when mothers viewed parental authority as less legitimate for safety issues or more legitimate for personal issues, especially for mothers of boys. Overall, the study found that despite variations in education and social class, conflicts reflected negotiations over boundaries between mothers' authority and adolescents' personal autonomy as they develop into young adults.
This document outlines a research plan to investigate disparities in student achievement in Portland public high schools. The group aims to examine how school demographics like racial composition and socioeconomic class vary between districts. They will analyze data on graduation rates, test scores, class sizes, free lunch eligibility and other factors. Based on literature showing racial gaps in achievement elsewhere, the group hypothesizes that minority students in Portland schools graduate at lower rates than white students. Variables of interest are race as the independent variable and graduation as the dependent variable, accounting for gender and socioeconomic status.
This document examines the effects of media violence on children's health and aggressive behavior in Osun State, Nigeria. It conducted a survey of 150 parents using questionnaires and focus groups to understand the types of media accessed by children, factors influencing aggression, and the relationship between media violence exposure and behavioral imitation. The findings revealed that media violence significantly impacts children's aggression and health. The most common reasons for children's exposure included parental influence, government influence, societal influence, and peer influence. It concludes that curbing children's aggression requires efforts like government regulation of media, parental control, and counseling in schools.
This document summarizes a study examining the relationship between family structure, specifically two-parent families, family income, and educational achievement. The study found that children from two-parent, married, biological families had better educational outcomes compared to children from other family structures, as measured by MEAP test scores. There was a strong correlation between the percentage of two-parent families in a school district and higher MEAP scores. The study also found family income was strongly correlated with MEAP scores. Interviews with teachers reinforced that two-parent families are better able to support children's education due to having more time, resources, and ability to instill important values. While not the only factor, family structure significantly influences students' academic performance and
College Students' Attitude towards Premarital Sex: Implication for Guidance a...AJSERJournal
In many African countries, discussing sexuality still remains a taboo, despite the increasing number of
sexual activities among college students. The study sought to find out college students attitude towards premarital sex
and the implication of guidance and counselling. It was guided by the social learning theory. Using a descriptive survey
design data was collected through personally delivered questionnaire to 452 students who were randomly selected
from middle level colleges in Nakuru County. The questionnaire was validated through piloting in one college outside
Nakuru. Reliability coefficient for questionnaire was estimated through test-retest method and Cronbach’s alpha stood
at R=84. Data was analyzed using qualitative and quantitative data. Study findings indicate that 258 or 57% of the
respondents were liberal about premarital sex and viewed it as a normal act that should not attract criticism. A total of
194 or 43% were conservative and believed that it is against the norms of society and the teachings of the church.
Factors associated with premarital sex, include love, peer pressure, drug abuse and economic factors. Counselling was
seen as the best strategic to handle sex issues, but was not effective due to stigma associated with premarital sex. The
study recommended the college administrators step up strategies to supervise both the social and academic life of the
students. By providing them with information, to make informed consent on sexual matters.
The document summarizes a study on LGBTQ youth and internet use which surveyed over 5,500 teenagers recruited through an online polling panel and GLSEN. Key points:
- 22% identified as gay, lesbian, or queer while 67% identified as straight
- 3% identified as transgender or another gender
- The study aimed to understand challenges in surveying LGBTQ youth due to small population sizes
This study surveyed Location of mothers and child rearing practices as a predictor to juvenile delinquency among primary school pupils in Borno state, Nigeria. The differences between child rearing practice among urban and rural mothers and the nature of delinquencies associated with children of mothers from the different locations were determined. The population of the study was all mothers of delinquent primary school pupils in rural and urban areas of Borno State, Nigeria and their delinquent children. Data was collected from eight hundred mothers in both rural and urban areas and the teachers of their delinquent children. Stratified purposive sampling was used to select the sample. Self-made instrument consisting of 55 items questionnaire and 26 items child delinquency rating scale with Alpha reliability index of 0.89 and 0.93 respectively were used to collect data for the study. Descriptive statistic (simple percentage, mean and standard deviation) and standard step wise multiple regression at alpha level of p<0.05 were used to analyze the data. Result indicated that there were differences in child rearing practices of rural and urban mothers and also differences in the juvenile delinquency associated with children of the different location. There is also positive relationship between child rearing and mother’s location and juvenile delinquency of primary school pupils. It is recommended that Borno State Government should put in place social facilities and security in the rural area as absence of these could result in higher level of physical and social delinquency that is already common among children of the rural women. It is also recommended that a research be further conducted to find out why personal social and physical related delinquency are common among rural children of Borno state, Nigeria.
This study examined perceived positive consequences of teenage childbearing among female adolescents in an urban sample. The researchers developed a Perceived Consequences of Teenage Childbearing (PCTC) scale to measure these perceptions. They administered surveys to 584 female students assessing attitudes, risk behaviors, and PCTC scores. Higher PCTC scores were associated with increased risk of sexual intercourse and unprotected sex. Higher scores also correlated with being Latina, non-native, expecting lower education, low parental monitoring, and wanting many children. The study aimed to understand motivations for risky behavior to inform prevention programs.
This document summarizes a study that investigated differences in academic achievement between male and female college students and whether their early childhood education experiences impacted achievement. The study surveyed 74 male and female students and found mixed support for the hypothesis that gender differences exist in how educational experiences affected achievement. Specifically, it found a statistically significant difference between genders, with more males agreeing that sports-related extracurricular activities during elementary school positively impacted their academic achievement. The implications are that assumptions cannot be made about how gender determines the relationship between early education and later achievement. More research is needed using a larger, randomized national sample and qualitative interviews to better understand this relationship.
Jess Alder (Program Director, Start Strong, Boston Public Health Commission), Nicole Daley (Director of Evaluation and Engagement, One Love Foundation), and Emily F. Rothman, ScD (Professor, Boston University School of Public Health) delved into the topic of whether porn use is a public health problem and highlighted a curriculum they developed for teens to discuss porn, healthy relationships, and sexual violence.
