Economists argue that some environments are more conducive to econom.pdf
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economies of scale diseconomies of scale economic profit accounting profit economies of scale diseconomies of scale economic profit accounting profit SATCLong-Run Average Cost 9 5 SATC SATC2 SATC 0 300 600 900 200 1500 Quantity Solution d) Accounting profit In the long-run there is zero economic profit. Firms earn only normal profit. Also, in the long-run firms can adjust their production capacities as per the demand and hence economies / diseconomies of scale are not experienced..
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Business Environment_Unit 3.pdf
Unit 3 covers the topics of Politico-Legal Environment. The students, readers, marketers must be aware about it.
UNI I-Business-Environment - Copy.pptx
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
A. To define what the business plan is who prepares it, who reads it, and how it
is evaluated.
B. To understand the scope and value of the business plan to investors, lenders,
employees, suppliers, and customers.
PLANNING AS PART OF THE BUSINESS OPERATION
Planning is a process that never ends. In the early stages, the entrepreneur should
prepare a preliminary plan. The plan will be finalized as the enterprise develops. Many
different types of plans may be part of any business operation-financial, marketing,
production, and sales plans. Plans may be short term or long term, or they may be strategic or
operational. All of these plans have one purpose: to provide guidance and structure to
management in a rapidly changing market environment.
What Is the Business Plan?
A business plan is a written document prepared by the entrepreneur that describes all
the relevant external and internal elements involved in starting a new venture. It addresses
both short- and long-term decision making. The business plan is like a road map for the
business’ development. The Internet also provides outlines for business planning.
Entrepreneurs can also hire or offer equity to another person to provide expertise in preparing
the business plan. In developing the business plan the entrepreneur can determine how much
money will be needed from new and existing sources.
WHO SHOULD WRITE THE PLAN
The business plan should be prepared by the entrepreneur; however, he or she may
consult many sources. Lawyers, accountants, marketing consultants, and engineers are useful
supplemental sources. Other resources are the Small Business Administration, Service Core
of Retired Executives, Small Business Development Centers, universities, friends, and
relatives. To help determine whether to hire a consultant, the entrepreneur needs to make an
objective assessment of his or her own skills.
HOW DO POTENTIAL LENDERS AND INVESTORS EVALUATE THE PLAN
Because the business plan should address the needs of all the potential evaluators,
software packages and Internet samples should be used only to assist in preparation. As the
entrepreneur becomes aware of who will read the plan, changes will be necessary. Suppliers
may want to see a business plan before signing a contract to supply products or services.
Customers may also want to review the plan before buying the product. The business plan
should consider the needs of these constituencies. Potential suppliers of capital will vary in
their needs and requirements in the business plan. Lenders are primarily interested in the
ability of the new venture to pay back the debt and focus on the four C’s of credit:
The entrepreneur’s credit history or character.
Their ability to meet debt and interest payments (cash flow.)
The collateral or tangible assets being secured.
PRESENTING THE PLAN
It is often necessary for an entrepreneur to orally present the business plan to investors.
Typically the Entrepreneur provides a short (20-30 m
Recommended
Business Environment_Unit 3.pdf
Unit 3 covers the topics of Politico-Legal Environment. The students, readers, marketers must be aware about it.
UNI I-Business-Environment - Copy.pptx
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
A. To define what the business plan is who prepares it, who reads it, and how it
is evaluated.
B. To understand the scope and value of the business plan to investors, lenders,
employees, suppliers, and customers.
PLANNING AS PART OF THE BUSINESS OPERATION
Planning is a process that never ends. In the early stages, the entrepreneur should
prepare a preliminary plan. The plan will be finalized as the enterprise develops. Many
different types of plans may be part of any business operation-financial, marketing,
production, and sales plans. Plans may be short term or long term, or they may be strategic or
operational. All of these plans have one purpose: to provide guidance and structure to
management in a rapidly changing market environment.
What Is the Business Plan?
A business plan is a written document prepared by the entrepreneur that describes all
the relevant external and internal elements involved in starting a new venture. It addresses
both short- and long-term decision making. The business plan is like a road map for the
business’ development. The Internet also provides outlines for business planning.
Entrepreneurs can also hire or offer equity to another person to provide expertise in preparing
the business plan. In developing the business plan the entrepreneur can determine how much
money will be needed from new and existing sources.
WHO SHOULD WRITE THE PLAN
The business plan should be prepared by the entrepreneur; however, he or she may
consult many sources. Lawyers, accountants, marketing consultants, and engineers are useful
supplemental sources. Other resources are the Small Business Administration, Service Core
of Retired Executives, Small Business Development Centers, universities, friends, and
relatives. To help determine whether to hire a consultant, the entrepreneur needs to make an
objective assessment of his or her own skills.
HOW DO POTENTIAL LENDERS AND INVESTORS EVALUATE THE PLAN
Because the business plan should address the needs of all the potential evaluators,
software packages and Internet samples should be used only to assist in preparation. As the
entrepreneur becomes aware of who will read the plan, changes will be necessary. Suppliers
may want to see a business plan before signing a contract to supply products or services.
Customers may also want to review the plan before buying the product. The business plan
should consider the needs of these constituencies. Potential suppliers of capital will vary in
their needs and requirements in the business plan. Lenders are primarily interested in the
ability of the new venture to pay back the debt and focus on the four C’s of credit:
The entrepreneur’s credit history or character.
Their ability to meet debt and interest payments (cash flow.)
The collateral or tangible assets being secured.
PRESENTING THE PLAN
It is often necessary for an entrepreneur to orally present the business plan to investors.
Typically the Entrepreneur provides a short (20-30 m
16Economics Final Project Submission Policy Research and Orga
16
Economics Final Project Submission: Policy Research and Organizational Analysis Report
Luz Rodriguez
Southern New Hampshire University
Economics Final Project Submission: Policy Research and Organizational Analysis Report
In the current healthcare system, hospitals face diverse financial and economic decisions, which impact how they operate. It is crucial for hospital administrators to have sound economic and financial knowledge if they are to make the right decisions that will ensure their institutions continue operating in a sustainable manner. In this context, this paper gives a comprehensive discussion of various economic theories, economic principles, economic legislative issues, and disparities that impact healthcare institutions. The paper then applies these principles to The Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore to provide a practical view of their importance in how hospitals operate.
