A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowl...
EDUCATION FOR CHILD LABOUR –301111-Presentation-Tashfeen
1. A strategy for educating the working children of district: Sahiwal, Punjab,
Pakistan
Proponent: Rural Support Programmes Network (RSPN)
Tashfeen Siddique - MDM
EDUCATION FOR CHILD LABOUR –
2. Outline
Chapter # 1: INTRODUCTION
Chapter # 2: STUDY OF CHILD LABOR IN DISTRICT
SAHIWAL
Chapter # 3: INTERNAL ANALYSIS OF RSPN
Chapter # 4: ALTERNATIVES EDUCATION SYSTEMS
Chapter # 5: STRATEGY FORMULATION
Chapter # 6: OUTREACH PLAN
Chapter # 7: IMPLEMENTATION PLAN
Chapter # 8: RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION
3. Government Structure
Federal Government
Provincial
Government
District Government
(DCO)
Tehsil Municipal
Administration
Union Councils
(consists of 8 to 10
villages)
Ministry of
Education (MOE)
Provincial Education
Departments
District Education
Deptt’s (EDO’s)
Union Councils
(village Education
Committees/ literacy
Coordinators)
Administrative Structure of
Education Department
5. Background & Rationale
Chapter #1:
Introduction
o About 15 Million Children involved in Child labor
activities & are unable to get basic Education due
to number of reasons:
Inflation (11.5%- Sep,2011)
Poverty (40%)
Natural disasters (Major Earthquake of 2005, Floods 2010 & 11)
Inadequate Educational Institutions & facilities
Ignorance about the importance of Education
o Current literacy rate of Pakistan is about 57% (69%
male and 45% Female).
o Literacy definition: “The ability of a person to read
a newspaper and write a letter in any language”
6. Objectives of the Study
Chapter #1:
Introduction
o Main Objective: “To design an alternative education
strategy that would allow children to “Learn & Earn”
at the same time”.
o Specific Objectives:
Strategy for educating both boys and girls, according to the
their trade i.e. on-farm and off-farm activities.
Internal Analysis of RSPN for accessing capability of
execution.
Study of different alternative education systems and design
a locally acceptable strategy.
To highlight the hindering forces and cultural limitations.
Outreach Plan for the education of deprived children.
Involvement of Community Organizations for outreaching.
7. “This MRR builds on the premise
that large number of neglected and
deprived children involved in various
types of labor work may be unearthed to
make them effective part of society by
providing them their fundamental right
of education. MRR highlights the
hardships faced by deprived children on
their work places and these suffering will
be mitigated by introducing effective
education system for them”.
Chapter #1:
IntroductionHypothesis:
8. Chapter #1:
IntroductionProposed Organization
“Rural Support Programmes Network”, RSPN
Largest Civil Society Organization
Network of Ten RSPs
Working in 109 Districts of Country’s 144 districts.
More than 4 Million Organized HHs
9. Scope & limitations:
Chapter #1:
Introduction
o Scope: “The study covered only District Sahiwal of
Punjab where the number of child labor are more
than 35000 approx.”
o Limitations:
Provides Strategy for education ,not preventing child
labor.
Does not describe the situation of other districts.
This report will not cover all the villages of said district.
No new survey was conducted for preparing this
report.
10. Chapter # 2
STUDY OF CHILD LABOR IN DISTRICT SAHIWAL
District Sahwial
Child Labor Situation
Areas of Trade
Educational Institutions & Situation
Cultural Limitations & hindering forces
Causes of Female Education
Conclusion
11. Before 1849, ---- “Gugera”
In1865 ----- “Montgomery” &
In1966 ----- “Sahiwal”
Consists of two Tehsil
Sahwial
Chichawatni
o 89 Union Councils
o 531 Villages
o Total Population-1.8 Million
(16% urban & 84% Rural)
o Total Area: 3,201 Skms.
o Population density 649
persons per Square kms
o 97% Muslims & 3% minority
Chapter #2:
Study of
Child Labor
District Sahiwal
12. Chapter #2:
Study of
Child Labor
Estimated Child Labor Situation
Estimated
Breakdown
Pakistan Punjab Sahiwal
Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total
Total Child
Population (0-14
years) 34,093,853 32,278,462 66,372,315 17,920,525 11,947,017 29,867,542 398,130265,420 663,550
Estimated # of
Child Laborers
B:70%, G:30%) 10,500,000 4,500,000 15,000,000 6,300,000 2,700,000
(60%)
9,000,000 17,895 19,698 37,593
Enrolled Children
(63%)
21,549,381
(51%)
16,543,210
(57%)
38,092,591
(56%)
9,938,352
(72%)
8,624,703
(62%)
18,563,055
(42%)
164,773
(51%)
134,385
(45%)
299,158
Idle Children or
not recorded
(6%)
2,044,472
(35%)
11,235,252
(20%)
13,279,724
(9%)
1,682,173
(5%)
622,314
(8%)
2,304,487
(54%)
215,462
(42%)
111,337
(49%)
326,799
% of Children
who are child
Laborers 31% 14% 23% 35% 23% 30% 4% 7% 6%
13. Chapter #2:
Study of
Child Labor
Participation rate & Gender Parity
Participation rate in District: Sahiwal
= Total Enrollment / Total School Age group
=299,158/663,550 =45%
Participation rate:
Gender Parity Index:
Gender Parity Index
= School Age Girls / School Age Boys
=265,420/398,130 = (2:3)or 67%
14. Chapter #2:
Study of
Child Labor
Child Labour Situation & Trade Areas
Gender & Age
Cohorts
Off-Farm Activities On-farm Activities Total %
Workshops,
Mills, Kilns,
Machines,
Factories,
Hotels, etc.
