Contemporary education, which is an agent of modernization in various forms, is also of the Western origin. Modern education has a fundamentally different orientation and organization.The present study aims to measure the modernization among two groups of Adolescents one belonging to school going students and belongs to Non School going students. However, the study revealed that school going students differ significantly from their Non school going students counterparts on modernization level, as the school going students were found to be higher on the level of modernization and other components. Education and modernization are closely linked and as it is well fact that knows Education is the main instrument of change in all fields of life. In this paper the researcher has tried to highlight the role Education in enhancing modernization. Dr. Inderjeet Singh Bhatia "Education and Modernization (A Comparative Study of Two Villages of India)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46372.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/46372/education-and-modernization-a-comparative-study-of-two-villages-of-india/dr-inderjeet-singh-bhatia
Women Empowerment through SHGs A Case Study of Jalgaon District of Maharashtraijtsrd
The status of women indicates the character of the country “said by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehruâ€. Women empowerment is a process in which women challenge the existing norms and culture, to effectively promote their well being. The participation of women in self help groups SHG's made a significant impact on their empowerment both in social and economical aspects. This study addresses women empowerment through self help groups in Jalgaon District of Maharashtra. The information required for the study has been collected from both the primary and secondary sources. A Random sampling method has been followed. Average and Percentage analysis was carried out to draw meaningful interpretation of the results. The results of the study revealed that the SHG's have had greater impact on both economic and social aspects of the beneficiaries. Arun Kumar Tripathy "Women Empowerment through SHGs: A Case Study of Jalgaon District of Maharashtra" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46371.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/other/46371/women-empowerment-through-shgs-a-case-study-of-jalgaon-district-of-maharashtra/arun-kumar-tripathy
Information Communication Technologies are not gendered biased.Its usage is equally effective for both males as well as females. its effectiveness and impact depend on how the person uses it. This particular ppt. tells its readers about the power of ICT and how women can use it for their empowerment while performing various roles which she performs during her life.
Women Empowerment through SHGs A Case Study of Jalgaon District of Maharashtraijtsrd
The status of women indicates the character of the country “said by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehruâ€. Women empowerment is a process in which women challenge the existing norms and culture, to effectively promote their well being. The participation of women in self help groups SHG's made a significant impact on their empowerment both in social and economical aspects. This study addresses women empowerment through self help groups in Jalgaon District of Maharashtra. The information required for the study has been collected from both the primary and secondary sources. A Random sampling method has been followed. Average and Percentage analysis was carried out to draw meaningful interpretation of the results. The results of the study revealed that the SHG's have had greater impact on both economic and social aspects of the beneficiaries. Arun Kumar Tripathy "Women Empowerment through SHGs: A Case Study of Jalgaon District of Maharashtra" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46371.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/other/46371/women-empowerment-through-shgs-a-case-study-of-jalgaon-district-of-maharashtra/arun-kumar-tripathy
Information Communication Technologies are not gendered biased.Its usage is equally effective for both males as well as females. its effectiveness and impact depend on how the person uses it. This particular ppt. tells its readers about the power of ICT and how women can use it for their empowerment while performing various roles which she performs during her life.
Researched and presented on ‘Women’s Work Participation & Empowerment’ in the National Conference on “Gender and society with specific reference to the state of Haryana” at Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana.
By Geetika khosla
ICT has made a huge contribution to women's empowerment. women living in remote and rural areas are also being benefitted by ICT and they are making their contribution to society-building and development of the country.
It include history of women, principles of women empowerment, stages, six S, need of women empowerment, changes in women empowerment, acts in women empowerment, programmes for women, different projects, constraints of women empowerment, measurement of women empowerment, conclusion.