Economic Theories and Principles
Economic Disparities
The financial well-being of the industry has a huge bearing on the availability of healthcare. In this context, market and demand theories are instrumental in understanding the industry’s financial well-being. Looking at the example of The Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, it is clear that the economic principles of demand and market/consumer behavior have a profound impact on the entity’s financial statements. Consequently, there are times when there is a spike in revenue while there are periods when revenues drop. For instance, during holidays and festive periods, revenues spike due to a rise in the number of injuries and accidents associated with travel and other fun-related activities like overindulgence in alcohol. Also, hospital management performance has a huge bearing on an institution’s profitability (Lee & Park, (2015). The Johns Hopkins Hospital has increased its performance over the years. Thus, its patient satisfaction has also risen over the years, which explains why its financial statements continue to improve as time goes by. The aspect of demand also impacts the profitability of the institution. The ever-growing population implies that the institution has more clients to serve and profit from. The hospital has a steady supply of new patients due to the relatively steady mortality and birth rates. Finally, poor consumer lifestyle trends increase hospital visits and the institution’s profitability.
Economic Theories
There are certain economic theories that are useful when applied to the healthcare industry. First, there is market power, which refers to the ability of a firm to successfully impact how its services or products are priced in the marketplace. In healthcare planning, it is crucial for policymakers to facilitate the creation of an environment where healthcare institutions can freely define the prices for their services. This is crucial in ensuring that there is healthy competition for all healthcare providers (Frech et al., 2015). However, the drawback in such a cas ...
16Economics Final Project Submission Policy Research and Orga
16
Economics Final Project Submission: Policy Research and Organizational Analysis Report
Luz Rodriguez
Southern New Hampshire University
Economics Final Project Submission: Policy Research and Organizational Analysis Report
In the current healthcare system, hospitals face diverse financial and economic decisions, which impact how they operate. It is crucial for hospital administrators to have sound economic and financial knowledge if they are to make the right decisions that will ensure their institutions continue operating in a sustainable manner. In this context, this paper gives a comprehensive discussion of various economic theories, economic principles, economic legislative issues, and disparities that impact healthcare institutions. The paper then applies these principles to The Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore to provide a practical view of their importance in how hospitals operate.
Economic Theories and Principles
Economic Disparities
The financial well-being of the industry has a huge bearing on the availability of healthcare. In this context, market and demand theories are instrumental in understanding the industry’s financial well-being. Looking at the example of The Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, it is clear that the economic principles of demand and market/consumer behavior have a profound impact on the entity’s financial statements. Consequently, there are times when there is a spike in revenue while there are periods when revenues drop. For instance, during holidays and festive periods, revenues spike due to a rise in the number of injuries and accidents associated with travel and other fun-related activities like overindulgence in alcohol. Also, hospital management performance has a huge bearing on an institution’s profitability (Lee & Park, (2015). The Johns Hopkins Hospital has increased its performance over the years. Thus, its patient satisfaction has also risen over the years, which explains why its financial statements continue to improve as time goes by. The aspect of demand also impacts the profitability of the institution. The ever-growing population implies that the institution has more clients to serve and profit from. The hospital has a steady supply of new patients due to the relatively steady mortality and birth rates. Finally, poor consumer lifestyle trends increase hospital visits and the institution’s profitability.
Economic Theories
There are certain economic theories that are useful when applied to the healthcare industry. First, there is market power, which refers to the ability of a firm to successfully impact how its services or products are priced in the marketplace. In healthcare planning, it is crucial for policymakers to facilitate the creation of an environment where healthcare institutions can freely define the prices for their services. This is crucial in ensuring that there is healthy competition for all healthcare providers (Frech et al., 2015). However, the drawback in such a cas ...
ECON 301 Week 5 DiscussionsGroup 2 US Trade PolicySummaryFor.docx
ECON 301 Week 5 Discussions
Group 2 US Trade Policy
Summary
For our group project we have decided to research, analyze, and formulate an argument on the World Trade Organization (WTO) in regards to the US Trade Policy. In our paper we have discussed what WTO stands for and the goal of this organization. We have also addressed the latest form of trade negotiations among the WTO membership – Doha Development Round and the controversial topics of protectionism and free trade. Among the research we have performed, we as a group have come to a conclusion that we support this organization. Although there are incomplete developments that still need to be addressed, we continue to support this organization because of the fact that numerous nations come together in order to reform these conflicts.
Questions:
1. What makes free trade a better option than protectionism for the economic situation in the US?
2. What consequences would the WTO face if they acted unethically given their power?
Group 3 US Fiscal Policy
Fiscal Policy refers to the practice of monitoring spending levels and tax rates to try and influence our economy. Before the Great Depression, which started in the late twenties, our government had a hands off approach to the economy or a laissez-faire approach. After the Second World War it was deemed necessary for the government to become involved in our economy. (Heakal, Reem) They decided this would be necessary in order to attempt to influence unemployment, the business cycle and inflation. Of course there are many different ideas on the best approach and way to accomplish this.
The government takes initiative in trying to regulate unemployment, unemployment benefits, and taxation. They do this through the use of what is known as automatic stabilizers, which are programs and policies meant to balance fluctuations in the economy. During a recession, automatic stabilizers are expanded, and during an economic boom, the automatic stabilizers are reduced. An example of this would be unemployment benefits (David Weil). When there is a recession and unemployment is high, the government spends more money on unemployment benefits, whereas when the unemployment is low, the government spends less money on unemployment benefits. According to William J. Carrington, an analyst of the Congressional budget office, some of the fiscal policies used to reduce unemployment include household assistance (reducing employees’ taxes, increased unemployment insurance expenditures, and more refundable tax), business assistance, and financial aid to the states. Carrington also shows that to reduce unemployment, unemployment benefit policies must be modified such as an extension to the duration of benefits, reemployment bonuses, and offering wage insurance. Fiscal Policy can also be used to influence new ideas like those in alternative energies.