Building
Construct
ion and
Stone
Crushing,
etc.
Cotton
Picking &
Potato
Digging
(seasonal)
Wheat,
Maize &
Paddy
harvesting
(seasonal)
Cattle
Rearin
g
Percen
tage
Boys
5-14
years
2,740 2,343 Nil 240 1,760 7,083 19%
15-17
years
4,192 4,360 Nil 770 1,490 10,812 29%
Sub-total Boys 6,932 6,703 Nil 1,010 3,250 17,895 48%
Girls
5-14
years
660 840 3,920 1,014 1,210 7,644 20%
15-17
years
748 1,155 5,476 2,980 1,695 12,054 32%
Sub-total Girls 1,408 1,995 9,396 3,994 2,905 19,698 52%
Total 8,340 8,698 9,396 5,004 6,155 37,593 100%
15. Chapter #2:
Study of
Child Labor
Child Labor Situation & Trade Areas
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
Off-farm activities On-farm activities Total
80%
21%
48%
20%
79%
52%
17,038
20,555
37,593
Areas of Trade: Child Labor
Boys Girls Total
16. Chapter #2:
Study of
Child Labor
Education Institutions & Situation
Institutions
Public (2009-2010) Private (2005)
Institutions Public Teachers Institutions Pvt. Teachers
Boys Girls Male Female Boys Girls Mixed Male Female
Mosque School 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 3
Primary 476 391 1334 1121 2 2 262 185 1165
Middle 96 168 999 1551 2 3 398 429 2581
High 97 51 1985 1140 8 3 55 257 774
Higher Secondary 12 16 436 352 3 9 3 99 156
Sub-Total 681 626 4,754 4,164 15 17 719 970 4,679
Total 1,307 8,918 751 5,649
Source: National Education Management Information System, AEPAM, Pakistan
17. Chapter #2:
Study of
Child Labor
Education Institutions & Situation (cont.)
Facilities in
School
Situation of Public Schools, 2009-10 Private Schools Situation in 2005
Available Not Available
Not
Reported
Available
Not
Available
Not
Reported
Building 1,296 2 9 751 0 0
Boundary Wall 1,104 190 13 707 37 7
Electricity 1,056 234 17 736 15 0
Latrine 1,036 240 31 730 19 2
Water 1,249 39 19 739 12 0
Source: National Education Management Information System, AEPAM, Pakistan
18. Chapter #2:
Study of
Child Labor
Reasons of Dropping out
The high drop-out of children is due to following reasons:
Financial Matters of Family
Unemployment of Educated Persons
Unattractive Schooling/ Teachings
Extra Burden of Home work
School Fees and burden of other costs like:
Uniform, Books, Stationary, Several kind of funds
etc.
Less attention of parents and teachers
Inadequate facilities in Schools
Punishment and Abuses
Absenteeism of both teachers and students
High repetition rates
Student-Teacher relationship
19. Chapter #2:
Study of
Child Labor
Student-Teacher Relationship
Student-Teacher, Teacher-School & Student-School Ratios in District: Sahiwal 2008-09
Levels
Numbers Ratios
Schools Enrolment by
Level
Teachers Student Per
Teacher
Teacher per
School
Students per
School
Boys
Primary 476 87,846 1,334 66 3 185
Middle 96 35,135 999 35 10 366
High 97 15,330 1,985 8 20 158
Higher-Sec 12 533 436 1 36 44
Total 681 138,844 4,754 29 7 204
Girls
Primary 391 75,415 1,121 67 3 193
Middle 168 24,307 1,551 16 9 145
High 51 11,891 1,140 10 22 233
Higher-Sec 16 1,195 352 3 22 75
Total 626 112,808 4,164 27 7 180
Source: Pakistan Education Statistics 2008-09, AEPAM, MOE, Islamabad, Pakistan
20. Causes of Child Labor in Pakistan (according to child labor survey, 1996)
Large family size in Poor Households
Unemployment mostly in rural areas
Poverty and low agricultural production
Unpaid family helpers
Inadequate education facilities
Chapter #2:
Study of
Child Labor
Cultural limitations & hindering forces:
Causes of Female Education
Misconception about Islam
Large Family size in poor Households.