Family Size, Gender, and Birth Order in Brazilannisamedika
This document summarizes a research study that examines the impact of family size on adolescents' education and work in Brazil. It considers how family resources are allocated and whether this varies by gender and birth order. The study uses a twin birth instrumental variable approach and national survey data to address methodological concerns about the joint determination of family size and children's outcomes. While previous research primarily focused on education in developed countries, this study expands outcomes to include work and examines whether effects differ for boys and girls or by birth order.
This document describes a study that examined the relationship between parenting style and risk-taking behaviors. It provides background on previous research showing parenting style influences behaviors. The study aimed to create an inclusive definition of risk-taking behaviors and relate this to parenting styles of permissive, authoritative, and authoritarian based on Baumrind's definitions. The study hypothesized authoritative parenting would relate to lower risk-taking. A survey of 93 participants did not support this hypothesis and found parenting style did not strongly influence risk-taking behaviors.
Research Proposal - Perceived Parenting StylesThomas Epling
This study aims to determine the parenting styles most associated with homelessness by surveying 100 homeless and 100 non-homeless individuals. It will use a validated questionnaire measuring Baumrind's authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive parenting styles. The researcher predicts permissive parenting will be most correlated with homelessness and that significant differences will exist between the two groups' perceived parenting. Findings could help social workers better understand and treat homeless populations.
A PRAGMATIC REVIEW TO STUDY THE ROLE OF VOLUNTEERS IN A NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONpaperpublications3
Abstract: The presence of volunteers in a non-profit organization is considered extremely important. It significantly helps in building the organizational strength of the establishment. Enhanced numbers of volunteers in an organization significantly enhances it reach towards the communities. The review study elaborates the protocols implemented during the phase of advertisements, recruitment and allotment of tasks etc. It also enlightens upon the effective strategies and maneuvers that could be implemented for viable management of the volunteers. The committees are bodies appointed within an organization so as to focus upon different sectors i.e. recruitment, human resource, administration, public relation etc. The responsibilities and duties of the committees and the administrative chair in an organization are also described briefly. The main aim of the review study is to effectively elaborate the role, functioning and importance of a volunteer in a non-profit organization, effectively define its benefits and impact upon the society.
The document discusses different rides and food options available at a funfair, including roller coasters, ferris wheels, water slides, bumper cars, candy floss, doughnuts, and milkshakes. It also contains codes for different routes on highways 40, 101, 41, and 102, along with responses of "any", "no", and "some" that are not clearly defined.
The document provides a list of vocabulary words related to accidents, injuries, and past tense verbs. It includes words like "fell", "slipped", "jumped", "crashed", "sprained", "hit", and "hurt" paired with body parts. It also lists phrases like "bleeding", "ambulance", and presents examples sentences using past progressive tense verbs to describe people's activities in different situations.
Дорожно-транспортные происшествия в г. Магнитогорске с участием несовершеннол...school12mgn
Дорожно-транспортные происшествия в г. Магнитогорске с участием несовершеннолетних участников дорожного движения в период с сентября по декабрь 2016 года
This thesis investigates the molecular pathogenesis of spondyloarthritis (SpA) by examining the cellular alarmins heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) and interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α). The first study analyzed antibodies against human and bacterial HSP60 in SpA patient serum samples and found that anti-human HSP60 antibodies correlated with disease parameters and were predominantly IgG3, while anti-bacterial HSP60 antibodies were predominantly IgG1. The second study followed up on the same patients after 4 years but found no correlation between antibody levels and disease progression due to low participation. The third study developed a flow cytometric assay to examine IL-1α kinetics in LPS-stimulated human macrophages and
This document appears to be notes or exercises from an English grammar lesson. It includes examples of sentences using the past progressive tense to describe two actions happening simultaneously or an interruption by an action in the past simple. There are also transformation exercises changing sentences from using "while" to "when" and vice versa. Tables practice converting verbs from present to past tense. Short comprehension questions follow about a story that is not described in the document.
Dokumen tersebut memberikan penjelasan singkat tentang tiga bangun ruang: kubus, balok, dan tabung. Kubus memiliki 6 sisi berbentuk persegi yang sama besar, balok dibatasi oleh 6 persegi panjang dengan 3 ukuran berbeda, sedangkan tabung memiliki alas dan atap berbentuk lingkaran.
The document outlines the responsibilities of a Project Manager which include:
1) Managing projects from initiation through completion while ensuring quality standards and meeting client expectations.
2) Coordinating internal and external operational demands including vendors, organizers, and broadcasters.
3) Implementing broadcast solutions on budget and distributing information to clients and internal teams.
4) Coordinating logistics and responding to client requests and needs during events.
Counter Terrorism and the Protection of Human Rights in the Perspective of th...paperpublications3
Abstract: In lay man’s language, terrorism is the spread of terror through the use of guns, bombs, chemical weapons or any other form of violent, coercive, ambush. Counter Terrorism, on the other hand, is to retaliate and put a check to it is what we know and address terrorism. At the UN level, the international community has adopted a number of international treaties that are designed to combat specific types of terrorism, such as the hijacking of aircrafts. However, till date there has been no agreement on a definition of terrorism. The recent attempt by the UN to define terrorism in UN General Assembly Report (28 January - 1 February) has been criticized for its lack of precision.
Bestway Consultancy is a manpower recruiting firm based in Bangalore, India that started in 2014 and has since expanded to supplying workers to Gulf countries. The company screens candidates, maintains a large database of qualified workers, and provides training and travel arrangements. Bestway's mission is to train skilled professionals to meet client expectations, with a vision of becoming a leading global provider of competitive workforces. They recruit for industries such as oil and gas, construction, healthcare, and more.
