The document discusses different views of learners, learning, teachers, and classrooms from behaviorist, cognitivist, and constructivist perspectives. From a behaviorist view, the learner is passive and shaped by environmental stimuli and reinforcement. The teacher controls the classroom and determines what is right. In cognitivism, learning involves internal mental processes and reorganizing knowledge. The teacher facilitates understanding through questioning. Constructivism posits that learners actively construct knowledge through experiences; the teacher guides discussion and supports self-directed learning through modeling, coaching, and scaffolding.

1. SUBMITTEDBY,
BENSI.B
NO.38

2. DEFINITION OF LEARNER, LEARNING,
TEACHER AND CLASSROOOM FROM
DIFFERENT POINT OF VIEW

3. BEHAVIORISTIC VIEWOF LEARNER, LEARNING,
TEACHER ANDCLASSROOM
Behaviorism is a theory of animal and human learning that
focuses upon the behavior of the learner and change in behavior
when learning taking place
Behaviorism-philosophy, theory, pedagogy –
They are underpinned by the principles of stimulus-responses
Behavior is explained without the need to consider internal
mental sates or consciousness
Pavlov-Conditioning –associative learning
Behavior or response is connected or associate with
another to aid the learning process

4. BEHAVIORISTIC VIEW OF LEARNER
 Learner is passive, responding to environmental
stimuli
 Learner starts out with a clean states , behavior is
shaped by positive and negative reinforcement
 Positive or negative reinforcement increases the
possibility of an event happening again

5. BEHAVIIORISTIC VIEW OF LEARNING
 It follows the basic definitions and explanation of
concepts, generalization, recalls
 The teacher is
dominant person in the classroom
takes complete control
evaluation of learning
decides what is right or wrong
 The learner does not have any opportunity for
evaluation or attention within the learning process
 They are simply told what is right or wrong
 Conceptualization –superficial- external changes in
behavior

6. BEHAVIORIST VIEW OF TEACHER
 Teacher role-providing material , promoting the
correct response
 Learner’s role-receiver of the information response
until the behavioral change is permanent
 Teachers with a behaviorist learning view errors as
not enough conditioning
 Without proper conditioning the students will make
mistakes

7. THE MAIN ROLE OF THE TEACHER
 Teacher can mold their students behavior based on the
theories of classical conditioning, operant conditioning
classical conditioning - a learning process that
occur when two stimuli are repeatedly paired
operant conditioning – that attempts to modify
behavior through and use of positive and negative
reinforced encouraged social learning
 Behavior can encouraged and discouraged based on
passive or negative reward a teacher gives a student
 Teacher are role model, students will be mimicking their
behavior

8.  Teacher can model use of technology-new
software, computer program – students see and
copy
 Motivating and facilitates learning
 Actively keep the students participation
 Teachers should
present material in small portions
Use repletion and lots of practices
Provide more individual work than group

9. BEHAVIORSTIC VIEW OF CLASSROOM
 Teacher uses behaviorism to manage his/her
classroom
 Teacher could use operant conditioning to reward
or punish his/her students
 When a student does not well on a test, the teacher
could candy as an intensive to continue do well on
a test
 Whenever a student misbehaviors, the teacher may
prevent the student from doing outside during
recess

10. COGNITIVISTIC VIEW OF LEARNER, LEARNING, TEACHER
AND CLASSROOM
 Cognitivism is totally different from behaviorism
 Study is psychology the focuses on mental
processes how people think, perceive and
learn, to solve problems, direct their attention to
one stimulus rather than another
 It reject behaviorism because it is result of stimulus
and response
 This theory attempts to explain learning by
understanding the internal mental process

11. COGNITIVE VIEW OF LEARNER
 Students use sensory, short term and long term
memory to solve information learning in class
 Students come up with mnemonic devise to
remember facts with ease
 Using existing knowledge to connect new
information to helps students retain information
 Technology can be used to organize information
into charts, graphs, concepts, maps etc…
 The student should think deeply and answer
questions about the topic to further develop their
understanding.
 Failure can be a good thing
 It helps the students recognize that they need to
learn more to achieve mastery of the topic

12. COGNITIVE VIEW OF LEARNING
 Learning occurs through internal processing of
information
 Cognitive information processing is governed by an
internal process rather than by external circumstance
 It more attention to what goes on inside the learner’s
head
 Focuses on mental process rather than observable
behavior
 Learning involves the reorganization of experiences
either by attaining new insights or changing old ones
 This learning is a change in knowledge which is stored
in memory and not just a change in behavior

13. COGNITIVE ROLE OF TEACHER
 To assist the learner’s application of the proper
learning strategy and the learner is active in the
learning process
 Teacher should
create an environment with lots of tools for
developing an understanding of the topic
Monitors student progress and ask lots of
questions
Provide visual and verbal for teaching

14. THE TEACHER USES FOLLOWING METHODS
FOR TEACHING
 Expository teaching
 Meaningful learning method
 Duel coding

15. COGNITIVE VIEW OF CLASSROOM
 Students need to stray away from lecturing and get
the students to actively participate
 Teachers should understand and incorporate
different learning styles in classroom
 Each students has different type of intelligence
 They should use their dominant intelligence, while
also working to improve their non dominant
intelligences
 All students have unique ways of learning though
they most likely do not learn the more advanced
terms until later

16. CONSTRUCTIVIST VIEW OF
LEARNER,LEARNING,TEACHER AND
CLASSROOM
 Based on observation and scientific study about
how people learn
 The people construct their own understanding an
knowledge of the world – through experiencing
things and reflecting on these experiences
 Examine something new
 Reconcile with our previous ideas and experiences
 We are active creation –our own knowledge
 Ask questions, explore and assess what we learn

17. CONSTRUCTIVIST VIEW OF LEARNER
 Student centered approach
 To learning suggesting – children must construct
their own understandings of the world in which they
live
 Learner is self-directed, creative and innovative in
nature
 Student culture ; embedded world view will allow
the student to arrive at his/her own version of truth
 Student role ; progressively begins to task
responsibility for their own learning as the
proportionally gain the skills to do so

18.  Student motivation ; mastery of skills and problem
solving gained from experimentation give
confidence in their learning
 Humans learn by modifying their ideas based on
their interactions and experiences

19. CONSTRUCTIVIST VIEW OF LEARNING
 Learner construct their own knowledge
 Recent develops in student learning- constructivist
philosophy
 Previous focused on-activity of the teacher,
structure of teaching or instruction is the key to
learning
 Knowledge transmitted from teacher to the learner
 Stresses the content and organization of the
curriculum
 Learners learn by experimentation
 Not by being told what will happen- to make their
own inferences discoveries and conclusions

20.  Social learning-constructivism is closely linked
through interactions with other people
 Students work in groups to figure out a problem-
project based learning
 Focuses on giving an open ended questions and
complex problem to a group of students , having
them figure out the best solution to the problem

21. CONSTRUCTIVIST VIEW OF TEACHER
 To prompt and facilitate discussion
 Teacher’s main focus should be on guiding
students by asking questions that will lead them to
develop their own conclusions on the subject
 Avid jonassen identified 3 major role of teacher to
support students
MODELING
COACHING
SCAFFOLDING

22. CONSTRUCTIVIST VIEW OF
CLASSROOM
 The learners are actively involve
 The environment is democratic
 The activities are interactive and student centered
 The teacher facilitates a process of learning in
which students are encouraged to be responsible
and autonomous
 Some activities encouraged in constructivist
classroom
EXPERIMENTATION, RESEARCH
PROJECT, FIELD TRIPS, FILMS