Responsibility of Managing home
Lack of Decision Power
Male dominating society
Inadequate education facilities
21. More than 37000 boys and girls involved in Child
Labor activities.
45% (Mostly boys) involved in Commercial
activities and 55% (Mostly girls) Involved in on-
farm activities
Earned very low Income/ Unpaid family helpers
1307 Public and 751 private Institutions
Ignorance about the importance of Education due
to illiteracy.
Chapter #2:
Study of
Child Labor
Conclusion:
22. Chapter # 3
Chapter # 3: INTERNAL ANALYSIS OF RSPN
History & Introduction
Purpose & Objectives
Mission & Vision
Member Organizations
Projects & Programs
Outreach Status
Donors & Sources of Funds
Conclusion
23. Chapter #3:
IA of RSPNIntroduction:
Registered in 2001
Network of Ten
RSP’s
RSP’s have a
presence in 109
districts & 2 FATA
areas.
Organized more
than 4 Million
Households by
2010
24. Chapter #3:
IA of RSPNPurpose & Objectives
Purpose:
“To enable RSPs to harness people’s potential across Pakistan
through policy advocacy, strategic support, networking, knowledge
management, gender mainstreaming, and resource mobilisation”.
Objectives:
Capacity Building of RSP’s & Members
Policy Advocacy With Government & Stakeholders
Innovations to improve Programmes
Support RSP’s in setting Standards for quality.
Promoting Networking, coordination & Experience sharing
25. Chapter #3:
IA of RSPNMission & Vision
Mission Statement of RSPN
“A Prosperous Pakistan where people -
especially the poor and women- are provided with
equal livelihood opportunities and are not socially
and economically excluded”.
RSPN’s Vision:
“A peaceful, tolerant and prosperous Pakistan
where all people are able to realise their potential
and live fulfilled lives”.
26. Chapter #3:
IA of RSPNMember Organizations:
RSPN consists of ten member RSP’s and the N-IRM:
o Agha Khan Rural Support Programme (Since-1982)
o Azad Jammu Kashmir Rural Support Programme (Since-2007)
o Balochistan Rural Support Programme (Since-2001)
o Ghazi Barotha Taraqiati Idara (Since-1995)
o National Rural Support Programme (Since-1991)
o Punjab Rural Support Programme (Since-1997)
o Sindh Rural Support Organization (Since-2003)
o Sindh Graduates Association (Since-1972)
o Sarhad Rural Support Programme (Since-1989)
o Thardeep Rural Development Programme (Since-1997)
NRSP-Institute of Rural Management (Since-1993)
27. Chapter #3:
IA of RSPNProjects & Programs
o USAID”S Assessment and Strengthening Program (ASP)
o Early Recovery in three remote districts of Khyber Paktunkha.
o USAID-RSPN Sindh Agriculture Recovery Project (SARP)
o BAHAAL-Emergency Relief and Early Recovery Project for Flood
affectees across Pakistan.
o Nationwide Rollout of Poverty targeting survey in Pakistan.
o Komak project flood relief and rehabilitation.
o Emergency relief assistance project.
o Pakistan Domestic Biogas Programme.
o Mother & Child Healthcare Initiative
o Family Advancement for life and Health (FALAH)
o Crop Maximization Project-II
29. Chapter #3:
IA of RSPNOutreach Status (Cont.)
Rural Support Programmes Network
Countrywide RSPs outreach in Pakistan, as of December 2010
Name of Province/Area # of
Districts in
Province
# of
Districts
with RSP
Presence
# of Rural
Union
Councils
in
Province
# of Rural
Union
Councils with
RSP presence
# of Rural
Households
(1998
Census) in
Province
# of Rural
Household
s organized
Islamabad 1 1 12 12 43,884 13,664
Balochistan 30 16 333 235 523,953 222,118
Khyber Pukhtunkhwa
(KPK) 24 19 779 567 1,580,629 642,996
Sindh 23 22 921 638 2,816,903 852,533
Punjab 36 34 2,614 1,997 7,440,894 2,106,619
AJK 10 9 264 196 539,738 220,578
Gilgit-Baltistan 7 6 94 94 108,650 89,808
FATA-PATA 13 2 26 0 48,411 -
Total 144 109
(76%)
5,043 3,739
(74%)
13,103,062 4,148,316
(32%)
Source: RSPN-Outreach-Issue08-Quarter January to March2011-Page04
30. Chapter #3:
IA of RSPNDonors/ Sources of Funds:
Department of International Development (DFID)
International Development Research Centre (IDRC)
World Bank
International Development & Relief Foundation (IDRF)
Foundation Open Society Institute (FOSI)
United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
International youth Foundation
United Nations Development Programme
United Nations International Children Emergency Fund (UNICEF)
Embassy of Kingdom of Netherlands (EKN)
Netherlands Development Organization (SNV)
Winrock International
31. Strengths o Largest Civil Society Development Network
o Consists of ten member organizations presence in 109
districts
o Organized more than 4 million households (in the form of
COs, VOs & LSOs) all over the country and 42% member in
the COs are women.
o Working in almost all the sectors of development i.e.
