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Ascariasis
- 1. PRESENTED BY: KEAN G. AGAPITO,RN
- 2. ASCARIASIS One of the most common worm infections in people worldwide Caused by Ascaris Lumbricoides Ascariasis occurs most often in children in tropical and subtropical regions of the world — especially in areas with poor sanitation and hygiene.
- 3. Ascaris lumbricoide is the largest nematode (roundworm) parasitizing the human intestine. Ascaris lumbricoides is an intestinal worm found in the small intestine of man. They are more common in children then in adult.
- 4. Life cycle of Ascaris lumbricoides
- 5. Risk Factors Age. Most people who have ascariasis are 10 years old or younger. Children in this age group may be at higher risk because they're more likely to play in dirt. Warm climate. In the United States, ascariasis is more common in the Southeast, but it's more prevalent in developing countries with warm temperatures year-round. Poor sanitation. Ascariasis is widespread in developing countries where human feces are allowed to mix with local soil.
- 6. COMPLICATIONS Visceral damage, peritonitis and inflammation Enlargement of the liver or spleen Intestinal blockage Bowel obstruction Allergies Malnutrition
- 7. SYMPTOMS OF ASCARIASIS Abdominal discomfort Abdominal cramping Abdominal swelling (especially in children) Fever Coughing and/or wheezing Nausea Vomiting Passing roundworms and their eggs in the stool
- 8. FECALYSIS/ STOOL EXAM Stool examination for ova and parasites almost always discloses large, brown 60 µm X 50 µm trilayered eggs in persons with ascariasis. DIAGNOSIS
- 9. DIAGNOSIS
- 10. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) ERCP has become a commonly used procedure for both diagnosis of ascariasis and removal of worms from the biliary tract. The ease of diagnosis and therapy in the same setting makes ERCP particularly valuable when used with real-time ultrasonography.
- 11. TREATMENT DRUG OF CHOICE ALBENDAZOLE 400mg OD MEBENDAZOLE (100 mg bid for 3 d or 500 mg as a single dose)
- 12. Surgical Care Criteria for surgical exploration include the following: Passage of blood per rectum Multiple air fluid levels on abdominal radiographs An ill child with abdominal distension and rebound tenderness Unsatisfactory response to conservative therapy Appendicitis and primary peritonitis Hepatobiliary disease Pancreatic pseudocyst
- 13. PREVENTION Avoid ingesting soil that may be contaminated with human feces, including where human fecal matter ("night soil") or wastewater is used to fertilize crops. Wash your hands with soap and warm water before handling food.
- 14. PREVENTION Teach children the importance of washing hands to prevent infection. Wash, peel, or cook all raw vegetables and fruits before eating, particularly those that have been grown in soil that has been fertilized with manure.
- 15. MASS DRUG ADMINISTRATION The National School Deworming Day (NSDD) is one component of the Harmonized Schedule and Combined Mass Drug Administration initiative of the DOH to conduct a nationwide, simultaneous effort to deworm all 5-12 years old children enrolled in public elementary schools. School-aged children enrolled in private schools and children who are not enrolled may avail of the free deworming services at health centers, rural health units, and barangay health stations.
- 16. THANK YOU!