This document summarizes the design, fabrication, and testing of novel dental composite filler materials with improved mechanical properties. The author developed two composite structures - a single-layer composite with 10.7vol% zirconia filler and a stepped composite with 0% and 21.4% zirconia layers. Both structures were tested for flexural strength, strain, and modulus. Testing showed the single-layer 10.7% composite had higher strength and strain than the stepped composite. The author concludes the singular 10.7% composite structure has more desirable mechanical properties and is a better alternative to current dental fillings.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against developing mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
This document describes a model developed to predict the optimal reaction temperature of an industrial fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit riser. A pseudo-homogeneous two-dimensional model was developed using a five-lump reaction scheme. Mass transfer resistance was incorporated to improve accuracy over previous one-dimensional plug flow models. Finite difference methods were used to discretize the governing equations which were then solved using MATLAB. Simulation results identified three temperature regimes for catalyst coking. An optimum temperature range of 786K-788K and catalyst-to-oil ratio range of 4.60-4.71 were predicted to minimize coke on catalyst without reducing gasoline yield.
Parents' attitudes significantly impact how they fulfill their parental roles and children's development in Uganda. Traditionally, fathers are viewed as the head of the household and decision-makers, while mothers are responsible for childrearing and domestic duties. This attitude favors sons and discourages the development of daughters. Changing social norms are challenging this view, but it remains entrenched in many communities. For children to thrive, both parents must be equally involved in caring for their physical, emotional, and intellectual needs, through open communication, quality time, and serving as positive role models.
This document discusses how gender affects parenting and child development. It notes that with more women working, children are spending more time with other caregivers, potentially impacting gender development. The family is the starting point for children to develop gender stereotypes, which can influence later career goals. Parents unconsciously pass on their own views of gender through their interactions with children based on gender. The author conducted a small survey finding mothers spend more time on schoolwork and childcare while fathers were more satisfied with the parent-child relationship, demonstrating how gender influences parenting roles and child development.
A comparative study of levels of self esteem among students of single and dua...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a research study that aimed to compare levels of self-esteem among students from single-parent and dual-parent families in selected secondary schools in Nakuru Municipality, Kenya. The study involved a sample of 360 students who completed a self-esteem questionnaire. The results indicated that there was no statistically significant difference in self-esteem levels between students from single-parent and dual-parent families. This suggests that a student's self-esteem depends more on other factors like the parent-child relationship and school environment rather than family structure alone. The study recommends addressing self-esteem issues from a holistic perspective for all students.
! 1Unraveling Juvenile Delinquency in Ventura County, Calif.docxmayank272369
! 1
Unraveling Juvenile Delinquency in Ventura County, California
A Case Study of Youth in the City of Oxnard, CA
XXXXX
! 2
Unraveling Juvenile Delinquency in Ventura County, California
Literature Review
Background of Study
There have been several studies conducted on juvenile delinquency in recent years.
Different factors have been studied to determine what causes youth to become involved in
delinquency, in order to create early intervention programs for those individuals in hopes of
steering them away from delinquency. There is good evidence that early interventions in
childhood (e.g., nurse home visiting, preschool intellectual enrichment programs, and parent
management training) are effective in preventing delinquency (Loeber,Farrington, and Petechuk,
2013). Fomby and Sennott (2013) hypothesized that where family structure transitions are
related to changes in residences and school enrollments, youth will be more likely to develop
negative peer networks that are associated with a higher likelihood of problem behavior. Here,
changes in the family structure can have a negative impact on the youth’s behavior. Schroeder,
Osgood, and Oghia (2010) state that family structure transitions can be detrimental to children’s
well-being and family functioning and have the potential to contribute to juvenile delinquency.
Studying family structure is an important factor in order to determine what in that factor causes
youth to become involved with delinquency.
Data has shown that a substantial proportion of children now spend time in single or
cohabiting parent households and these households tend to be less stable than marriages (Fomby
and Sennott, 2013). As a result, much of the effect of family instability on children and
adolescent behavior has been attributed to economic stress and changes in parenting behavior
(Fomby and Sennot, 2013) after a change in family structure. In addition, according to Theobald,
Farrington, and Piquero (2012), conflict between parents can also have deleterious effects on the
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Unraveling Juvenile Delinquency in Ventura County, California
children where they can experience inconsistent parenting, reduce affection and warmth, and
reduced supervision, all which have been found to be predictive of late delinquency.
Economic stress can also be an indicator why youth become delinquent. It has always
been assumed that youth who have low socioeconomic status are more vulnerable to be involved
in delinquent acts. Agnew, Matthews, Bucher, Welcher, and Keyes (2008) explain that these
youth experience frustration with their status and as a result may turn to delinquency to achieve
economic success, to make themselves feel better, to seek revenge against those who frustrate
them or to achieve status in the eyes of their peers. Economic stress can also be triggered by the
neighborhood these youth reside in. As stated by Sampson (1986), lower class areas ...
The adolescent stage is a period of turmoil marked with enormous vibrancy, discovery, innovation and hope and also the time when many of them initiate sexual relationships and involvement. This can be a challenging time for young people who are becoming aware of their sexual and reproductive rights and needs, and who rely on their families, peers, schools, media and health service providers for affirmation, advice, information and the skills to navigate is sometimes a difficult transition to adulthood. The subject on sex has been surrounded by mystery and beclouded by dark silence as neither parents nor teachers are ready to discuss it with teenagers despite unplanned pregnancies, dropping out of school by students, Sexually Transmitted Infections among teenagers. The study investigated influence of teen contraceptive use) on academic achievement among public secondary school students in Bungoma South Sub-County, Kenya. The study adopted Albert Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory postulated in 1986. A descriptive research design was used with target population of 3774 Form 3 students. A sample of 400 students was selected using, Miller, L.R. & Brewer, J.D. (2003) mathematical formula and stratified randomly from 52 schools and conveniently selected equally between boys and girls. Data was collected using structured interview schedule and questionnaire and analyzed descriptively. Results highlights most students were aware about contraceptive use with females slightly more than males and media was the major source of information on contraceptive use while parents/guardians had no significant contribution since teenagers rarely receive their first information on sexual matters from their parents. More than half of the sexually active students used contraceptives though it still interfered with their academic performance. This paper points at sex education curriculum in schools, setting up reproductive health institutions for the youth and distribution of contraceptives among teenagers which has a bearing on students’ performance.
