This document discusses web page validation and the benefits of standards-based design. It explains that the W3C provides guidelines and specifications for HTML and XHTML and offers a free online validation service. Validating checks that a web page follows the correct markup rules. Standards-based design using HTML and CSS requires less code, makes pages easier to maintain and access, improves search engine optimization, and increases compatibility with different devices.

1. Web Authoring
Topic 29 –
W3C and Page Validation

2. Objectives
Students should able to:
1. Perform the web page validity test.
2. Explain the benefits of a standard-based
design web page.
- Access and interpret the relevant W3C
standards correctly
- Take appropriate steps to ensure web
contents follow the relevant W3C
standards and guidelines

3. W3C
W3C is the World Wide Web consortium —
a non-profit group that helps guide the
evolution of the web.
The W3C provides guidelines and rules for
specifications including HTML and XHTML.
One way to determine the validity of the
HTML or XHTML code you generate is to
use W3C’s free online validation service.

4. Page Validation
Open your web browser and navigate to
http://validator.w3.org.
Three methods to validate page:
i) By URL;
ii) By File Upload;
iii) By Direct Input
This validator checks the markup validity
of Web documents in HTML, XHTML

5. Markup Validity
Most pages on the World Wide Web are
written in computer languages (such as
HTML) that allow Web authors to
structure text, add multimedia content,
and specify what appearance, or style,
the result should have.

6. Markup Validity
The process of verifying whether a
document actually follows the rules for
the language it uses is called validation,
and the tool used for that is a validator.
A document that passes this process with
success is called valid.

7. Standards-Based Design
Benefits of Standards-based design:
Less code:
Using HTML and CSS allows you to create
similar pages with fewer lines of code —
less work for you and faster download
times for the viewer.

8. Standards-Based Design
Benefits of Standards-based design:
Ease of maintenance:
Less code means a website that is easier to
maintain. This helps you, the author of a
page, as well as any members of a team
working on maintaining or revising a
website.

9. Standards-Based Design
Benefits of Standards-based design:
Accessibility:
Web documents marked up semantically,
meaning those that use the best HTML tag
for the job, can be easier to navigate by
users with visual impairments and the
information they contain is more likely to
be found by a visitor to the site.

10. Standards-Based Design
Benefits of Standards-based design:
Search engine optimization:
Web pages with clear and logically named
sections, are easier for search engines to
index and categorize because content that
is organized and well-labeled is easier for
search engines to evaluate content and
relevance of content on the page.

11. Standards-Based Design
Benefits of Standards-based design:
Device compatibility:
Websites that separate the structure from
the style are more easily repurposed for
mobile devices and other browsers.
CSS also allows for alternative style sheets
that optimize the appearance based on the
device being used to view the page.