The United States government often tries to finds ways to stimulate the economy while looking towards its future. T ...
Business Environment
This project is about the subject of "Business Environment," and it includes a detailed explanation with a diagram.
DBA 7035, Business, Government and Society 1 Course L.docx
DBA 7035, Business, Government and Society 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit III
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
1. Distinguish between the market and nonmarket environment of business by explaining the four Is of
the nonmarket environment.
1.1 Articulate the need for appropriate regulatory oversight of business.
1.2 Explain the impact of government on business.
4. Summarize the three broad classes of political strategy, and compare their cost.
4.1 Identify the classes of political strategy.
4.2 Illustrate the application of political strategies and their importance to business.
5. Assess the effectiveness and propriety of grassroots lobbying strategies by political action
committees that represent business.
5.1 Summarize how corporations influence government decision-making.
5.2 Evaluate how a specific firm uses lobbying strategies.
Reading Assignment
Chapter 4: Legal, Regulatory, and Political Issues
Unit Lesson
Introduction
Of course, businesses do not operate in a vacuum. Businesses are subject to the environment within which
they operate. This environment includes the legal, regulatory, and political framework. These factors are
dynamic and subject to considerable variance. Organizations must be cognizant of these changes and adapt
as appropriate.
Legal, Regulatory, and Political Issues
In Chapter 4, we examine the influence of various stakeholders on public officials who regulate business.
Governmental policies, public sentiment, and ethical dilemmas serve as principal factors restricting market
opportunities, but they also serve as catalysts for value-creating opportunities. Of course, a key to our
discussion in this unit is that the legal, regulatory, and political framework is subject to change. In that regard,
businesses must monitor their environment and respond to change as it occurs. For example, the U.S. Food
and Drug Administration (FDA) prevents food manufacturers from taking advantage of consumers with false
and misleading advertising by allowing only FDA-approved nutrient and health claims to appear on food
labels (FDA, n.d.). Meanwhile, health-conscious consumers are demanding more food choices that support
healthy dietary practices.
Food manufacturers and retailers can capitalize on the opportunity to meet the dietary needs of consumers by
providing healthier food selections and enticing consumer purchases with informative labeling that not only
meets FDA approval, but also serves as promotional advertising. Once held responsible for obesity and other
dietary concerns, fast food businesses are expanding their menus to offer healthier choices and are becoming
more transparent about the content of the foods served. An emerging issue of interest in this area is the
regulation of sugar in drinks. For example, the City of New York has moved to regulate the sugar content of
drinks because sugary drinks are viewed as driving obesit ...
DBA 7035, Business, Government and Society 1 Course L.docx
DBA 7035, Business, Government and Society 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit III
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
1. Distinguish between the market and nonmarket environment of business by explaining the four Is of
the nonmarket environment.
1.1 Articulate the need for appropriate regulatory oversight of business.
1.2 Explain the impact of government on business.
4. Summarize the three broad classes of political strategy, and compare their cost.
4.1 Identify the classes of political strategy.
4.2 Illustrate the application of political strategies and their importance to business.
5. Assess the effectiveness and propriety of grassroots lobbying strategies by political action
committees that represent business.
5.1 Summarize how corporations influence government decision-making.
5.2 Evaluate how a specific firm uses lobbying strategies.
Reading Assignment
Chapter 4: Legal, Regulatory, and Political Issues
Unit Lesson
Introduction
Of course, businesses do not operate in a vacuum. Businesses are subject to the environment within which
they operate. This environment includes the legal, regulatory, and political framework. These factors are
dynamic and subject to considerable variance. Organizations must be cognizant of these changes and adapt
as appropriate.
Legal, Regulatory, and Political Issues
In Chapter 4, we examine the influence of various stakeholders on public officials who regulate business.
Governmental policies, public sentiment, and ethical dilemmas serve as principal factors restricting market
opportunities, but they also serve as catalysts for value-creating opportunities. Of course, a key to our
discussion in this unit is that the legal, regulatory, and political framework is subject to change. In that regard,
businesses must monitor their environment and respond to change as it occurs. For example, the U.S. Food
and Drug Administration (FDA) prevents food manufacturers from taking advantage of consumers with false
and misleading advertising by allowing only FDA-approved nutrient and health claims to appear on food
labels (FDA, n.d.). Meanwhile, health-conscious consumers are demanding more food choices that support
healthy dietary practices.
Food manufacturers and retailers can capitalize on the opportunity to meet the dietary needs of consumers by
providing healthier food selections and enticing consumer purchases with informative labeling that not only
meets FDA approval, but also serves as promotional advertising. Once held responsible for obesity and other
dietary concerns, fast food businesses are expanding their menus to offer healthier choices and are becoming
more transparent about the content of the foods served. An emerging issue of interest in this area is the
regulation of sugar in drinks. For example, the City of New York has moved to regulate the sugar content of
drinks because sugary drinks are viewed as driving obesit.
Introduction to Financial Management ppt.ppt
1.1. Nature and Definition of Auditing
Different scholars have defined auditing in different ways. For example, Auditing is a process of collection and evaluation of evidence for the purpose of reporting on economic transaction. The other definition of auditing given by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, in its publication titled, General Guidelines on Internal Auditing has defined auditing as ‘ a systematic and independent evaluation of data, statements, records, operations and performances ( financial or otherwise) of an enterprise for stated purpose. In any auditing situation, the auditor perceives and recognizes the propositions before him for examination, collects evidence, evaluates the same and on this basis formulates his/her judgment which is communicated through audit report.