Education, Health, agriculture Water & Sanitation, Relief,
Reconstruction and Emergency, Community Development,
Alternative Energy, Good Governance, Poverty alleviation
and Strengthen the Civil society organizations.
o Working with the support of Government, national and
International Donors, Financial Institutions.
o Core Competencies of RSPN are Policy Advocacy, Social
Mobilization, Social Sector Services, Gender &
development, Monitoring, Evaluation & Research, and
Special Projects wing.
o Experienced Professional Staff
Weaknesses
o Rely on Funders/
Donors.
o Operational and
management cost is
high due to large
setup.
o Implementation only
through member
organizations
Opportunities
o Presence in 76% of the country, Ease in Expansion
o Easily implement new projects and programs due to highly
professional staff.
o Opportunity to organize more households in the shape of
COs, VOs and LSOs for improving the livelihoods of the
people.
Threats
o Peace & order and
Terrorism
o Increased International
Fuel prices results in
more cost for
implementing
projects.
o Political conditions
32. Chapter #3:
IA of RSPNInfrastructure & Resources
According to the outreach issue-08 (Quarter January to
March, 2011) both PRSP and NRSP implementing various
projects in the district Sahiwal.
Conclusion:
o RSPN have largest Civil society Development Network and having
presence in more than 75% of the country.
o More than 4 Million HH in form of COs, VOs and LSOs.
o Experienced and Professional Staff for Implementation
DistrictSahiwal
Total Rural UCs in
the district
RSPs presence
in the UC’s
(as of Dec,
2010)
Total rural
Households in
the district
(1998 census)
Households
organized
(as of Dec,
2010)
RSP
# % # %
83 39 47 227,413 32,458 14.3 PRSP
52 63 12,243 5.4 NRSP
33. Chapter # 4
Chapter # 4: ALTERNATIVES EDUCATION SYSTEMS
Education, Types of Education, Education Styles
Education system in Pakistan
Structure of the system
Alternative Education System of Pakistan
Strengths & Weaknesses
Alternative Education Systems of different countries
Common Features in these countries
Conclusion
Key Insights for strategy Development
34. Chapter #4: Alternative
Education SystemsEducation, Types, Styles
Education:
“Learning Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes”
Types of Education:
Formal Education– Generally associated with schools.
Non-Formal Education– Focuses on practical skills & Knowledge.
Informal Education– less structured form of Education which deals
with every day experiences.
Education Styles:
Directive Leadership suitable for formal Education but democratic and
non-directive styles are required to enhance learning in non-formal
and Informal Education.
35. Chapter #4: Alternative
Education SystemsEducation System of Pakistan
Four distinct tiers:
Primary Education : (Grade 1-5),
In-house Annual Examinations for promotion from each grade.
Secondary Education: ( Grade 6-10)
Matriculation or Secondary School certificate exam at the end of the
10th grade.
Higher Secondary Education: (Grade 11-12)
Intermediate College level, Higher Secondary School certificate exam
which is pre-requisite for entrance to University.
University Education:
Undergraduate studies for Bachelors degrees, Masters & higher
professional Eduation.
36. Chapter #4: Alternative
Education SystemsAlterative Education System of Pakistan
Non-Formal Basic Education (NFBE):
Started in 1996 with 3000 Community Schools, by 2009 there are
13,603 NFBE schools all over Pakistan.
Distance & e-learning programmes:
There are number of Universities running distance & e-learning
programs. Allama-Iqbal open University, Virtual University etc…
Technical & Vocational Centers:
Total 3,125 Institutions (30% Public and 70% private)., Offers wide
range of short & long term diploma courses along with graduation &
Post-graduation courses.
Deeni Madaris:
12,448 deeni Madaris, provides both religious and general education.
Adult Literacy Centers:
120,263 adult literacy centers till 2007
37. Chapter #4: Alternative
Education SystemsSW’s of Education System
Strengths Weaknesses
o Formal & Non-Formal
Education through Public and
Private sector.
o Well updated database of
National Educational
Management Information
system of Academy of
Educational Planning and
Management.
o Only 2.9% of GDP spends on
education. In new Education
policy the % increased to 7%
o Competition between Public
and Private Sector for
promoting education.
o Literacy rate 57%, (69% male and 45% Female).
o Highly updated record but not able to provide missing
facilities
o High Dropout rate
o Focus is on quantity, not on quality of education.
o Lack of Standardization in terms of Syllabus and
courses.
o Less benefits and low salaries of teachers
o Poor recruitment practices.
o Inadequate Teachers Trainings /Refresher courses.
o Lack of Coordination
o Educational projects for Urban areas not for rural.
o Lack of Ownership due to poor Community
involvement.
o Inadequate funding.
o Free education is not free.
o Unaffordable University Education, Uncontrollable Fee
structures.
o Promoting Westernization in the name of Modernization
especially in the private sector.
o Insufficient Monitoring.