Philosophy of Education as a Factor of Social Developmentijtsrd
In the third millennium, the quality of education is becoming an important factor in the development of society. Today, we can see that not only knowledge but also the technology to use it is being given special attention instead. Education is important in terms of the renewal of the human worldview, the study of ways of using knowledge, the formation of the human intellect and the ability to adapt to various changes in the spiritual image. Investments in education are valued as investments in the future stability of the country. To this end, this article analyzes the role of education reform in ensuring social development and outlines its prospects.It is important that the philosophy of education in the world community is a leading tool that determines the future of the country, its future development. “In today’s environment, where the living standards and quality of life of the population have become a key indicator of the country’s competitiveness in many ways, we can see the growing role of education as an important factor in development. At present, societies and civilizations compete primarily with social values and education systems and philosophies. †which means that society has a step by step targeted strategy. The value of this ratio is confirmed by the example of the leading countries of the world. Namazova Yulduz Muzaffarovna "Philosophy of Education as a Factor of Social Development" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-1 , December 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47774.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/47774/philosophy-of-education-as-a-factor-of-social-development/namazova-yulduz-muzaffarovna
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Researched and presented on ‘Women’s Work Participation & Empowerment’ in the National Conference on “Gender and society with specific reference to the state of Haryana” at Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana.
By Geetika khosla
ICT has made a huge contribution to women's empowerment. women living in remote and rural areas are also being benefitted by ICT and they are making their contribution to society-building and development of the country.
It include history of women, principles of women empowerment, stages, six S, need of women empowerment, changes in women empowerment, acts in women empowerment, programmes for women, different projects, constraints of women empowerment, measurement of women empowerment, conclusion.
Philosophy of Education as a Factor of Social Developmentijtsrd
In the third millennium, the quality of education is becoming an important factor in the development of society. Today, we can see that not only knowledge but also the technology to use it is being given special attention instead. Education is important in terms of the renewal of the human worldview, the study of ways of using knowledge, the formation of the human intellect and the ability to adapt to various changes in the spiritual image. Investments in education are valued as investments in the future stability of the country. To this end, this article analyzes the role of education reform in ensuring social development and outlines its prospects.It is important that the philosophy of education in the world community is a leading tool that determines the future of the country, its future development. “In today’s environment, where the living standards and quality of life of the population have become a key indicator of the country’s competitiveness in many ways, we can see the growing role of education as an important factor in development. At present, societies and civilizations compete primarily with social values and education systems and philosophies. †which means that society has a step by step targeted strategy. The value of this ratio is confirmed by the example of the leading countries of the world. Namazova Yulduz Muzaffarovna "Philosophy of Education as a Factor of Social Development" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-1 , December 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47774.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/47774/philosophy-of-education-as-a-factor-of-social-development/namazova-yulduz-muzaffarovna
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Foundations of Education 831 - Unit 4 Socio-Economic Foundations of Education...HafeezKhan218430
A.I.O.U M.Ed. Semester 1 by Dr. Zaheda Jaweed who is the coordinator of this course.... I does not own this course..... for educational purpose only...
Course 8: Knowledge and Curriculum - Unit 2: Social bases of Education DrCShanmugaPriya
The social base of education is the study of social institutions and individual experiences affect education and its outcome. Education is concerned with all forms of education in formal and
informal education systems of modern industrial societies. After the advancement and engagement
of human capital (work force) in industrialization America and Europe gave rise to social mobility. Now it is easier to move up to the upper strata of society gaining technical skills, knowledge. People who were farmers earlier became workers in factories. In that period social and mobility was at top gear. And we began to think that Education promotes social mobility and undermines class stratification. It gained interest and a lot of sociological studies done on the subject. Statistical and field research across numerous societies showed a persistent link between an individual's social class and achievement and suggested that education could only achieve limited social mobility.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
At its essence, education affects society by empowering individuals by equipping them with knowledge, skills, and perspectives necessary for personal and professional growth. It serves as a catalyst for intellectual curiosity, igniting a thirst for learning that transcends boundaries.