As it is cited in Kanal Gupta and Arora A.(1996,p6), Arens and Loebbecke defined auditing as the process by which a complete, independent person accumulates and evaluates evidence about quantifiable information related to specific economic entity for the purpose of determining and reporting on the degree of correspondence between the quantifiable information and established criteria. To sum up, Auditing is the process of verifying the assertions produced by accounting, as to whether they present a true and fair view of the entity's financial position in accordance with accounting standards and GAAP. In other words, auditing seeks to verify whether or not financial records have been properly prepared.
Study Note
The term audit is derived from the Latin term ‘audire,’ which means to hear. In early days an auditor used to listen to the accounts read over by an accountant in order to check them Auditing is as old as accounting.
It was in use in all ancient countries such as Mesopotamia, Greece, Egypt. Rome, U.K. and India. The Vedas contain reference to accounts and auditing.
The original objective of auditing was to detect and prevent errors and frauds and most recently objective of audit shifted to ascertain whether the accounts were true and fair rather than detection of errors and frauds.
Auditing evolved and grew rapidly after the industrial revolution in the 18th century with the growth of the joint stock companies the ownership and management became separate.
The shareholders who were the owners needed a report from an independent expert on the accounts of the company managed by the board of directors who were the employees.
1.2. Historical Development of Auditing
The development of auditing is closely linked to the development of accounting. In the early stage of civilization, the number of transaction was usually so small that able to record the transactions himself. However, with the growth of civilization and consequential growth in volume and complexity of transactions, it becomes necessary to entrust the job of recording the transactions to other persons. The trend started with maintenance of accounts to empires by public officials
Employees have certain legal rights such as the right to be paid a m.pdf
Employees at a large computer company earn sick leave in one-minute increments depending on
how many hours per month they work. They can then use the sick leave time any time
throughout the year. Any unused time goes into a sick bank account that they or other employees
can use in the case of emergencies. The human resources department has determined that the
amount of unused sick time for individual employees is uniformly distributed between 0 and 480
minutes. Based on this information, what is the probability that an employee will have less than
20 minutes of unused sick time?
Solution
(20 minutes - 0)/(480 minutes - 0) = 1/24 = 0.042.
Emma and Will want to be in the same advanced mathematics class. The.pdf
Emily Turnbull, president of Aerobic Equipment Corporation, is concerned about her
employees’ well-being. The company offers its employees free medical, dental, and life
insurance coverage. It also matches employee contributions to a voluntary retirement plan up to
7% of their salaries. Assume that no employee’s cumulative wages exceed the relevant wage
bases. Payroll information for the biweekly payroll period ending January 24 is listed below.
1. Record the employee salary expense, withholdings, and salaries payable.
Record the employee salary expense and withholdings.
2. Record the employer-provided fringe benefits.
Record the employer-provided fringe benefits.
3. Record the employer payroll taxes.
Record the employer payroll taxes. Wages and salaries$ 1,650,000 Employee
contribution to voluntary retirement plan82,500 Medical insurance premiums paid by
employer33,000 Dental insurance premiums paid by employer11,550 Life insurance
premiums paid by employer5,775 Federal and state income tax withheld354,750
FICA tax rate7.65 % Federal and state unemployment tax rate6.20 %
1. Record the employee salary expense, withholdings, and salaries payable.
Record the employee salary expense and withholdings.
2. Record the employer-provided fringe benefits.
Record the employer-provided fringe benefits.
3. Record the employer payroll taxes.
Record the employer payroll taxes.
Solution
Journal Entries:DateAccount TitleDebitCreditxxxWages and Salaries1,650,000Employee
contribution to Retirement plan82,500FICA Taxes payable126,225Federal and Income tax
withheld354,750Net Wages and salaries payable1,086,525xxxPayroll Tax
expenses268,125Medical Insurance Premium33,000Dental Insurance Premium11,550Life
Insurance Premium5,775Federal and State Unemployment Tax102,300Contribution to voluntary
retirement plan115,500.
More Related Content
Similar to Economists argue that some environments are more conducive to econom.pdf
16Economics Final Project Submission Policy Research and Orga
16
Economics Final Project Submission: Policy Research and Organizational Analysis Report
Luz Rodriguez
Southern New Hampshire University
Economics Final Project Submission: Policy Research and Organizational Analysis Report
In the current healthcare system, hospitals face diverse financial and economic decisions, which impact how they operate. It is crucial for hospital administrators to have sound economic and financial knowledge if they are to make the right decisions that will ensure their institutions continue operating in a sustainable manner. In this context, this paper gives a comprehensive discussion of various economic theories, economic principles, economic legislative issues, and disparities that impact healthcare institutions. The paper then applies these principles to The Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore to provide a practical view of their importance in how hospitals operate.
Economic Theories and Principles
Economic Disparities
The financial well-being of the industry has a huge bearing on the availability of healthcare. In this context, market and demand theories are instrumental in understanding the industry’s financial well-being. Looking at the example of The Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, it is clear that the economic principles of demand and market/consumer behavior have a profound impact on the entity’s financial statements. Consequently, there are times when there is a spike in revenue while there are periods when revenues drop. For instance, during holidays and festive periods, revenues spike due to a rise in the number of injuries and accidents associated with travel and other fun-related activities like overindulgence in alcohol. Also, hospital management performance has a huge bearing on an institution’s profitability (Lee & Park, (2015). The Johns Hopkins Hospital has increased its performance over the years. Thus, its patient satisfaction has also risen over the years, which explains why its financial statements continue to improve as time goes by. The aspect of demand also impacts the profitability of the institution. The ever-growing population implies that the institution has more clients to serve and profit from. The hospital has a steady supply of new patients due to the relatively steady mortality and birth rates. Finally, poor consumer lifestyle trends increase hospital visits and the institution’s profitability.
Economic Theories
There are certain economic theories that are useful when applied to the healthcare industry. First, there is market power, which refers to the ability of a firm to successfully impact how its services or products are priced in the marketplace. In healthcare planning, it is crucial for policymakers to facilitate the creation of an environment where healthcare institutions can freely define the prices for their services. This is crucial in ensuring that there is healthy competition for all healthcare providers (Frech et al., 2015). However, the drawback in such a cas ...