38. Chapter #4: Alternative
Education SystemsStudy of Alternative Education Systems
People’s Republic of Bangladesh
NFE major part of Education Development, Part of Education policy 2000,
Implemented with the help of NGOs, Bottom up approach with continuous R &D for
improvements.
People’s Republic of China
Started in 1998, Modern Science and Technology as part of NFE Program, Focus on
raising the quality of Labor force in the rural areas and empower farmers. The
ultimate aim of NFE is raise income level with continuous education.
Republic of India
NFE designed and address three phases i.e. Basic Literacy, Post Literacy and
Continuing Education Programs. The Focus of the programs is youth and rural
women..
Republic of Indonesia
Focus on women, youth and Enterprise development, Continuous follow-up support
for raising income and education.
Republic of the Philippines
Largely Govt. Sponsored programs for Promoting Basic Education, Skills & Functional
Literacy. The ultimate aim is to enhance employability and economic productivity.
39. Chapter #4: Alternative
Education SystemsCommon Features of NFE Programs
Income generation activities and continuing
education.
Institutional Support
Human Development & Entrepreneurship training
NFE Programs for all ages
Focus on Practical Knowledge
Basic Literacy & Enhancing Earning Capabilities
Skill Building along with access to credit
40. Chapter #4: Alternative
Education SystemsInterventions to prevent dropping outs
School related factors:
– Pre-schooling
– Flexible schooling hours/system
– Automatic promotion rather than repetition
– Language of instruction
Financial Support:
– Access to credit
– Conditional child support
– Unconditional child support
– Scholarship Programmes
Quality Interventions
– Monitoring
– Community Involvement
Other education Interventions
– Adult education Programs
– Alternative forms of education
41. Chapter #4: Alternative
Education SystemsConclusion:
After 65 years of Independence, Literacy rate is
still 57%.
Inadequate Budget for Education.
Unattractive Education
NFE model is not implemented in its true sense.
The Success of NFE Model depends upon active
community participation & Strong Stakeholders
involvement.
Basic Literacy with practical skills, focus on income
generation along with continuous education.
42. Chapter # 5
Chapter # 5: STRATEGY FORMULATION
Key Insights for strategy development
Problem Analysis
Objective / Solution Analysis
Analysis of alternatives
Strategy formulation
Conclusion
43. Chapter # 5: Strategy
FormulationKey Insights for Strategy Development
Basic Literacy with practical skills, focus on income
generation along with continuous education.
Non Formal Education according to age group,
gender, area of trade and educational Level.
Flexible, Friendly and attractive learning system.
Bottom up Approach with Strong Community
involvement.
Continuous R&D for Improvements.
Coordination with both Public and Private Sector
44. Chapter # 5: Strategy
FormulationProblem Analysis:
Development Problem:
uneducated Child labour
Major Causes:
– Low Income & Poverty
– Ignorance about the importance of Education
– Inadequate education facilities
Major Effects:
– High illiteracy rate
– Under paid or unpaid child labor
– Exploitation, punishment and abuses
– Poor health and poor quality of life
45. Chapter # 5: Strategy
FormulationObjective / Solution Analysis:
Development Objective:
Education of child labour
Means:
– Increased Income & eradicate Poverty
– Educational awareness
– Adequate education facilities
Ends:
– Increased literacy rate
– Equally Paid
– Eliminate punishment and abuses
– Improved health and better quality of life
Ends
Means
46. Chapter # 5: Strategy
FormulationAlternatives of Analysis:
Development Objective:
Education of child labour
Two Strategies derived:
– Poverty Control Strategy
– Education of Working Children
Education of Child labour (two components):
1) Awareness about the importance of education
2) Adequate Education Facilities
47. Chapter # 5: Strategy
FormulationStrategy Mapping:
RSPN’s Share
External Funding
Replication by Government support
Children:
Access to Education
Flexible timings
Improved heath
Bright Future
Parents:
Increase in Income
Children’s Education
Access to credit
Entrepreneurship
overcome poverty
Employers:
Quality labor
Increased
Productivity
Increased income
Out Reach Process:
Social Mobilization &
Awareness raising
Education Committees
Partnerships
Education Process:
Flexible learning and
Earning system.
Fast & Regular Track
Culturally acceptable
Learning Process:
In house exams
Board Exams
Equipped with Market
demanded skills
Involvement of EC’s in
Management
Active involvement of All
the stakeholders.
Continuous Research
Improvements for quality
education
Training of Staff
Easy in procedure
Innovations and
Improved teaching skills.
