Fashion Buying project focusing on a chosen floor in the department store La Rinascente in order for it to develop and bring in new designers or trends/categories for the upcoming season.
Indian Automobile Industry
Products & Sub Brands
Brand Elements
Analysis of Brand Elements
Sources of brand equity
Brand Awareness, Identity, Personality, equity, Vision, Culture
Perceptual map of TATA Motors in India
TATA’s Commercial Vehicle Market Share in India
TATA’s Passenger Vehicle Market Share in India
Targeting and Segmentation
TATA’s Brand Hierarchy
Brand Extension
BCG Matrix Analysis
SWOT Analysis
Promotional Function of Tata Motors in Last few years
Challenges faced by TATA Motors
Recommendations for Future
Fashion Buying project focusing on a chosen floor in the department store La Rinascente in order for it to develop and bring in new designers or trends/categories for the upcoming season.
Indian Automobile Industry
Products & Sub Brands
Brand Elements
Analysis of Brand Elements
Sources of brand equity
Brand Awareness, Identity, Personality, equity, Vision, Culture
Perceptual map of TATA Motors in India
TATA’s Commercial Vehicle Market Share in India
TATA’s Passenger Vehicle Market Share in India
Targeting and Segmentation
TATA’s Brand Hierarchy
Brand Extension
BCG Matrix Analysis
SWOT Analysis
Promotional Function of Tata Motors in Last few years
Challenges faced by TATA Motors
Recommendations for Future
Total slides: 109
Light Emitting Diodes
Seven Segment LED
LCD Interfacing
Stepper Motor Interfacing
Digital to Analog Converter
ADC Interfacing
Keyboard Interfacing
This is the slideshow I displayed when I gave my final presentation at DeVry University. It was for a digital handheld compass circuit that was modified mid-semester to display arrows.
This paper explains the project which is a special kind of circular LED display. With the
help some mechanical assembly, LED count, hardware requirement, and hence overall cost is
cut to very affordable price. Also, maintenance and repairing of the display is so easy, that
anyone having a little electronics knowledge can take care of this. All the synchronizing can be
implemented through software. First of its kind, made using the 20-pin 8051 series
microcontroller, this project use the principle of Space Multiplexing. This propeller display is
mechanically scanned and displays the characters in digital format. Made from scrap it can be
used anywhere and everywhere and the most amazing fact about this display is its crystal clear
display. This display consists of just 7 bright LEDs which are rotated to show the display. For
building this project, requirement is just a small 20 pin microcontroller, a position encoder, and
LEDs. This display can show the messages, which will require a whopping 525 LEDs. So
hardware and cost minimization is achieved.
Total slides: 109
Light Emitting Diodes
Seven Segment LED
LCD Interfacing
Stepper Motor Interfacing
Digital to Analog Converter
ADC Interfacing
Keyboard Interfacing
This is the slideshow I displayed when I gave my final presentation at DeVry University. It was for a digital handheld compass circuit that was modified mid-semester to display arrows.
This paper explains the project which is a special kind of circular LED display. With the
help some mechanical assembly, LED count, hardware requirement, and hence overall cost is
cut to very affordable price. Also, maintenance and repairing of the display is so easy, that
anyone having a little electronics knowledge can take care of this. All the synchronizing can be
implemented through software. First of its kind, made using the 20-pin 8051 series
microcontroller, this project use the principle of Space Multiplexing. This propeller display is
mechanically scanned and displays the characters in digital format. Made from scrap it can be
used anywhere and everywhere and the most amazing fact about this display is its crystal clear
display. This display consists of just 7 bright LEDs which are rotated to show the display. For
building this project, requirement is just a small 20 pin microcontroller, a position encoder, and
LEDs. This display can show the messages, which will require a whopping 525 LEDs. So
hardware and cost minimization is achieved.
2. Chapter 10 - Light Emitted Devices
Lesson Objectives
Upon completion of this topic, you should be able to:
Describe and demonstrate the operation of a LED 7-
segment display.
IT2001PA Engineering Essentials (2/2) 2
3. Chapter 10 - Light Emitted Devices
Specific Objectives
Students should be able to :
List the 3 types of display formats:
1. Individual characters
2. Segmented
3. Dot matrix
Describe the basic construction and operation of LED.
Describe the operation of a common anode and common
cathode 7-segment display.
IT2001PA Engineering Essentials (2/2)
5. Chapter 10 - Light Emitted Devices
Individual characters
Uses one display unit for every
numeral
alpha-numeral and
symbol
Number of display units increases with
number of characters.
IT2001PA Engineering Essentials (2/2) 5
6. Chapter 10 - Light Emitted Devices
Segmented characters
Consists of light-emitting segments on the same
surface arranged so that
activating the proper segments produces the
desired character.
a
f b
g
e c
d
IT2001PA Engineering Essentials (2/2) 6
8. Chapter 10 - Light Emitted Devices
Dot matrix characters
Each character consists of 35 small LEDs
arranged in a grid of
5 vertical columns and 7 horizontal rows
to form a 5 X 7 dot matrix display.
It is capable of displaying more
alphanumeric characters.
IT2001PA Engineering Essentials (2/2) 8
10. Chapter 10 - Light Emitted Devices
Light-Emitting Diode
A PN junction diode made of a special material
Gallium Dioxide which radiates light
when current passes through the unit.
Symbol of the LED
IT2001PA Engineering Essentials (2/2) 10
11. Chapter 10 - Light Emitted Devices
when the diode is
forward-biased, it
emits light.
IT2001PA Engineering Essentials (2/2) 11
12. Chapter 10 - Light Emitted Devices
Light-Emitting Diode
Figure on next slide shows circuit connection
where an LED is forward-biased.
IT2001PA Engineering Essentials (2/2) 12
13. Chapter 10 - Light Emitted Devices
Circuit connection where an LED is forward-biased.
IT2001PA Engineering Essentials (2/2) 13
14. Chapter 10 - Light Emitted Devices
Construction of an LED
IT2001PA Engineering Essentials (2/2) 14
15. Chapter 10 - Light Emitted Devices
Construction of an LED
The plastic lens is important in
directing and magnifying the small amount
of light emitted by the LED chips
The cathode of the LED is identified
on the package by the flat side on the
plastic.
IT2001PA Engineering Essentials (2/2) 15
16. Chapter 10 - Light Emitted Devices
LED in Segmented displays
LEDs are available in
segmented font or dot matrix font
single character units or multi-digit package
DIP 7-segment LED &
10-pin single-digit package Multidigit package
IT2001PA Engineering Essentials (2/2) 16
17. Chapter 10 - Light Emitted Devices
7-segments Display Unit
The segments are LEDs with either
all the anodes connected to the supply or
all the cathodes connected to the ground
a +V
b
c a
d b
e c
f d
g e
f
g
IT2001PA Engineering Essentials (2/2) 17
