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ENVIROMENTAL
CONTROL SYSTEM
ZUHA TARIQ
20014795-019
BS-ARCHITECTURE
INSULATING MATERIAL
Materials that stop the flow of heat, electricity and sound.
TYPES OF INSULATING MATERIALS
Heat insulators
Electricity insulators
Sound insulators
Thermal Insulators
Reduce heat
Restrictions of heat losses and gain in
buildingstop the flow of heat, electricity and
sound.
TYPES OF THERMAL INSULATIONS
•Mineral Wool
•Fiberglass
•Polystyrene
•Cellulose
•Polyurethane Foam
PROPERTIES OF THERMAL INSULATIONS
•high electrical resistivity
•low thermal expansion
•low inflammable capacity
•high resistance to abrasion
•chemically stable
•high moisture resistance
•high specific heat capacity
•does not have permeability property
USES OF THERMAL INSULATORS
Reduce unwanted heat loss
Reduce unwanted heat gain
Minimize heat losses
Used to achieve thermal
comfort
Used around the roof
Used in exterior walls
Used in ground floor
ELECTRICAL INSULATORS
An electrical insulator is a material in which electric current does
not flow freely. The atoms of the insulator have tightly bound
electrons which cannot readily move.
TYPES OF ELECTRICAL INSULATIONS
Mica
Asbestos
Rubber
Paper
Porcelain
Glass
Cotton
PROPERTIES OF
ELECTRICAL INSULATIONS
USES OF ELECTRICAL
INSULATIONS
High resistance
Heat resistance
Air permeability
Thermo-insulating materials
Best thermal insulators have the
lowest thermal conductivity
Used for splitting for two
conductors
Insulating materials is used in bulk
to wrap electrical cables
coating for electric wires
cables
electric poles
circuit boards
SOUND INSULATION
Sound insulation relates to the overall ability of
a building element or building structure to
reduce the sound transmission through it
Airborne sound insulation
Impact sound insulation
TYPES OFSOUND INSULATION
IMPACT SOUND INSULATION
Relates to the reduction of footstep sound from people walking on
a floor structure. It is determined by the impact sound level in the
room below. A suspended ceiling system can be used to improve
the impact sound insulation and therefore reduce the impact sound
level.
AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION
Sound is transmitted through most walls and floors by setting
the entire structure into vibration. The higher the transmission
loss of a wall, the better it functions as a barrier to the
passage of unwanted noise.
USES OF SOUND INSULATION
Auditoriums/Gymnasiums
Restaurants
Broadcast Studios
Recording Studios
Theaters
Music Halls
Office Spaces
Corporate Boardrooms
Conference Rooms
Entertainment Facilities
Residential
Apartments/Condo
Home Offices
Home Recording Studio
Institutional
Educational Buildings
Sanctuaries
Museums/Libraries
THERMAL TRANSMITTANCE
Thermal transmittance, also known as U-value, is the rate of
transfer of heat (in watts) through one square metre of a
structure divided by the difference in temperature across the
structure. It is expressed in watts per metres squared kelvin,
or W/m²K.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE U-VALUE
In building engineering, the fluids are air. In this case, windows,
masonry, plaster or other insulating materials serve as heat
transmitting solids. These components should prevent the heat
transfer between the interior of the house and the environment
as much as possible.
REFLECTING SURFACES
A reflective surface is one that can bounce back light
DIFFUSE REFLECTING SURFACE
Diffuse surfaces reflect (scatter) light in many
angles.
Diffuse reflection accounts for more of the
color than any other type of distribution
because most objects are opaque and reflect
light diffusely.
SPECULAR REFLECTING SURFACE
Specular surfaces reflect light at the same as
the angle at which the light strikes the
surface.
Specular reflection gives objects a glossy or
mirror-like appearance.
GLOSSY REFLECTING SURACE
lossy surfaces are actually specular
surfaces with micro surfaces at angles to
surface plane.