Science Process Skills in Relation to Values Gained through Learning Scienceijtsrd
Science is not only of acquiring knowledge about facts, theories, or gaining text book’s theoretical generalizations. Doing Science means applying the processes to reach the knowledge and process data. The process of doing science should bring in holistic development of the children including the development of values. The process of doing science involves Science process skills. So in this study, the researcher has attempted to find the relationship between science process skills and science values of class 8 students in Mysuru, Karnataka State. Research findings have shown that there is a positive relationship between science process skills and science values. And gender has no influence on the relationship between science process skills and science values. The implications of the study are discussed in this paper. Vasudha C R "Science Process Skills in Relation to Values Gained through Learning Science" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-1 , December 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49089.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/49089/science-process-skills-in-relation-to-values-gained-through-learning-science/vasudha-c-r
B.Ed 1st year Notes on Modernization of Contemporary India and Education ... easy notes on Modernization which will help you to understand the concept of modernization which remark a revolutionary change in our traditional culture which is slowly change by Western culture & there is need to preserve our own culture which is identification of our nation i.e. our own traditional culture. Modernization definition, Advantage and disadvantage of Modernization, example of Modernization and the causes of Modernization and at last the conclusion of modernization all you can learn and understand from the above ppt in easy and understandable language and easy explanation
Sheetal Nagar
B.Ed 1st year
Shiv College of Education, Tigoan, Faridabad
The Transformative Power of Education: Unleashing Potential Through Study and...hussanisoyat
Education stands as one of the most powerful tools for personal and societal transformation. It has the remarkable ability to unlock human potential, ignite curiosity, and drive positive change. In this article, we delve into the transformative power of education, exploring how study and scholarship serve as catalysts for individual growth and collective progress.
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
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productive resources in a nation, and not on
psychological - normative variables like 'achievement
orientation', 'psychic mobility' and rational hedonism,
etc., common among the treatments of many social
Scientists, structural breakdown in modernization,
merges when due to historical or other cultural
factors, the sequence of evolution is reversed or made
uneven or when some of the Universal become far too
rigid and offer more than normal resistance to further
evolution. Buch conditions according to a later study
by Buck and Jacobson (1968) prevail in the Asian
nations. These nations, being ex-colonies, have many
evolutionary structures like bureaucracy, democratic
associations, and generalized universal latte norm
introduced Into their social structure without adequate
development of other basic founding universals like
communication, technology stratification and
principles of legitimating. This is Particularly true for
countries like Indonesia, India and Pakistan (Singh,
1973, 205).The slogan of modernisation is now
echoing around the world. Though used frequently
both in the current literature and in speech making the
term ‘modernisation’ has acquired different
meanings. The economists use this term simply as
another word for economic growth to be achieved
mostly through man’s application of technologies to
the control of natural resources. The political
scientists look at modernisation as the process of
government building. They are interested how
governments increase their capacity to innovate
change and cope with social conflict. The
psychologists would emphasise self- reliance and
achievement motivation essential to modernity. To
the common man industrialization and automation
symbolise modernisation. In machine he sees, on the
one hand, increased production resulting in better
comfort and higher standard of living and, on the
other hand, science displacing superstition In
education also modernisation implies manythings. To
one educationist modernisation means to spread
education, to produce educated and skilled citizens
and train an adequate and competent intelligentsia. To
another it implies more teaching aids to make
teaching-learning effective.
Role of Education in the Modernisation of India:-
1. Education directly contributes to the process of
modernisation. It is rightly acknowledged that human
resource is the key to national advancement and a
sound human resource is created and developed by
education.
2. As a dynamic force of change education breaks the
status quo of the traditional thinking, doing, habits,
attitudes and values. It broadens the mental horizon
are arouses interest in innovation and
experimentation. It helps Individuals to be broad-
minded and stimulates their thinking to accept new
things and objects without a compromise with the old
thinking and ideas.
3. Education creates a cadre of philosophers,
scientists, technocrats, leaders, elite, co-planners,
administrators, physician, teachers etc. who vanguard
the chariot of modernisation. They are highly
sensitive to the needs, demands and aspirations of, a
modernized society and they work for consensus
building on important issues including national and
emotional integration, and above all international
understanding.
4. Education, as a chief instrument of modernisation
arouses, sustains, stimulates and perpetuates interest
in the minds of people in the change and growth
processes. Education helps in the evolution of mind
which is dispassionate, and objective and enquiring.
5. Education prepares a band of knowledgeable and
creative men and women by imparting appropriate
value, skill and knowledge adequately who, in turn,
will commit themselves to the process of
modernisation. Thus, modernisation is harnessed by
education.
6. Education acts as a powerful force of
modernisation by developing national outlook and
international understanding. It can help the pupils in
knowing the latest developments in social, economic,
technological, scientific and cultural domains of
human life.