This document summarizes research on the relationship between college-aged youngest siblings and their older siblings. It reviewed literature showing that birth order impacts how siblings interact and the roles they take on. Research found that youngest siblings often feel closer to their mothers than other siblings and value support from their older siblings. The purpose of the study was to understand how these relationships change as siblings age by interviewing college students about their relationships with older siblings.
A Qualitative Case Study The Lived Educational Experiences of Former Juvenil...Erica Thompson
1) The document summarizes previous research on the lived educational experiences of former juvenile delinquents. It discusses how qualitative research methods can provide insight into these experiences in a way that quantitative studies cannot.
2) The review of literature found links between juvenile delinquency and factors like family structure, parenting styles, peer associations, and negative experiences in education settings. Research suggests these experiences may influence whether youth engage in delinquent behaviors.
3) The study aimed to use qualitative interviews to examine the educational experiences of former delinquents and how those experiences impacted their lives, with the goal of better understanding and preventing juvenile misbehavior.
Contents lists available at ScienceDirectJournal of Adoles.docxmaxinesmith73660
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Journal of Adolescence
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/adolescence
Young adolescents’ responsiveness to sexual communication with
their mother: Distinguishing diverse intentions
Heather A. Sears∗, Brett S. Robinson1, E. Sandra Byers
Department of Psychology, University of New Brunswick, P.O. Box 4400, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada
A R T I C L E I N F O
Keywords:
Responsiveness
Intentions
Sexual communication
Young adolescents
Mothers
A B S T R A C T
Introduction: It is unlikely that parents can have effective sexuality discussions with their ado-
lescent if the adolescent is not responsive to their efforts. We evaluated young adolescents’ in-
tentions of being responsive to sexual communication with their mother and whether youths who
were likely, ambivalent, or unlikely to be responsive differed on their characteristics, features of
previous sexual communication, and features of the mother-adolescent relationship.
Methods: Participants were 259 Canadian adolescents (12–14 years; 53% girls) who received and
returned a survey by mail. They completed measures of responsiveness intentions, expected
outcomes of sexual communication, extent of past sexual communication, the frequency with
which mothers encouraged questions and provided information about sexuality topics, open
communication, and mothers’ provision of warmth, structure, and autonomy support.
Results: We found that 37% of adolescents were likely to be responsive to sexual communication
with their mother, 34% were ambivalent, and 29% were unlikely to be responsive. Youths’ re-
sponsiveness intentions were general rather than topic-specific. A discriminant analysis showed
that only features of previous sexual communication separated all three groups whereas specific
mother-adolescent relationship features (open communication and structure) and one adolescent
characteristic (expected outcomes) separated the unlikely group from the other groups.
Conclusions: Young adolescents' intentions of being responsive to sexual communication from
their mother are diverse yet general in nature. Mothers' engagement in sexual communication
appears essential for youths' openness to these discussions. Enhancing specific mother-adolescent
relationship features and youths’ outcome expectations may shift adolescents who are resistant to
sexuality discussions to being more sure.
1. Introduction
Communication between parents and their adolescents about sexual health topics has the potential to be a win-win situation for
both parties. For parents, sexual communication is an opportunity to fulfill one of their acknowledged responsibilities by providing
information that can prevent negative sexual outcomes and sharing attitudes and values (Flores & Barroso, 2017; Jerman &
Constantine, 2010). For adolescents, sexual communication is an opportunity to gain factual information and practical skills from one
of their preferred sources of sexu.
Contents lists available at ScienceDirectJournal of Adoles.docxdickonsondorris
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Journal of Adolescence
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/adolescence
Young adolescents’ responsiveness to sexual communication with
their mother: Distinguishing diverse intentions
Heather A. Sears∗, Brett S. Robinson1, E. Sandra Byers
Department of Psychology, University of New Brunswick, P.O. Box 4400, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada
A R T I C L E I N F O
Keywords:
Responsiveness
Intentions
Sexual communication
Young adolescents
Mothers
A B S T R A C T
Introduction: It is unlikely that parents can have effective sexuality discussions with their ado-
lescent if the adolescent is not responsive to their efforts. We evaluated young adolescents’ in-
tentions of being responsive to sexual communication with their mother and whether youths who
were likely, ambivalent, or unlikely to be responsive differed on their characteristics, features of
previous sexual communication, and features of the mother-adolescent relationship.
Methods: Participants were 259 Canadian adolescents (12–14 years; 53% girls) who received and
returned a survey by mail. They completed measures of responsiveness intentions, expected
outcomes of sexual communication, extent of past sexual communication, the frequency with
which mothers encouraged questions and provided information about sexuality topics, open
communication, and mothers’ provision of warmth, structure, and autonomy support.
Results: We found that 37% of adolescents were likely to be responsive to sexual communication
with their mother, 34% were ambivalent, and 29% were unlikely to be responsive. Youths’ re-
sponsiveness intentions were general rather than topic-specific. A discriminant analysis showed
that only features of previous sexual communication separated all three groups whereas specific
mother-adolescent relationship features (open communication and structure) and one adolescent
characteristic (expected outcomes) separated the unlikely group from the other groups.
Conclusions: Young adolescents' intentions of being responsive to sexual communication from
their mother are diverse yet general in nature. Mothers' engagement in sexual communication
appears essential for youths' openness to these discussions. Enhancing specific mother-adolescent
relationship features and youths’ outcome expectations may shift adolescents who are resistant to
sexuality discussions to being more sure.
1. Introduction
Communication between parents and their adolescents about sexual health topics has the potential to be a win-win situation for
both parties. For parents, sexual communication is an opportunity to fulfill one of their acknowledged responsibilities by providing
information that can prevent negative sexual outcomes and sharing attitudes and values (Flores & Barroso, 2017; Jerman &
Constantine, 2010). For adolescents, sexual communication is an opportunity to gain factual information and practical skills from one
of their preferred sources of sexu.