16Economics Final Project Submission Policy Research and Orga
16
Economics Final Project Submission: Policy Research and Organizational Analysis Report
Luz Rodriguez
Southern New Hampshire University
Economics Final Project Submission: Policy Research and Organizational Analysis Report
In the current healthcare system, hospitals face diverse financial and economic decisions, which impact how they operate. It is crucial for hospital administrators to have sound economic and financial knowledge if they are to make the right decisions that will ensure their institutions continue operating in a sustainable manner. In this context, this paper gives a comprehensive discussion of various economic theories, economic principles, economic legislative issues, and disparities that impact healthcare institutions. The paper then applies these principles to The Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore to provide a practical view of their importance in how hospitals operate.
Economic Theories and Principles
Economic Disparities
The financial well-being of the industry has a huge bearing on the availability of healthcare. In this context, market and demand theories are instrumental in understanding the industry’s financial well-being. Looking at the example of The Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, it is clear that the economic principles of demand and market/consumer behavior have a profound impact on the entity’s financial statements. Consequently, there are times when there is a spike in revenue while there are periods when revenues drop. For instance, during holidays and festive periods, revenues spike due to a rise in the number of injuries and accidents associated with travel and other fun-related activities like overindulgence in alcohol. Also, hospital management performance has a huge bearing on an institution’s profitability (Lee & Park, (2015). The Johns Hopkins Hospital has increased its performance over the years. Thus, its patient satisfaction has also risen over the years, which explains why its financial statements continue to improve as time goes by. The aspect of demand also impacts the profitability of the institution. The ever-growing population implies that the institution has more clients to serve and profit from. The hospital has a steady supply of new patients due to the relatively steady mortality and birth rates. Finally, poor consumer lifestyle trends increase hospital visits and the institution’s profitability.
Economic Theories
There are certain economic theories that are useful when applied to the healthcare industry. First, there is market power, which refers to the ability of a firm to successfully impact how its services or products are priced in the marketplace. In healthcare planning, it is crucial for policymakers to facilitate the creation of an environment where healthcare institutions can freely define the prices for their services. This is crucial in ensuring that there is healthy competition for all healthcare providers (Frech et al., 2015). However, the drawback in such a cas ...
ECON 301 Week 5 DiscussionsGroup 2 US Trade PolicySummaryFor.docx
ECON 301 Week 5 Discussions
Group 2 US Trade Policy
Summary
For our group project we have decided to research, analyze, and formulate an argument on the World Trade Organization (WTO) in regards to the US Trade Policy. In our paper we have discussed what WTO stands for and the goal of this organization. We have also addressed the latest form of trade negotiations among the WTO membership – Doha Development Round and the controversial topics of protectionism and free trade. Among the research we have performed, we as a group have come to a conclusion that we support this organization. Although there are incomplete developments that still need to be addressed, we continue to support this organization because of the fact that numerous nations come together in order to reform these conflicts.
Questions:
1. What makes free trade a better option than protectionism for the economic situation in the US?
2. What consequences would the WTO face if they acted unethically given their power?
Group 3 US Fiscal Policy
Fiscal Policy refers to the practice of monitoring spending levels and tax rates to try and influence our economy. Before the Great Depression, which started in the late twenties, our government had a hands off approach to the economy or a laissez-faire approach. After the Second World War it was deemed necessary for the government to become involved in our economy. (Heakal, Reem) They decided this would be necessary in order to attempt to influence unemployment, the business cycle and inflation. Of course there are many different ideas on the best approach and way to accomplish this.
The government takes initiative in trying to regulate unemployment, unemployment benefits, and taxation. They do this through the use of what is known as automatic stabilizers, which are programs and policies meant to balance fluctuations in the economy. During a recession, automatic stabilizers are expanded, and during an economic boom, the automatic stabilizers are reduced. An example of this would be unemployment benefits (David Weil). When there is a recession and unemployment is high, the government spends more money on unemployment benefits, whereas when the unemployment is low, the government spends less money on unemployment benefits. According to William J. Carrington, an analyst of the Congressional budget office, some of the fiscal policies used to reduce unemployment include household assistance (reducing employees’ taxes, increased unemployment insurance expenditures, and more refundable tax), business assistance, and financial aid to the states. Carrington also shows that to reduce unemployment, unemployment benefit policies must be modified such as an extension to the duration of benefits, reemployment bonuses, and offering wage insurance. Fiscal Policy can also be used to influence new ideas like those in alternative energies.
The United States government often tries to finds ways to stimulate the economy while looking towards its future. T ...
Business Environment
This project is about the subject of "Business Environment," and it includes a detailed explanation with a diagram.
DBA 7035, Business, Government and Society 1 Course L.docx
DBA 7035, Business, Government and Society 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit III
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
1. Distinguish between the market and nonmarket environment of business by explaining the four Is of
the nonmarket environment.
1.1 Articulate the need for appropriate regulatory oversight of business.
1.2 Explain the impact of government on business.
4. Summarize the three broad classes of political strategy, and compare their cost.
4.1 Identify the classes of political strategy.
4.2 Illustrate the application of political strategies and their importance to business.
5. Assess the effectiveness and propriety of grassroots lobbying strategies by political action
committees that represent business.
5.1 Summarize how corporations influence government decision-making.
5.2 Evaluate how a specific firm uses lobbying strategies.
Reading Assignment
Chapter 4: Legal, Regulatory, and Political Issues
Unit Lesson
Introduction
Of course, businesses do not operate in a vacuum. Businesses are subject to the environment within which
they operate. This environment includes the legal, regulatory, and political framework. These factors are
dynamic and subject to considerable variance. Organizations must be cognizant of these changes and adapt
as appropriate.
Legal, Regulatory, and Political Issues
In Chapter 4, we examine the influence of various stakeholders on public officials who regulate business.