Teachers Trainings
Customer
Perspective
Financial
Perspective
Internal
Processes
Learning
& Growth
48. Chapter # 5: Strategy
FormulationStrategy Formulation:
Trade and Targeting:
– On-farm children
– Off-farm children
– Age and gender
– Geographical area
Education Options:
– Primary education
– Middle School education
– Secondary education
Syllabus and Curriculum
Pre-test for determining desire
Credit hours based System
Piloting Options
Timings and Uniform
Tuition Fees, Stationary and other expenses
Friendly atmosphere and class size
Continuous Research for improvement
49. Chapter # 5: Strategy
FormulationStrategy Formulation- Piloting options
Location School Type
Schools in Rural
Areas (at least 3)
1) Primary --- both for boys and girls. (Combined classes for children until the age
of 10), separate classes for boys and girls beyond the age of 10. (100 Students)
2) Secondary Boys School --- two classes; Middle and Secondary. (70 Students)
3) Secondary Girls School--- two classes; Middle and Secondary. (70 Students)
Schools in Urban
Areas (at least 3)
1) Primary --- both for boys and girls. (Combined classes for children until the age
of 10), separate classes for boys and girls beyond the age of 10. (100 Students)
2) Secondary Boys School --- two classes; Middle and Secondary. (70 Students)
3) Secondary Girls School--- two Classes; Middle and Secondary. (70 Students)
Schools in Semi
Urban Areas (at
least 3)
1) Primary --- both for boys and girls. (Combined classes for children until the age
of 10), separate classes for boys and girls beyond the age of 10. (100 Students)
2) Secondary Boys School --- two classes; Middle and Secondary. (70 Students)
3) Secondary Girls School--- two Classes; Middle and Secondary. (70 Students)
Schools in Semi-
Rural Areas (at
least 3)
1) Primary --- both for boys and girls. (Combined classes for children until the age
of 10), separate classes for boys and girls beyond the age of 10. (100 Students)
2) Secondary Boys School --- two classes; Middle and Secondary. (70 Students)
3) Secondary Girls School--- two Classes; Middle and Secondary. (70 Students)
Total 12 Schools with at-least 960 enrollment
50. Chapter # 5: Strategy
FormulationConclusion:
Strategy focuses on Awareness raising and adequate
education facilities for promoting education.
12 schools are proposed for piloting in 4 different
geographical areas to evaluate the response.
No Fees, uniform and other formalities.
Fast Track system for educating these children; three
options (Primary, middle and Secondary)
Bottom up Approach for providing education and
skills training
Active involvement of stakeholders for getting desired
results
MOUs with the Employers for retaining these
children and social pressures on parents through EC’s
51. Chapter # 6
Chapter # 6: OUT REACH PLAN
Out reach Plan
Adequate Education Facilities
Ownership & Sustainability
Conclusion
52. Chapter # 6:
Out - Reach PlanOut-Reach Plan
Mobilization and Awareness raising:
– Social mobilization and awareness raising
– Education Committees
– IEC material
– Village meetings, seminars and workshops
Plan for reaching on-farm children
Plan for reaching domestic child labors
Plan for reaching off-farm children
Adequate Education Facilities
Ownership and Sustainability
53. Chapter # 6:
Out - Reach PlanConclusion:
Strong social mobilization and awareness raising is
the backbone of the strategy
Active participation and coordination among
stakeholders
Formation of Education committees for out-reaching
and retention.
MOUs with the Employers of these children
Regular meeting with the parents
Strong commitment of the parents / Employers
Linkages with the micro-credit and enterprise
development programs
Involvement of EC in the management and decision
making
Ownership of the program by local community
54. Chapter # 7
Chapter # 7: IMPLEMENTATION PLAN
Logical Framework Analysis (LFA)
Result Chain Analysis
Implementation Plan
Human Resources / Staff Required
Budgeting / Financing
Monitoring & Evaluation
Conclusion
55. Design Summary Performance Targets/ Indicators Sources of Verification Assumptions (A) & Risks (R)
Impact /Goal
1. Saving the future of these children
and their parents by Education.
2. Enhancing earning capacities through
continuous education and Skills
enhancement
3. Increased Literacy rate
At the end of 3 years of piloting at-
least 800 Students will pass
matriculation exam along with Quality
Skills and better health.
Focus of the strategy is on continuous
education. After passing one grade these
students should be enrolled into next
grade.
Project Records
Education Department
Records
Outcome/Purpose
1. Free education for deprived
children along with earning.
2. Enhancing earning and learning
Capabilities
3. Better Health of children
4. Parent’s awareness, skills
enhancement and linkages with
micro-credit institutions.
At the end of piloting phase more than
900 children will pass different grades
along with enhancing skills.
More than 75% will have Good health.
More than 50% of the parents of these
children can get benefited from Micro-
credit facilities and Enterprise training
School Records and
Examination Results.
Record of Earning before
and after Education.
PMU records regarding
Trainings & credit facilities
(A). Continuous Cooperation of all the
stakeholders especially Education
department and Education Committees.