Perceived influence of sexuality education n the personal social development ...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that investigated the perceived influence of sexuality education on the personal and social development of in-school adolescents in Nigeria. The study found that sexuality education should be taught in areas like moral instruction and science classes. It also found that sexuality education equips adolescents with positive attitudes towards relationships and enhances personal and social development. Finally, the study found no significant differences in perceptions between male and female adolescents or between junior and senior adolescents regarding the influence of sexuality education.
Perceived influence of sexuality education n the personal social development ...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that investigated the perceived influence of sexuality education on the personal-social development of in-school adolescents in Nigeria. The study found that sexuality education should be covered in many areas like human anatomy, relationships, and abstinence. It is currently taught through classes like biology and guidance programs. The study also found that sexuality education equips adolescents with positive attitudes towards relationships and enhances their personal-social development. There were some differences found between male and female adolescents in their perceptions but not between junior and senior students. The study recommends expanding sexuality education in schools.
Running head What factors affect the quality of our relationships.docxrtodd599
Running head: What factors affect the quality of our relationships?
WHAT FACTORS AFFECT THE QUALITY OF OUR RELATIONSHIPS?
1
What factors affect the quality of our relationships?(Autumn R. Scrivens)University of West Georgia
Abstract
Risky attachment styles are behaviors that are high risk and enacted by an impulse that can eventually lead to engaging in sexual acts with a person who has a sexually transmitted infection/ disease or someone who is at risk of becoming pregnant. Girls who grew up in a two-parent household or one parent household but the father was present during adolescent years have shown to engage in less risky attachment styles; whereas girls who grew up without a father figure or a non-parent household have shown to engage in riskier attachment styles such as avoidant and insecure/ambivalent styles. Past research experiences shows’ evidence that the impact of a fatherly figure can affect how young girls choose their relationships but this impact was not as definite in young males. Because the research is so biased, the following research identifies the factors that affect the quality of our relationships based on the impact of a fatherly figure and how this impact affects young girls' attachment styles when in a relationship. Finally, I offer implications for this research from a social and psychological aspect.
Keywords: attachment styles, relationships, Introduction
The factors that affect the quality of our relationships provides researchers with a qualitative framework for the understanding of the overall effects of the parental figure being a part of the development of the child; and how this development affects how young ladies and men get involved in quality relationships. These factors also give researchers the opportunity to understand how the emotional and physical relationship between a father and daughter affect how the daughters that did not grow up with healthy paternal relationships have underlying sexual factors and attachment styles. The significance of this research is to identify which factors from various upbringing whether being one parent, two-parent, or care system household affect the quality of our relationships. Furthermore, this research will explain what our upbringing says about those who we enter relationships with or keep in our life. At this stage in the research, the factors that define the quality of relationships for young ladies and men between the ages of 15 to 24 are scarce. Some deficiencies within each article in regards to research between the physical and emotional bond are described as strong emotional bonds and a need for a consistent partner but there were no articles that related to emotional development and how fathers play a major part in this development. Because of these various deficiencies, by using qualitative methods during my research I hope to explore the emotional and physical bond between a father and daughter while using personal experiences and various.
CCC Hook Ups Among the Youths and Adolescents Discussion.docxwrite12
This document discusses trends in casual sexual behavior, known as "hooking up", among adolescents and young adults. It finds that while most teens have their first sexual experience in a dating relationship, over 60% will eventually have sex with someone they are not dating. College students often participate in hook ups, with over half of men and a third of women reporting intercourse from a hook up. Psychological factors like low self-esteem and unrestrictive personalities correlate with increased hook up behavior. Various risks can arise from hook ups like STIs, unplanned pregnancy, and negative psychological effects. Education on relationships and preventative measures from families can help address these issues.
CCC Hook Ups Among the Youths and Adolescents Discussion.docxsdfghj21
This document discusses trends in casual sexual behavior, known as "hooking up", among adolescents and young adults. It finds that while most teens have their first sexual experience in a dating relationship, over 60% will eventually have sex with someone they are not dating. College students frequently report experiences hooking up, ranging from kissing to sexual intercourse. Psychological factors like low self-esteem are linked to increased hooking up behavior. Potential consequences of casual sex include sexually transmitted infections, unplanned pregnancy, and negative effects on psychological well-being. Education on relationships and preventative measures by families can help protect young people.
Socio –Cultural Norms and Their Influence on the Practice of Child Marriage. ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : The aim of the study was to explore how socio –cultural norms influence the practice of child
marriage. A clear understanding of the problem of child marriage is essential to understand the proliferation of
the practice in Rushinga District that stands at 50 percent. The theory used to explore the practice is the Social
Norms Theory by Bicchaerri (2006). The premise of the theory looks closely at social cultural factors and how
they influence the practice of child marriage thus, the practice is embedded in the social structures in the
families and communities. For instance, the desirable age of marriage and conformity to practice of child
marriage is rooted in community values and social expectations. The study used qualitative case study approach
and the advantage is that the empirical inquiry of a phenomenon is done within its real-life context. Of critical
importance to this study is that the case study method is particularly suitable for answering questions that start
with how, who and why with regard to prevalence of child marriages in communities. The study reveals that
child marriage practice is embedded in the social interactions and how communities deal with issues such as
poverty. For instance, marriage entails bride price payment which becomes a livelihood option for a family in
dire straits. Consequently, child brides‟ lives are entangled in abusive relationships embedded in the norms
surrounding masculinity in families. The panaceas identified in the study end the practice of child marriage
include the provision of educational opportunities for girls as well as advocacy and dialoguing with opinion
leaders.
KEY TERMS: child marriage, norms, initiation ceremony.
Parent child communication and adolescent sexual behaviour among the yoruba e...Alexander Decker
This document discusses parent-child communication about sexual matters among the Yoruba ethnic group in Nigeria. It finds that communication on sexual topics was traditionally considered taboo and discussed indirectly or through euphemisms. As a result, many parents provide little guidance to adolescents on sexuality. The study surveyed 588 adolescents and found that males were more likely to report their first sexual experience was by choice, while females often felt forced. It concludes that improving open communication between parents and children on sexuality could help promote healthier decisions by adolescents.