7. Education can help in the achievement of
emotional and national integration which is the basis
for establishing unity among people and for
development of nation-social, cultural, economic and
political and scientific aspects.
8. Education can help in accelerating the process of
modernisation by fostering a democratic and secular
outlook and vision among the people. Secular attitude
helps in developing respect for all religions of the
world and of the nation. Democratic altitude enables
people to live successfully in the society with others
without any difference and feelings.
9. Education helps people to prepare for future life
winch is essential for modernization. It helps them to
acquire all social skills for leading a better future life.
And better future life accelerates the process of
modernisation. Therefore, it is a powerful weapon
that can accelerate the pace of modernisation in the
present society for a happier and salubrious life.
REVIEW OF LITERATURE:-
Kim,Xie&Cheng,( 2017). Recent studies indicate
that there are four dimensions of the competences of
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future primary school teachers, namely:
familiarization, use, integration, reorientation
Different levels of competence development needs
require consideration of different principles and
approaches to curriculum’s development. Along with
this, Ge, Han and Shen (2018) offer other dimensions
of competence assessment: awareness, literacy,
strategy and research.
Fernàndez-Cruz & Fernàndez-Díaz, (2016). The
training of primary school teachers requires the study
of factors that affect the level of digital competence
there is a significant deficit in preparation for the use
of technology in the educational process in developed
countries. For instance, the teacher’s training profile
in Spainis low-average; most future teachers do not
understand the essence of digital competencies; ICT
resources are not used in the educational process. In
case the teachers do not possess digital competences,
then they are unlikely to be integrated into the
educational process of primary school. In contrast,
students, receiving the profession of a future teacher
of primary school, highly value their own digital
skills. However, the assessment of these skills
indicates the need to acquire digital skills, in
particular for teaching in education environment and
professional development (Porln & Snchez, 2016).
Lapin, (2015). The ISEDT RAS study of
modernization changes contains the definition
proposed by head of the Centre for Studying Socio-
Cultural Changes at the RAS Institute of Philosophy,
RAS Corresponding Member N.I. Lapin, namely:
modernization is a process of profound, civilization
changes which is conditioned by new needs of the
society and an individual in a changing environment
(natural and socio cultural), and its function is to
enhance the abilities of the society and an individual
to meet their needs.
Vil’khovchenko, (2010).The mandatory conditions
for the implementation of modernization in any
country, in addition to the national program and
modernization projects resulting from it, include
adequate economic conditions, developed civil
society, imposed active interaction of the government,
society and business units; it is necessary to have a
“social layer – a carrier of public modernization
energy” (Ermolenko, 2010). “The country’s
modernization implies the transition to a higher stage
of civilization implemented not by coercive methods
but also by revealing the cognitive potential of an
individual, bringing together the interests of an
individual, society and the state” (Lastochkina, 2016).
The leading “force” of transformation of the society
and economy is “people with a high educational level,
working on the basis of knowledge and through them,
able to create new knowledge, a new product, a new
method, etc.”
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:-
1. To present the data on the spread and expansion
of education in India.
2. To examine the role of education as an agent of
modernization.
3. To explore the influence of education on the rural
social structure, that is, on the institutions, groups,
form of organizations, social stratification, social
relationship and behaviour patterns.
4. To see the effect of education on psycho-social
modernity.
HYPOTHESES OF THE STUDY:-
H1: School-going students are more modern then
non-school going adolescents.
H2: Effects of education on village social structure
(based on comparison of two villages one with school
and another without it).
H3: Effects of education on the value-orientations of
students (based on comparison of school-going with
non -school-going respondents).
H4:Non-agricultural occupations are greater in
number in the village with education and agriculture
is the main occupation in the village without
educational facilities.
H5: Formal education leads to modernityindependent
of other factors (e.g. age. urban experience and mass
media exposure).
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: -
Descriptive and comparative method was adopted to
investigate and compare the differences between two
villages of India.(KODARIA with school and
HARSOLA without school in INDORE district)
SAMPLE:-
Stratified random sampling was adopted. The sample
for the 30 School-going and 20 non-school-going
adolescents randomly selected from village
KODARIA and HARSOLA.