(A). Timely Partnerships with the Micro-
Credit Institutions.
(R). Unstable Political conditions &
Government Policies.
(A). Continuous Interest of RSPN/ others
Outputs
1. Parents / Employers aware about
the importance of education for
these young children.
2. Children start going to school
along with earning.
3. Children aware about the
importance of education & their
Rights.
Near about 90% of the parents and
employers of enrolled children are aware
about the need and importance of
education.
At the end of 1st year at-least about
500 children will be enrolled in 12 schools
and by the end of 2nd year the number will
be raised to 800 and 1000 enrollment in
3rd year or piloting
Targeted success rate of these children
in examination will at-least be 75%
Record of Village meeting,
seminars & workshops.
Interviewing the parents
and employers randomly.
Registration and
attendance record of
schools.
Examination result record
or Gazette.
(A). Continuous cooperation of Education
Committees, parents and employers required
for getting targeted results.
(A). Education department will cooperate in
the approval of syllabus and conducting
examinations.
(A). Interest of Stakeholders especially the
honesty and hard work of teachers and
Social Mobilization team is very important for
getting desired results.
Inputs
Activities:
1: Create PMU and Hiring of Staff
2: Identification of Area and Target group
3: Social Mobilization & Awareness
raising
4: Establishment of School & hiring of
teachers
5: Partnership with the key stakeholders
6: Monitoring Evaluation & Research
(See Implementation Plan Table:11 for
detailed Activities)
Means:
A: Availability of Funds
B: Timely hiring of Staff
C: Interest of the Stakeholders
D:Implementation of Activities according
to planned schedule
E: Continuous Monitoring and Research
for Improvements
Cost:
Total Piloting Cost for three
Years: USD 2.26M
Financing:
RSPN Share 35% (USD 0.5
M)
Funder Share 65% (USD
1.67 M)
(See the detailed budget in
annexure: A-4)
(A). Parents and Employers interest in
education of these children.
(A). Timely formation of Education
Committees and their interest.
(A). Interest of All the stakeholders
(A). High retention rate
(R). It might be possible that some
stakeholders will against the “Earning &
Learning System” or tries to prevent child
labor by force.
(R).Increase in inflation rate will also effect on
the project
Pre-Condition: Depends upon the availability of
57. Chapter # 7:
Implementation PlanImplementation Plan
Proposed Piloting Period is for three year i.e. 2012
-2014
Some of the activities are:
– Create PMU and hiring of staff
– Social Mobilization and awareness raising
– School buildings and equipment's
– Teaching Faculty
– MOUs with the Employers and partners
– Monitoring, Evaluation and Research
58. Chapter # 7:
Implementation PlanImplementation arrangements by RSPN
Structure:
Create Separate PMU (Not in PRSP or NRSP office)
Project Manager should permanently sit in PMU instead of
Head office.
Monthly Review meeting
Partnership should not limited to member RSP’s
Clear Job Descriptions along with Career growth.
Decentralization of funds
Proper orientation of PMU staff about RSP’s culture and
proposed project.
Training of Staff / Exposure visits
Preference should be given to locally qualified staff.
59. Chapter # 7:
Implementation PlanHuman Resources
Project Manager
Social Mobilization
Team
Teaching
Faculty
Social Mobilization, Promotion &
Communication Section
MIS, Monitoring &
Research Section
Admin & Finance Section
Communication
Officer (1)
Admin & Finance
Officer (1)
MIS Officer (1)
MER Officer
(1)
Teachers: 28
12 Male
Teachers
16 Female
Teachers
Visiting
Faculty
Social Mobilization
Specialist (1)
4 Teams (8)
(1 Male & 1
Female Social
Organizer in each
team)
Cleaner (1)
Watchman (1)
60. Chapter # 7:
Implementation PlanBudgeting / Financing:
Cost
Estimates for
USD ($) PAK (Rs.)
RSPN Share (35%)
Investment
Required (65%)
USD ($) USD ($)
First year 715,029 61,492,500 185,378 529,651
Second year 736,095 63,304,200 190,840 545,256
Third year 814,312 70,030,845 211,118 603,194
Total 2,265,437 194,827,545 587,335 1,678,101
Time value of money:
Year Cost DF
Present
Value Cost DF Present Value
USD ($) 16% USD($) RS. 16% (Rs.)