Parent child communication and adolescent sexual behaviour among the yoruba e...Alexander Decker
This document discusses parent-child communication about sexual matters among the Yoruba ethnic group in Nigeria. It finds that communication on sexual topics was traditionally considered taboo and discussed indirectly or through euphemisms. As a result, many parents provide little guidance to adolescents on sexuality. The study surveyed 588 adolescents and found that males were more likely to report their first sexual experience was by choice, while females often felt forced. It concludes that improving open communication between parents and children on sexuality could help promote healthier decisions by adolescents.
Parent child communication and adolescent sexual behaviour among the yoruba e...Alexander Decker
This document discusses parent-child communication about sexual matters among the Yoruba ethnic group in Nigeria. It finds that communication on sexual topics was traditionally considered taboo and discussed indirectly or through euphemisms. As a result, many parents provide little guidance to adolescents on sexuality. The study surveyed 588 adolescents and found that males were more likely to report their first sexual experience was by choice, while females often felt forced. It concludes that improving open communication between parents and children on sexuality could help promote healthier decisions by adolescents.
Beyond the Birds and the Bees: Adolescent Sex-Based Communication Daniella Singleton
This document provides an abstract and literature review for a proposed study on sex-based communication between adolescents and parents. The study aims to examine the frequency, directness, basis, and effectiveness of such communication from both the parent and adolescent perspectives. The literature review discusses factors that influence sex-based communication such as self-efficacy, ethnicity, gender, and religion. It also outlines variables like comfort levels with the topic and specific content discussed. The proposed study hypothesizes that more frequent and direct communication about sex that is less based on gender stereotypes will lead to more educated decisions by adolescents. The method section proposes using ratio scales to measure the key variables and conducting a cross-sectional survey of parents and adolescents in Lancaster,
RUNNING HEADER COURSE PROJECT – INTRODUCTION AND REFERENCES1.docxagnesdcarey33086
RUNNING HEADER: COURSE PROJECT – INTRODUCTION AND REFERENCES 1
COURSE PROJECT – INTRODUCTION AND REFERENCES 2
Paper Week 06
Course Project – Introduction and References
Tania Hoffman
Rasmussen College
Author Note
This paper is being submitted November 16, 2014 for Cari Beecham-Bautista, M.A. G142/SYG1000 Section 14 Introduction to Sociology.
Course Project – Introduction and References
We all want the best for our children and the children around us. The children in today’s society are the adults in tomorrow’s society. I have three children at home myself with a very supportive husband and family and friends around me. All three children have different attitudes and different behavioral issues that need addressing on a daily basis. You see the children out on the street, see the news and crimes happening all around us and don’t you wonder what is going on and why? Asking yourself, where are the parents!? I know I am guilty of just that.
Sociologists have become increasingly concerned with the ways in which families shaped children’s development and overall well-being. Sociologist’s examine the timing and duration of mothers’ poverty, single motherhood, welfare, employment, and kin coresidence through early and middle childhood. Child behavior problems are shaped by poverty and kin coresidence in early and middle childhood, and by parents use of physical punishment. Data was used on mothers and children from the NLSY, which showed strong demands of data, and provided strong tests of relationships.
A child’s behavior problems are a very important aspect of children development because it could be implicated in later adult outcomes. For example child temper tantrums could lead to later problems in life such as downward occupational mobility, erratic work lives, and divorce and separation (Caspi, Elder, and Bem 1987). Child development research find continuity between early behavior problems and later antisocial behavior (Olweus 1979; Loeber 1982), while criminological research finds continuity between behavior problems and later delinquency and crime (Farrington 1986; White et al. 1990). Such offenders in turn are more likely to suffer adult problems like joblessness, poverty, violence, and imprisonment (Nagin, Farrington, and Moffitt 1995; Farrington 1989; Hagan 1991).
Through the research in child psychology it has been determined that coercive or authoritarian control based upon force, threat, or physical punishment of children is ineffective in controlling and shaping children. What has been proved effective is inductive or authoritative control based upon reasoning, explaining, and understanding (Baumrind 1978; Boronfenbrenner 1979; Rollins and Thomas 1979).
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EFFECT OF PARENTS’ INFLUENCE ON SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR AMONG STUDENTS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS, NYAHURURU DIVISION, LAIKIPIA COUNTY, KENYA
1. International Journal of Recent Research in Social Sciences and Humanities (IJRRSSH), ISSN 2349-7831
Vol. 1, Issue 2, pp: (7-11), Month: July 2014 - September 2014, Available at: www.paperpublications.org
Page | 7
Paper Publications
EFFECT OF PARENTS’ INFLUENCE ON
SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR AMONG STUDENTS
IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS, NYAHURURU
DIVISION, LAIKIPIA COUNTY, KENYA
1
KINGORI, 2
WAWERU, 3
DR. KINGORI I.W
1, 2, 3
DEPARTMENT OF COUNSELLING, PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION FOUNDATION, LAIKIPIA
UNIVERSITY, KENYA
Abstract: Increased sexual liberty and early initiation of adolescents into sexual activities have led to irresponsible
and risky sexual behaviors among the adolescents. However, regardless of the availability of various sources of
information about sexuality and reproduction, the adolescents are yet to adopt safe sexual behaviors. This has
raised questions about the effects of parents on sexual behaviors among adolescent students. This study sought to
investigate the effects parents' influence on the sexual behaviors among students in secondary schools in
Nyahururu Division, Laikipia County. This study adopted an ex post facto research design. A random sample, of
338 respondents, was chosen from the seven randomly selected schools. Data was collected through administration
of a structured questionnaire to the selected respondents. The collected data was then processed and analyzed
descriptively using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 17 for Windows. The content validity of
the research instrument was established by ascertaining that it contained information that answered the research
objectives. The instrument was piloted to ensure reliability and it gave a reliability coefficient of 0.82. The study
finding indicated that most parents encouraged their adolescent children to have good sexual behaviors. They,
however, lacked effective communication skills to pass their good intentions to their adolescent children and thus
making their discussions on sexual matters boring and uninteresting. The study recommends the need for parents
to adopt effective communication skills that could enable them pass their good sexual intentions to their adolescent
children.