Governmental policies, public sentiment, and ethical dilemmas serve as principal factors restricting market
opportunities, but they also serve as catalysts for value-creating opportunities. Of course, a key to our
discussion in this unit is that the legal, regulatory, and political framework is subject to change. In that regard,
businesses must monitor their environment and respond to change as it occurs. For example, the U.S. Food
and Drug Administration (FDA) prevents food manufacturers from taking advantage of consumers with false
and misleading advertising by allowing only FDA-approved nutrient and health claims to appear on food
labels (FDA, n.d.). Meanwhile, health-conscious consumers are demanding more food choices that support
healthy dietary practices.
Food manufacturers and retailers can capitalize on the opportunity to meet the dietary needs of consumers by
providing healthier food selections and enticing consumer purchases with informative labeling that not only
meets FDA approval, but also serves as promotional advertising. Once held responsible for obesity and other
dietary concerns, fast food businesses are expanding their menus to offer healthier choices and are becoming
more transparent about the content of the foods served. An emerging issue of interest in this area is the
regulation of sugar in drinks. For example, the City of New York has moved to regulate the sugar content of
drinks because sugary drinks are viewed as driving obesit ...
DBA 7035, Business, Government and Society 1 Course L.docx
DBA 7035, Business, Government and Society 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit III
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
1. Distinguish between the market and nonmarket environment of business by explaining the four Is of
the nonmarket environment.
1.1 Articulate the need for appropriate regulatory oversight of business.
1.2 Explain the impact of government on business.
4. Summarize the three broad classes of political strategy, and compare their cost.
4.1 Identify the classes of political strategy.
4.2 Illustrate the application of political strategies and their importance to business.
5. Assess the effectiveness and propriety of grassroots lobbying strategies by political action
committees that represent business.
5.1 Summarize how corporations influence government decision-making.
5.2 Evaluate how a specific firm uses lobbying strategies.
Reading Assignment
Chapter 4: Legal, Regulatory, and Political Issues
Unit Lesson
Introduction
Of course, businesses do not operate in a vacuum. Businesses are subject to the environment within which
they operate. This environment includes the legal, regulatory, and political framework. These factors are
dynamic and subject to considerable variance. Organizations must be cognizant of these changes and adapt
as appropriate.
Legal, Regulatory, and Political Issues
In Chapter 4, we examine the influence of various stakeholders on public officials who regulate business.
Governmental policies, public sentiment, and ethical dilemmas serve as principal factors restricting market
opportunities, but they also serve as catalysts for value-creating opportunities. Of course, a key to our
discussion in this unit is that the legal, regulatory, and political framework is subject to change. In that regard,
businesses must monitor their environment and respond to change as it occurs. For example, the U.S. Food
and Drug Administration (FDA) prevents food manufacturers from taking advantage of consumers with false
and misleading advertising by allowing only FDA-approved nutrient and health claims to appear on food
labels (FDA, n.d.). Meanwhile, health-conscious consumers are demanding more food choices that support
healthy dietary practices.
Food manufacturers and retailers can capitalize on the opportunity to meet the dietary needs of consumers by
providing healthier food selections and enticing consumer purchases with informative labeling that not only
meets FDA approval, but also serves as promotional advertising. Once held responsible for obesity and other
dietary concerns, fast food businesses are expanding their menus to offer healthier choices and are becoming
more transparent about the content of the foods served. An emerging issue of interest in this area is the
regulation of sugar in drinks. For example, the City of New York has moved to regulate the sugar content of
drinks because sugary drinks are viewed as driving obesit.
Introduction to Financial Management ppt.ppt
1.1. Nature and Definition of Auditing
Different scholars have defined auditing in different ways. For example, Auditing is a process of collection and evaluation of evidence for the purpose of reporting on economic transaction. The other definition of auditing given by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, in its publication titled, General Guidelines on Internal Auditing has defined auditing as ‘ a systematic and independent evaluation of data, statements, records, operations and performances ( financial or otherwise) of an enterprise for stated purpose. In any auditing situation, the auditor perceives and recognizes the propositions before him for examination, collects evidence, evaluates the same and on this basis formulates his/her judgment which is communicated through audit report.
As it is cited in Kanal Gupta and Arora A.(1996,p6), Arens and Loebbecke defined auditing as the process by which a complete, independent person accumulates and evaluates evidence about quantifiable information related to specific economic entity for the purpose of determining and reporting on the degree of correspondence between the quantifiable information and established criteria. To sum up, Auditing is the process of verifying the assertions produced by accounting, as to whether they present a true and fair view of the entity's financial position in accordance with accounting standards and GAAP. In other words, auditing seeks to verify whether or not financial records have been properly prepared.
Study Note
The term audit is derived from the Latin term ‘audire,’ which means to hear. In early days an auditor used to listen to the accounts read over by an accountant in order to check them Auditing is as old as accounting.
It was in use in all ancient countries such as Mesopotamia, Greece, Egypt. Rome, U.K. and India. The Vedas contain reference to accounts and auditing.
The original objective of auditing was to detect and prevent errors and frauds and most recently objective of audit shifted to ascertain whether the accounts were true and fair rather than detection of errors and frauds.
Auditing evolved and grew rapidly after the industrial revolution in the 18th century with the growth of the joint stock companies the ownership and management became separate.
The shareholders who were the owners needed a report from an independent expert on the accounts of the company managed by the board of directors who were the employees.