1 715,029 0.8621 616,404 61,492,500 0.8621 53,010,776
2 736,095 0.7432 547,038 63,304,200 0.7432 47,045,333
3 814,312 0.6407 521,695 70,030,845 0.6407 44,865,798
Total 2,265,436 - 1,685,138 194,827,545 - 144,921,907
61. A-4: Budget for Piloting the Strategy
In Pakistan Rupees In USD 86
Details No. Mon/Unit
Cost
1st Year 2nd Year 3rd Year 1st Year 2nd Year 3rd Year
15% 15%
Personal & HR (including all the benefits)
Project Manager 1 175,000 2,100,000 2,415,000 2,777,250 24,419 28,081 32,294
Social Mobilization & Communication Section
Social Mobilization Specialist 1 90,000 1,080,000 1,242,000 1,428,300 12,558 14,442 16,608
Social Organizers (4 Male & 4 Female) 8 30,000 2,880,000 3,312,000 3,808,800 33,488 38,512 44,288
Communication Officer 1 65,000 780,000 897,000 1,031,550 9,070 10,430 11,995
Teaching Faculty
Male Teachers 12 40,000 5,760,000 6,624,000 7,617,600 66,977 77,023 88,577
Female Teachers 16 40,000 7,680,000 8,832,000 10,156,800 89,302 102,698 118,102
Visiting Faculty for Skills training (Lump sum) 1,000,000 1,150,000 1,322,500 11,628 13,372 15,378
MIS, Monitoring & Research Section
MIS Officer 1 50,000 600,000 690,000 793,500 6,977 8,023 9,227
MER Officer 1 80,000 960,000 1,104,000 1,269,600 11,163 12,837 14,763
Admin & Finance section
Admin & Finance Officer 1 50,000 600,000 690,000 793,500 6,977 8,023 9,227
Cleaner 1 15,000 180,000 207,000 238,050 2,093 2,407 2,768
Watchman 1 15,000 180,000 207,000 238,050 2,093 2,407 2,768
Travelling allowances, Honorarium etc.. (Lump sum) 600,000 600,000 600,000 6,977 6,977 6,977
Total-(Personal Section) 23,800,000 27,370,000 31,475,500 276,744 318,256 365,994
Training & Development
Trainings and Refresher Courses of Staff (Lump sum) 1,500,000 1,000,000 1,000,000 17,442 11,628 11,628
Total-(Trg & Development Section) 1,500,000 1,000,000 1,000,000 17,442 11,628 11,628
Research & Development
Research & Development (Lump sum) 500,000 500,000 500,000 5,814 5,814 5,814
Total-(R&D Section) 500,000 500,000 500,000 5,814 5,814 5,814
Rent and Utilities
PMU Expenses
Office Building 1 40,000 480,000 - - 5,581 - -
Utilities (Electricity, Gas & Telephone) of office building 1 30,000 360,000 396,000 435,600 4,186 4,605 5,065
63. Chapter # 7:
Implementation PlanBenefits:
To Children:
Access to Education
Improved Health
Enhancing Skills
Continuous support
Increase in productivity
Increased Income
To Parents:
Awareness about the importance of education.
Access to Credit & Entrepreneurial trainings
Increase in income
A step to overcome poverty
To Employers:
Quality Labour/ Human Resource
Increase in Productivity
Increase in Income
Overall:
Better aware about their rights and duties
Increased literacy rate
Improved income/ better employment opportunities
Way to come out of poverty
Only way to prevent child labour.
64. Chapter # 7:
Implementation PlanPotential Implementation Problems &
Mitigation Measures:
Inadequate Cooperation of Education Department
Collaboration with District Child Labor Deptt.
Negative Role of Media Agencies
Interest of Children, Parents and Employers
Qualified and Experienced Project Team
65. Chapter # 7:
Implementation PlanMonitoring and Evaluation
Strong MIS should be put into place
Weekly reports should be shared with all the
stakeholders.
Close and strong relationship with Education
department and all the stakeholders
Monthly meetings for feed back and
improvements
Revisit of log-frame for changes and control
66. Chapter # 7:
Implementation PlanConclusion:
Cost, time and resource schedules are estimates
and need to revisit along with implementation.
Most of the activities in implementation schedule
depends upon each other.
For making a transparent system, all the staff and
management should be made aware about the
implementation and disbursement status.
Monthly meetings for feed back and
improvements
68. Chapter # 8:
Recommendations &
Conclusion
Recommendations:
Continuous improvements along with
implementation for developing an education model.
Incentives should not be given in the form of cash or
grants to children and their parents.
MOU with the employer for retaining the children in
schools, along with social pressure on parents
through ECs.
Instead of creating new schools, some Government
schools should be used in piloting phase for testing,
ultimate aim to provide successful education model.
Involvement of EC’s in management and decision
making.
Equal Respect
Bottom up approach.
69. Chapter # 8:
Recommendations &
Conclusion
Conclusion:
Little step to help these flowers
Save their lives from misery and poverty.
Active citizen instead of burden on economy.
Education is the only solution to prevent child
labor and eliminate poverty.
Aim is to create flexible education system which is
owned by Everyone (Children, Parents and
Employers)
On successful piloting phase, it will be replicated
to whole district then province and then country.
70.
71.
72. Thank you!
Tell me and I’ll forget; show me and I may remember;
involve me and I’ll understand. (Chinese proverb)
Education cost money, but then so does ignorance.
(Claus Moser)