Keywords: Parental Influence, Sexual behaviors, Sexual problems, Adolescent, Sex related information, Parent.
I. INTRODUCTION
Sugar (1990) articulated that the complex nature of adolescents' sexuality is like an evolving complex kaleidoscope
jigsaw puzzle in which the pieces, the clues, the questions and struggles, explorations and the answers may change shape
and color before a full pattern is formed. The adolescents' sexuality is greatly influenced either positively or negatively by
the attitudes of their parents. It is also to a larger extent affected by the influence of their peers who by the virtue of their
proximity to the adolescent greatly influence the course taken by one's sexual behavior. The seriousness of adolescents'
sexuality is best understood if looked against the backdrop of adolescents' attitudes and practices. There has been a drastic
change in adolescents' attitudes and practices towards sex. This is because more significant percentages of adolescents are
engaging in premarital sexual intercourse than they did in the past. Statistics show that 65% of the youth get sexually
active at the age of 11 while 63% of students have sex before they complete secondary school (Population Reference
Bureau, 2001). The implications of this is new HIV/AIDS infections occur among the age bracket 15-24 years
(NASCOP, 1997) and 5000 girls die yearly while securing abortion (Ministry of Health Report, 2005).
As these devastating consequences of uninformed and irresponsible sexual behavior continue to take its toll on
adolescents, there is probably no better intervention than to create an insight into the effect parent influence on the
adopted sexual behavior of the adolescent. The insight would be on creating an awareness of the movers and shakers
involved in the formation of sexual behavior by adolescents. According to a study by Infotrak Research Consulting Ltd
2. International Journal of Recent Research in Social Sciences and Humanities (IJRRSSH), ISSN 2349-7831
Vol. 1, Issue 2, pp: (7-11), Month: July 2014 - September 2014, Available at: www.paperpublications.org
Page | 8
Paper Publications
(YouthNet, 2007) group sex was gaining popularity among secondary school students. The study found that 3% of
females interviewed in Kenyans urban centers had engaged in-group sex. The interviewees were in the age bracket
between 15-20 years, which is the same age bracket for majority of secondary school girls in Nyahururu Division. A
survey commissioned by Oakland Media Services (Healthy Relationships, 2007) found that more than half of the girls
lost their virginity before the age of 16. About 8% of females interviewed by the Population Services International
Programme (Ministry of Health Report, 2006) said they had experienced lesbian affair and that group sex was common to
them. There was an increase in the drop -out rate among secondary school girls in Nyahururu Division due to unwanted
pregnancies.
Many parents now anticipate their children's adolescence with apprehension. They construe the teenage years as
something to be confronted rather than shared, endured rather than enjoyed - a recipe for a self-fulfilling prophecy.
Parental anxieties may be on the possible loss of the closeness, affection and parental authority, which they see as
essential in their relationship with their children. In the Western societies it may be a common parental attribution that
adolescence is marked by challenges to adult authority, conflict between parents and adolescents is not so generally
anticipated in such societies where filial piety and respect are encouraged (Houghughi & Long, 2004).
The Purpose of the study was:
The study sought to investigate the effect of parents’ influence on the sexual behavior among students in Secondary
Schools in Nyahururu Division, Laikipia County.
The objective of the study was:
To determine the effects of parental influence on the sexual behaviors among students in secondary schools in Nyahururu
Division, Laikipia county.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
According to Ormond (2004) parents can influence adolescents' sexual behaviors in four ways. Firstly, parental attitudes
regarding adolescents' sexual behavior may influence adolescents' attitudes towards sexual behavior. Secondly, the
marital and child bearing behavior of parents may influence the adolescents sexual behaviors. These include experiences
with divorce, remarriage; living arrangements and apparent behaviors toward the opposite sex may provide role models
for young people. Thirdly, the religious environment of the home may affect adolescents' attitudes to sex and likely
experience of sexual guilt. Finally, the educational and work experiences of the parents may influence the sexual attitudes
of the adolescents. This may be by presenting opportunities for sexual experience while the parents are away from home.
Moore and Rosenthal (2001) postulates that parents are not the only role models available to adolescents. They have
around them many models of adult lifestyles in which diverse patterns of sexual expression are practiced. Such diverse
patterns range through stable monogamous marriages, divorce and re-coupling, single parenting, lifestyles characterized
by frequent partner changing and homosexual couples. These days an adolescent may watch a parent or another adult
agonizes about dating and sexual conduct just like their peers. The messages sent by the adult to the adolescents about sex
are rather different than it was in the past and further confuses the adolescents on which sexual behavior is appropriate.
According to Moore, Rosenthal and Buzwel (2001) sexual discussion was much more common between mothers and
daughters than between either parent with their sons. However, despite the lack of overt communication about sex, sons
were more likely than daughters to perceive liberal parental attitudes towards sex. According to Darling, Hicks, and Sigh
(2000) the major parental communications about sex reflected these cautionary sentiments. In their study, they found that
both boys and girls heard more of the cautionary messages than the positive one. However, the difference was greater for
females than for males as parental messages are considerably straighter forward for males but more complexes for
females. Darling (2000) reported that the more the talk between parents and adolescents the lower the rate of adolescent
sexual behavior. The negative messages conveyed by those parents who were reluctant to talk was associated with earlier
and more frequent sexual behavior among adolescents. Males and females reported hearing essentially the same double
messages but the order of their importance was different for girls than for boys with girls receiving the more negative
messages.
Moore et al (2001) researched the assertion that parental communication and monitoring would discourage premarital
sexual activity. However, they found this not to be the case for 15 and 16 year old adolescents. There was only one
exception; that of those parents who held traditional attitudes towards sex and had communicated these to their daughters.
