Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is caused by other diseases, irritating substances, allergies and genetic makeup. It is most common in children under three years old and those with a family history of asthma or hay fever. Symptoms include oozing blisters, dry leathery skin, intense itching and rashes, which can sometimes lead to bacterial infections or scarring. Treatments include moisturizers, mild soaps, wet dressings, anti-itch lotions and topical corticosteroids.