STATISTICAL TOOL:-
Interview schedule (for comparing schools going and
non-school-going adolescents) and Attitudinal
modernity scale developed by Sharma (1979) was
used to measure the values attitudes and perceptions
of school-going and non-school-going respondents.
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ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION: -
Table No.5.1 Mean Modernity Score of School-going and Non-school-going Respondents
Respondents Mean S.D. Variance Z Value Level of Significance
School-going (N=30) 50.00 1.50 2.25
12.99 P < 0.05
Non- School-going (N=20) 42.02 2.46 6.05
The difference between the two mean is statistically significant (Z= 12.99, p < 0.05). In other words it can be
said that the school-going respondents are more modern than the non-school-going respondents interviewed.
Table No.5.2 Mean Modernity Score of School-going and Non-school-going Respondents by Age
Age
(in years)
Mean- Modernity score
Gain for the school-
going respondents
Z
Value
Level of
Significance
School-going
(N=30)
Non School-going
(N=20)
13.14 58.00 50.11 7.89 4.11 P < 0.05
15-16 58.03 50.06 7.97 6.01 P < 0.05
17-18 58.02 50.08 7.94 6.36 P < 0.05
Conclusively, it can be said that the mean modernity score of the school-going respondents has been found to be
regularly higher than that of the non-school-going group in all the age categories. The mean modernity scores of
school-going respondents are higher than that of the non-school going respondents. This fact is further
confirmed by the gain for the school-going respondents in all age-groups i.e. 7,39,7.97 and 7,94, The difference
is statistically significant in all the age categories i.e., (Z- 4.11, p < 0.05, Z= 6.04, p <0.05 and Z = 6.36,p <0.05).
Table No.5.3 Mean Modernity Score of School-going Respondents and their Father’s Socio-Economic
Background
Fathers' Socio-economic background Mean S.D. Variance Z Value Level of Significance
High 52.17 1.05 1.103
3.23 P < 0.05
Low 51.19 1.05 1.103
There is significant difference (Z= 3.23, p < 0.05) between the students of high socio-economic background and
those of low socio-economic background on modernity. Hence socio-economic status contributes significantly to
the student's higher modernity,
Table No.5.4 Mean Modernity Score of School-going Respondents and their Father’s Occupation
Fathers' Occupation Mean S.D. Variance Z Value Level of Significance
Agriculture 42.92 1.06 1.12
3.67 P < 0.05
Non Agriculture 44.20 1.40 1.96
It is evident from the above Table that there is a significant difference (z=3.67, p < 0.05) between the mean
modernity score of students whose fathers are engaged in agriculture and those of non-agriculture occupation.
Table No.5.5 Mean Modernity Score of School-going and Non school- going Respondents by Urban
Experiences
Urban
Experience
Mean- Modernity score
Gain for the school-
going respondents
Z
Value
Level of
Significance
School-going
(N=30)
Non School-
going (N=20)
Low 57.35 49.59 7.76 9.65 P < 0.05
High 59.92 50.83 9.09 5.90 P < 0.05
A look at the Table 5.5 indicates that the mean modernity scores of school-going respondents are found to be
higher 57.35 and 59.92 than that of non-school going respondents 49.59 and 50.83. This fact is more confirmed
from the gain in the score of school-going respondents. The difference is statistically significant in both the
category of low and high urban experience i.e. (Z= 9.65, p < 0.05) and (Z= 5.90, p<0.05).
It can be observed from the above Table that even after exercising control on urban experience# the school-
going respondents had again emerged to be more modern than the non-school-going respondents.
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Table No.5.6 Mean Modernity scores of School-going and Non-school-going Respondents by Media
Exposure
Media Exposure
Mean- Modernity score
Gain for the school-
going respondents
Z Value
Level of
Significance
School-going
(N=30)
Non School-
going (N=20)
Low 59.50 51.62 7.88 8.02 P < 0.05
High 57.18 45.54 11.64 16.06 P < 0.05
The Table 5.6 clearly shows that the mean modernity scores of school-going respondents are found to be higher
59.50 and 57.18 in comparison to the mean modernity scores of non-school-going respondents 51.62 and 45.54.
The gain in the score of school-going respondents is found to be 7.83 in the category of low media exposure.