3. International Journal of Recent Research in Social Sciences and Humanities (IJRRSSH), ISSN 2349-7831
Vol. 1, Issue 2, pp: (7-11), Month: July 2014 - September 2014, Available at: www.paperpublications.org
Page | 9
Paper Publications
Since their attitudes had apparently influenced their children's sexual behavior. In this case their daughters were less
likely to have had sexual intercourse. There is evidence of the socialization process putting a halt on female sexuality
with parent's rare discussions on sex with their children consisting of most part of warnings to their daughters. The
possibility that there are many misperceptions and miscommunications between parents and their adolescent children on
sex is hard to ignore.
Collins (1991) asked parents of 16-year-old adolescents for estimate about the level of sexual activity among adolescents
generally. The parents responded that there was an increased level of actual sex among adolescents. The same parents
were later asked about their beliefs on their own teenager's sexual activities but they were far more conservative in their
estimates. In other words parents found it hard to believe that their own children might have experienced intercourse.
However, they recognized that teenagers of the same age were often sexually active. Moreover, parents held more
optimistic beliefs than adolescents' teachers on the adolescent use of condom.. Parents are thus supposed to tread the fine
line between respecting an adolescent's privacy and providing information and value framework. This assists adolescents
in decision-making thus enabling them make sensible and well informed decisions on their sexual behavior.
III. RESEARCH DESIGN
This study was a survey research, which adopted an ex post facto design.
This study investigated the effect of the independent variable (effects of parental influence) on the dependent variable
(students' sexual behavior).
Sampling Procedure and Sample size
Purposive sampling was used in this study in selecting seven schools out of 14. The student population in the seven
schools formed the sampling frame.
Instrumentation
Primary data was collected through administration of a structured questionnaire to the selected respondents. The
questionnaire gathered information on age, gender and information on effects parental influences on the sexual behavior.
The content validity of the instrument was established in order to make sure that it reflected the content of the concepts
adolescence and sexual behaviors. Piloting also assisted the researcher in testing the reliability of the instrument. The
Cronbach's Coefficient Alpha for the instrument was computed in order to establish the internal reliability; a reliability
coefficient of 0.82 was obtained.
IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The objective of the study sought to determine the effects of parental influence on the sexual behaviors of students in
secondary schools in Nyahururu Division. The objective was based on the fact that parents play a very important role in
influencing socialization, behaviors and attitudes of their children. Their role is very crucial especially during the
adolescence stage where they are expected to provide guidance to their children on how they could manage the challenges
associated with it. In this study, the respondents were asked whether their parents discouraged them to have sex. Figure 2
highlights the distribution of their responses.
Fig. 2: Parents discouraging adolescents to have sex
77%
23%
Yes
No
4. International Journal of Recent Research in Social Sciences and Humanities (IJRRSSH), ISSN 2349-7831
Vol. 1, Issue 2, pp: (7-11), Month: July 2014 - September 2014, Available at: www.paperpublications.org
Page | 10
Paper Publications
Figure 2 indicates that 77 percent (261) of the respondents were discouraged by their parents to have sex, while 22
percent (76) were not. This suggests that most of the parents of the adolescents were against their children engaging in
sex at an early age. This might be attributed to the parents' knowledge and awareness of the risks involved in early sexual
activities by their children. At adolescence stage, the adolescents still have inadequate information about their sexuality
and reproduction and are not well informed about the consequences of early and premarital sex. These findings supports
Transgrud (1998); Senderowitz (1997) who observed that majority of the adolescents are less informed, less experienced
and less confident about sexuality and reproductive matters. They add that adolescents: lack life building skills,
negotiation skills, value clarification, refusal skills, decision-making and goal setting. All intended to enable them cope
with challenges of growing up, self-management and other transitions. Given this situation, Thornton and Camburn
(2001) add that parents have a great influence on their adolescent children's sexual behavior. They influence them on a
variety of beliefs, attitudes and behaviors. How parents translate their own feelings about sexuality into messages they
give their children can influence their sexual behavior.
In discouraging the adolescents from engaging in sex, parents use a number of strategies, including discussions with their
children about the consequences of early sexual activities. The discussions are aimed at creating awareness about the
adolescence stage and how to overcome the associated challenges. The respondents were therefore asked whether
discussions with their parents could help them in resolving their sexual problems. Table 1 summarizes their responses.
Table 1: Parental discussion helps in resolving sexual problems
Frequency Percent
Yes
No
239
98
70.9
29.1
Total 337 100.0
Table 1 shows that 70.9 percent of the respondents could resolve their sexual problems through their discussions with
parents. The remaining 29.1 percent did not consider discussions with parents to be capable of resolving their sexual
problems. This suggests that majority of the adolescents considered their parents to be capable of resolving their sexual
problems. This could be attributed to parental wisdom and experience with sexuality and reproductive issues. Such
adolescents were likely to resolve their sexual problems if there was an ample atmosphere for discussion with their
parents.
Summary and Finding
The following finding was established:
Majority of the adolescent students were discouraged by their parents to have sex and discussions with parents could
resolve their sexual problems. Slightly more than half of them considered their discussions with parents on sexual matters
as boring and were not comfortable in sharing sex-related information with their parents.
V. CONCLUSION
Most parents encouraged their adolescent children to have good sexual behaviors. However, they lacked behaviours.
However, they lacked effective communication skills to pass their good intentions to their adolescent children and thus
making their discussions on sexual matters boring and uninteresting.
VI. RECOMMENDATION
The study makes the following recommendation: There is need for parents to adopt effective communication skills that
could enable them pass their good sexual intentions to their adolescent children.
5. International Journal of Recent Research in Social Sciences and Humanities (IJRRSSH), ISSN 2349-7831
Vol. 1, Issue 2, pp: (7-11), Month: July 2014 - September 2014, Available at: www.paperpublications.org
Page | 11
Paper Publications
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