1.2. Historical Development of Auditing
The development of auditing is closely linked to the development of accounting. In the early stage of civilization, the number of transaction was usually so small that able to record the transactions himself. However, with the growth of civilization and consequential growth in volume and complexity of transactions, it becomes necessary to entrust the job of recording the transactions to other persons. The trend started with maintenance of accounts to empires by public officials
Similar to Economists argue that some environments are more conducive to econom.pdf (20)
16Economics Final Project Submission Policy Research and Orga
16Economics Final Project Submission Policy Research and Orga
16Economics Final Project Submission Policy Research and Orga
16Economics Final Project Submission Policy Research and Orga
ECON 301 Week 5 DiscussionsGroup 2 US Trade PolicySummaryFor.docx
ECON 301 Week 5 DiscussionsGroup 2 US Trade PolicySummaryFor.docx
DBA 7035, Business, Government and Society 1 Course L.docx
DBA 7035, Business, Government and Society 1 Course L.docx
DBA 7035, Business, Government and Society 1 Course L.docx
DBA 7035, Business, Government and Society 1 Course L.docx
More from akratigarments13
Employees have certain legal rights such as the right to be paid a m.pdf
Employees at a large computer company earn sick leave in one-minute increments depending on
how many hours per month they work. They can then use the sick leave time any time
throughout the year. Any unused time goes into a sick bank account that they or other employees
can use in the case of emergencies. The human resources department has determined that the
amount of unused sick time for individual employees is uniformly distributed between 0 and 480
minutes. Based on this information, what is the probability that an employee will have less than
20 minutes of unused sick time?
Solution
(20 minutes - 0)/(480 minutes - 0) = 1/24 = 0.042.
Emma and Will want to be in the same advanced mathematics class. The.pdf
Emily Turnbull, president of Aerobic Equipment Corporation, is concerned about her
employees’ well-being. The company offers its employees free medical, dental, and life
insurance coverage. It also matches employee contributions to a voluntary retirement plan up to
7% of their salaries. Assume that no employee’s cumulative wages exceed the relevant wage
bases. Payroll information for the biweekly payroll period ending January 24 is listed below.
1. Record the employee salary expense, withholdings, and salaries payable.
Record the employee salary expense and withholdings.
2. Record the employer-provided fringe benefits.
Record the employer-provided fringe benefits.
3. Record the employer payroll taxes.
Record the employer payroll taxes. Wages and salaries$ 1,650,000 Employee
contribution to voluntary retirement plan82,500 Medical insurance premiums paid by
employer33,000 Dental insurance premiums paid by employer11,550 Life insurance
premiums paid by employer5,775 Federal and state income tax withheld354,750
FICA tax rate7.65 % Federal and state unemployment tax rate6.20 %
1. Record the employee salary expense, withholdings, and salaries payable.
Record the employee salary expense and withholdings.
2. Record the employer-provided fringe benefits.
Record the employer-provided fringe benefits.
3. Record the employer payroll taxes.
Record the employer payroll taxes.
Solution
Journal Entries:DateAccount TitleDebitCreditxxxWages and Salaries1,650,000Employee
contribution to Retirement plan82,500FICA Taxes payable126,225Federal and Income tax
withheld354,750Net Wages and salaries payable1,086,525xxxPayroll Tax
expenses268,125Medical Insurance Premium33,000Dental Insurance Premium11,550Life
Insurance Premium5,775Federal and State Unemployment Tax102,300Contribution to voluntary
retirement plan115,500.
Elliot corners a Big A1 on Mean Street and they then fire at each ot.pdf
Ellie has been working
Solution
D 80,500
Implicit costs would include those costs which will not be captured by the accounting books. In
this case, these costs would include her salary of $80,000 plus the interest on deposits which is
$500. Total implicit cost = $80,000 + $500 = $80,500.
Eleven chairs are numbered 1 through 11. Four girls and seven boys s.pdf
Elements of Strategic Management:
Cooperative
International
Merger and Acquisition
A. Define each. B. Explain why each is necessary? C. Why must they (the strategic
management elements as a whole) be deployed vertically and horizontally throughout an
organization.
Solution
The strategic management elements as a whole must be deployed vertically and horizontally
throughout an organisation. Because, an organisation can reap several benefits from effective
strategic management. Perhaps, the most important benefit is higher profit. Although past studies
have concluded that strategic management does not always increase profitability, a significant
number of recent investigations have suggested that a well- designed strategic management
system can boost profits.
In addition to financial benefits, organisations may gain other advantages by implementing
strategic management programs. For example, strategic management can strengthen organisation
member.
Eleven friends are about to seat themselves at a round table for a n.pdf
Eleven chairs are numbered 1 through 11. Four girls and seven boys sit on these chairs at
random. What is the probability that chair 5 is occupied by a boy?
Solution
The answer is just 7/11. At random allows us to just consider any seat (it doesn\'t matter if it is
the 5th 6th or 11th seat)..
Electron Device Design Please draw the indicated band diagrams to sc.pdf
Electromagnetic Fields and Waves
Calculate at the center of a charged square surface. The surface lies in the z = 0 plane, has side
length a, and carries uniform charge density C/m2 .
Solution
The symmetry of the charge dissemination requires a roundly symmetric electric field. The field
should either indicate radially internal the inside or outward from the focal point of the circle. (In
the event that we have a circularly symmetric charge dispersion, then, regardless of how we
situate our direction framework, the appropriation dependably appears to be identical. The field
should accordingly additionally have a striking resemblance, regardless of how we arrange our
direction framework. A field, that is not spiral, will look changed, on the off chance that we turn
our direction framework, i.e. in the event that we take a gander at it from another point.) For a
round symmetric charge appropriation, the greatness of E can hence just rely on upon the
outspread direction r and on the charge Q. To decide E as an element of a, we utilize Gauss\' law.
so
flux = inegral { E.dA}
dA = vector E is normal to the any surface dA
flux = inegral { E.dA}
= E . integral {dA}
= E / a2
= Qinside . / epsilon0
= sigma / epsilon0.
Electrical charge is conducted by movement of entire atoms rather th.pdf
Electric utility companies usually operate their most modern and efficient equipment
continuously (i.e around the clock) and use their older and less efficient equipment only to meet
periods of peak electricity demand.
4(a) What does this imply for the short-run marginal cost of these firms?
4b) Why do these firms not replace all their older equipment with new equipment in the long
run?
Solution
4(a) Because of use of the most modern and efficient equipment , the short-run marginal cost of
the utility companies must be high. In the long run the company will have large customer base
and hence the Fixed cost(equipment) cost gets distributed over large numbers and the marginal
cost would decline.
4(b) Utility firms donot replace all their older equipment with new equipment in the long run,
because it will incrase the unit cost and also the marginal cost..
