The document discusses the causes and effects of educated unemployment in India. Some of the key causes include a defective education system that does not prepare students for available jobs, a lack of industrial and technical training programs, and a lack of cottage industries in rural areas. Effects of educated unemployment include an increase in criminal activities, a decline in living standards and health, and depression among unemployed youth. Suggested remedies include expanding vocational training programs, increasing industrialization and rural development to generate more jobs, and providing career guidance and loans to help unemployed youth start small businesses.

1. EDUCATED UNEMPLOYMENT

2. CAUSES

3.  Defective education system:
 India is an agricultural country. More than 50% of
Indians live in villages and main source of living hood
is cultivation.
 A cultivator’s son having university degree never
prefers his father’s profession. He would prefer clerical
post. This made our countries unemployment problem
more acute.
 University education system does not cater to the
needs of these students.
 It should give stress to latest methods of cultivation
and farm managing.
 The number of agricultural colleges are less, ordinary
peasants can not afford to get their son’s education

4.  Lack of industrial and technical training:
 One of the major cause of mass-unemployment
among educated men in India.
There are only few governmental technical and
engineering institutions in the country.
Technical education is very costly that common
people can not afford to get their wards admitted
there.
Same in the case of private institutions and also
they may ne in the second position in the case of
placement when compared to the passouts from
governmental institutions.

5.  With the operation of our Five-year plan there is a
substantial need of technically-trained young men.
But the newly sprung-up industries can not offer
employment to non-technically educated youth.
Lack of network of cottage industries:
India is an agricultural country and villages are the
economic source.
The development of cottage industries can absorb
our millions of unemployed educational youth.
 Mentality:
 Majority of our youth dream for white collar jobs
and a high profile settlment.

6.  After receiving education in cities and towns they
prefer to stay there itself than settling down in their
village and do their ancestral work.
 This mentality of our educated young men must be
changed.
They should be made to believe that every labour
has its own dignity.
 Visa restriction imposed by the developed
countries.
As USA, Britain, Germany etc., are developed
countries, some of our educated unemployed are
prepared to seek jobs there.

7. But visa restrictions imposed by most of the
developed countries have further worsened the
employment opportunities for the educated
people.
Skill mismatch:
 People does not have the skills that are require for
the business.
 Similarly some people who have advanced degree
find themselves overqualified for their jobs.
Some qualified people work for fewer hours than
they would prefer. Young people are not allowed to
work to their full potential.

8.  Lack of access to capital:
Young people who want to make their own jobs by
starting a new business often struggle to find access
to afford loans.
High interest rates make it difficult for young people
to repay their loans on time.
 A digital divide:
 Job market is mainly concentrated in the digital
sector.
In some low income countries, there is a lack of
access to technology or the internet.

9.  Disloyalty under educated system:
Most of the educated people are knocking the
doors of government or commercial offices for the
post of petty clerks.
 Population and migration:
 Uncontrolled population growth and migration of
foreign job seekers in the country.
 Economic condition:
Educated people demands salary according to their
skill but due to weak economic conditions the
companies could not afford that.
 Once a company fails to pay its employers. They
have to leave jobs.

10.  Nepotism:
 The authority shows a personal bias to people in
their own relations or to the friends and denay the
opportunity to those who are qualified for the post.
Thus our educated youth get unemployed and it
will be offered to the undeserved ones.

11. EFFECTS

12.  In despair, the young men may take the law in to
hand. They may engage in many criminal activities.
Standard of living becomes low. Sharp increase in
poverty rate and low standard of public health.
Causes economic imbalance of the country.
Develop depression among youth.
Poor people can not manage the rising cost of basic
necessities.

13. REMEDIES

14.  Population explosion is a major cause. People
should be made aware of the benefits of population
control.
Government should open more training centers for
vocational education. Young men with special
training from these centers can easily fit in any
industrial undertaking.
The government should try for rapid
industrialization in under industrialized regions of
the country.
Village and cottage industries should be developed.
If village become sufficient in their economy the
villagers would not run to the cities in search of job.

15.  Rural people should be taught better methods of
agriculture.
 Loan facilities for unemployed youth so that they
can setup small industries.
 Skills should be taught from high school education.
 Career guidance.
Development of rural areas prevent migration of
rural people to urban area.
Government should allow more foreign companies
to open their unit in India, so that more
employment opportunities will be available.