Whereas the gain in the score of school-going respondents having high media exposure found to be 11.64. The
difference is statistically significant in both the category of low and high media exposure respectively i.e.
(Z=8.02, p .01) and (Z=16.06# p < .01).
It can be inferred from above Table that the mean modernity score of school-going students is found to be
higher than that of the non-school-going respondents even after exercising control on the media exposure.
Table No.5.7 Dimension-wise Mean Scores of School-going and Non-school-going Respondents
Dimension
Mean- Modernity score
Gain for the school-
going respondents
Z Value
Level of
Significance
School-going
(N=30)
Non School-
going (N=20)
Secular 6.04 5.42 0.62 4.37 P < 0.05
Scientific 9.22 8.94 0.28 0.86 P > 0.05 *
Universalistic 11.90 8.12 3.78 9.54 P < 0.05
Independence 7.72 7.16 0.56 2.45 P < 0.05
Achievement 10.26 8.34 1.92 5.68 P < 0.05
Civic 12.88 12.06 0.82 3.92 P < 0.05
*Not Significant
The Table 5.7 indicates that there is a small difference in the mean scores ranging from 5.42 to 8, 94 of the non-
school going respondents on the five dimensions of modernity except
Civic dimension which has got a higher mean score of 12.06, whereas in the case of the school-going
respondents mean scores are quite large ranging from 6.04 to 12.88.
The dimension-wise analysis further shows that the score of the school-going respondents is found to be higher
than that of the non-school-going respondents on all the dimensions. The difference was statistically significant
also on all the dimensions, except the scientific orientation. The Z value for secular dimension is 4.37 with 0.05
level of significance, for universalistic 9.54 with 0.05 level of significance, for independence 2.45 with 0.05
level of significance, achievement 5.68 with 0.05 level of significance and civic orientation 3.92 with 0.05 level
of significance. The Z value for scientific dimension is 0.86 which is not significant. Table 5.7 also indicates
that the difference in the mean score between these two groups is larger on the universalistic and achievement
orientations (3.78 and 1.92 respectively). Thus, it can be inferred that school education highly promotes the
development of universalistic and the achievement orientations, whereas it is less conducive to the growth of the
scientific, independence, secular and civic orientations.
FINDINGS: -
The findings of this study Indicate that education is
directly or indirectly responsible for the changes of
traditional village towards modernisation. The
following theoretical inferences can be drawn on the
basis of findings of this study,
1. Social structural elements of the villages are
undergoing changes due to education. Family,
occupation and fertility behaviour of the village with
education shows a trend of change than that of the
village without formal educational system. But the
change is not significant except in case of occupation.
2. The educated people respond differently from the
uneducated people on the questions pertaining to joint
family, monogamy, age at marriage, agricultural
occupations, inter-status interaction, status of women,
purdah system and religiosity.
3. It can he said that the school is a powerful
promoter of student modernity, Ait the school
education does not promote all the dimensions of
modernity equally. It is more conducive to the
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promotion of the civic, universal is tie and
achievement orientations and is less conducive to the
development of the secular, independence and
scientific orientations.
4. The educational variables are more powerful
facilitators of modernity. Whereas the familial
variables are Subordinate to the educational variables,
as they Prepare the ground for the students entry into
the School, nothing worthwhile could be achieved
without proper education, without the knowledge of
the various factors that affect the education of a child
and without knowing the extent to which each factor
is responsible in contributing towards all round
development of the child, Progress in any field
depends on the pattern and standard of education in a
country.
Implications of the Study:-
The study has following implications:
The school-going students are significantly more
modern than the non-school-going respondents and
the school has been found as a powerful Predictor of
student modernity. The study also reveals that the
education does not promote the scientific,
Independent and secular orientations as efficiently as
it promotes the universalistic and the achievement
orientations, thus calling for a change in the value-
content of the educational system. It should he
modified in such a manner that it may be equally
conducive to the promotion of the scientific, secular
and independence orientations along with other
psycho-social dispositions and in the long run, may
serve as a medium of character transformation.
The findings of this study also indicate that education
up to secondary stage significantly influences the
student modernity, Hence the government should
allocate larger funds to promote secondary education
and sincere efforts should be made to bring it within
the reach of every eligible child.
REFRENCES: -
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Education and
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