These micro surfaces reflect light not only
specularly but also diffusely (at angles very
close to the specular transmission), giving
the surface a glossy appearance.
THANK YOU

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ECS PPT 1.pptx

  • 2. INSULATING MATERIAL Materials that stop the flow of heat, electricity and sound.
  • 3. TYPES OF INSULATING MATERIALS Heat insulators Electricity insulators Sound insulators Thermal Insulators Reduce heat Restrictions of heat losses and gain in buildingstop the flow of heat, electricity and sound.
  • 4. TYPES OF THERMAL INSULATIONS •Mineral Wool •Fiberglass •Polystyrene •Cellulose •Polyurethane Foam
  • 5.
  • 6. PROPERTIES OF THERMAL INSULATIONS •high electrical resistivity •low thermal expansion •low inflammable capacity •high resistance to abrasion •chemically stable •high moisture resistance •high specific heat capacity •does not have permeability property
  • 7. USES OF THERMAL INSULATORS Reduce unwanted heat loss Reduce unwanted heat gain Minimize heat losses Used to achieve thermal comfort Used around the roof Used in exterior walls Used in ground floor
  • 8. ELECTRICAL INSULATORS An electrical insulator is a material in which electric current does not flow freely. The atoms of the insulator have tightly bound electrons which cannot readily move. TYPES OF ELECTRICAL INSULATIONS Mica Asbestos Rubber Paper Porcelain Glass Cotton
  • 9. PROPERTIES OF ELECTRICAL INSULATIONS USES OF ELECTRICAL INSULATIONS High resistance Heat resistance Air permeability Thermo-insulating materials Best thermal insulators have the lowest thermal conductivity Used for splitting for two conductors Insulating materials is used in bulk to wrap electrical cables coating for electric wires cables electric poles circuit boards
  • 10. SOUND INSULATION Sound insulation relates to the overall ability of a building element or building structure to reduce the sound transmission through it Airborne sound insulation Impact sound insulation TYPES OFSOUND INSULATION
  • 11. IMPACT SOUND INSULATION Relates to the reduction of footstep sound from people walking on a floor structure. It is determined by the impact sound level in the room below. A suspended ceiling system can be used to improve the impact sound insulation and therefore reduce the impact sound level.
  • 12. AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION Sound is transmitted through most walls and floors by setting the entire structure into vibration. The higher the transmission loss of a wall, the better it functions as a barrier to the passage of unwanted noise.
  • 13. USES OF SOUND INSULATION Auditoriums/Gymnasiums Restaurants Broadcast Studios Recording Studios Theaters Music Halls Office Spaces Corporate Boardrooms Conference Rooms Entertainment Facilities Residential Apartments/Condo Home Offices Home Recording Studio Institutional Educational Buildings Sanctuaries Museums/Libraries
  • 14.
  • 15. THERMAL TRANSMITTANCE Thermal transmittance, also known as U-value, is the rate of transfer of heat (in watts) through one square metre of a structure divided by the difference in temperature across the structure. It is expressed in watts per metres squared kelvin, or W/m²K.
  • 16. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE U-VALUE In building engineering, the fluids are air. In this case, windows, masonry, plaster or other insulating materials serve as heat transmitting solids. These components should prevent the heat transfer between the interior of the house and the environment as much as possible.
  • 17. REFLECTING SURFACES A reflective surface is one that can bounce back light DIFFUSE REFLECTING SURFACE Diffuse surfaces reflect (scatter) light in many angles. Diffuse reflection accounts for more of the color than any other type of distribution because most objects are opaque and reflect light diffusely.
  • 18. SPECULAR REFLECTING SURFACE Specular surfaces reflect light at the same as the angle at which the light strikes the surface. Specular reflection gives objects a glossy or mirror-like appearance. GLOSSY REFLECTING SURACE lossy surfaces are actually specular surfaces with micro surfaces at angles to surface plane. These micro surfaces reflect light not only specularly but also diffusely (at angles very close to the specular transmission), giving the surface a glossy appearance.