Effect of Confederates on ComplianceA study was conducted to see w.pdf
effect of changing b on graph of f(x)=ax^2+bx+c
Solution
When the value of b in the quadratic function y = ax^2 + bx + c is changed, the graph\'s shape
remains the same, only its position changes.
The graph opens upwards or downwards depending on the sign of a. The sign of b has no effect
on that. The concavity of the graph is also not affected by the value of b. There is just a shift in
the position of the graph which may be upwards, downwards, to the left or to the right. The new
graph is located such that the roots of the equation are located at the appropriate location on the
x-axis.
You can use the link provided below to enter functions with different values of b and see the
changes due to it.
A change in b only results in a movement of the graph with respect to the x and y axes..
EDP significantly affects the audit bychanging the nature of the .pdf
Edit question
A firm has determined its optimal capital structure which is composed of the following sources
and target market value proportions. Please show the formula and work.
- Debt: The firm can sell a 12-year, $1,000 par value, 7 percent bond for $960. A flotation cost of
2 percent of the face value would be required in addition to the discount of $40.
- Preferred Stock: The firm has determined it can issue preferred stock at $75 per share par value.
The stock will pay a $10 annual dividend. The cost of issuing and selling the stock is $3 per
share.
- Common Stock: A firm\'s common stock is currently selling for $18 per share. The dividend
expected to be paid at the end of the coming year is $1.74. Its dividend payments have been
growing at a constant rate for the last four years. Four years ago, the dividend was $1.50. It is
expected that to sell, a new common stock issue must be underpriced $1 per share in floatation
costs. Additionally, the firm\'s marginal tax rate is 40 percent.
Please show the formula and the work for the below:
33) The firm\'s before-tax cost of debt is ________.
34) The firm\'s after-tax cost of debt is ________.
35) The firm\'s cost of preferred stock is ________.
36) The firm\'s cost of a new issue of common stock is ________. )
37) The firm\'s cost of retained earnings is ________.
38) The weighted average cost of capital up to the point when retained earnings are exhausted is
________.Source of CapitalTarget market ProportionsLong-term debt20%Preferred
Stock10Common stock equity70
Solution
33) PV = -(960 - 2%*1000) = -940; FV = 1000; n = 12; PMT = 70; CPT I/R, gives 7.79%
34) After tax cost of debt = 7.79%(1-0.40) = 4.67%
35). Cost of Preferred Stock(Kp) = Annual Dividend/(Current Market Price - Flotation Cost)
= $10/($75 - $3) = $10/$72 = 13.89%
36). Growth Rate = (dividend in year 5/dividend in year 0)1/n - 1
= (1.74/1.50)1/5- 1 = 3.01%
cost of a new issue of common stock = [D1/(P0-flotation cost)] + g
= [1.74/(18 - 1)] + 0.0301 = 0.1024 +0.0301 = 13.25%
37). cost of retained earnings = [D1/P0] + g
= [1.74/18] + 0.0301 = 0.0967 + 0.0301 = 12.67%
38). wacc = (weight of debt x after tax cost of debt) + (weight of preferred stock x cost of
preferred stock) + (weight of common stock x cost of retained earnings)
= (0.2 x 4.67%) + (0.1 x 13.89%) + (0.7 x 12.67%) = 11.19%.
economic oooooo TMobile 449 PM 15 of 26 6815, 434 PM T 84 All M.pdf
Economic models usually present only 1 type of interest rate but there are more than 20 in
reality. Is this an oversimplification that may lead to wrong analysis of monetary policy?
Solution
Macroeconomic models are widely used because they allow the analyst to simplify a
situation. A real economy is a virtual porridge of interaction and data. To make some sense of
this recondite chaos, the analyst will pull out those key variables which seem to have the most
importance and fit only them into a logical scheme, omitting the others. Likewise, composites of
individual human economic behavior are aggregated in macroeconomic models, and as such are
simplified. A rational consumption function with all of its arguments (e.g. consumption depends
upon income, wealth, expected income and wealth, the rate of inflation, etc.), for example,
makes
the useful simplifying assumption that individual consumers are fairly consistent and similar in
their economic behavior, allowing for a generalization of the aggregate behavior.
Such simplifications are not only expedient but necessary. Nonetheless, the model in its
simplicity is different than the real economy (or segment of the real economy) that it is designed
to replicate. The omitted variables often do matter in the real economy. Likewise some
generalizations end up being too crude to produce precise or accurate results.
So,this an oversimplification doesn\'t lead to wrong analysis of monetary policy..
Eastern Electronics headquartered out of Berlin Germany was a cottag.pdf
East Street Automotive Repair received an invoice amounting to $1,406 with cash terms of 3/15
dated February 27. If a partial payment of $750 is made on March 10, find the balance due on the
invoice.
Select one:
a. $656
b. $773.20
c. $633.50
d. $632.80
Solution
The Invoice amount 1406 Payment -750 Balance to be paid 656
If the full payment is made within 15 days then discount of 3% will be availed The
correct option is a. $ 656.
Economic growth completely depends on people consuming their income .pdf
economic ercise Scores 0 of 1 pt Assignment Score: 4.84% (3 of 62 pts) Suppose that the price
of a pair of shoes is $10 and the price of a box of tea is $6. What is the relative price of a pair of
shoes? OA 1667 OB 4.000 Oc 16.000 OD 0.600
Solution
1. Relative price is the ratio of prices of the two goods, Here, relative price of a pair of shoes =
10/6 = 1.6667 option a.
2. The relativ price of hospital room in 2003 = 250/350 = 0.71
Relative price of hotel suite in 2003 =350/250 = 1.4
Similarly in 2004, for hospital rooms= 0.733
for hotel suite = 1.36
Hence, in 2004, the relative price for hospital room increased and for hotel suite it decreased .
option b
3. option c . relative price of hamburger increased from 0.83 to 0.89
4.Picture not cleaar. However, market quantity demanded is the sum of all quanttites at the given
price.
5. option c )9. It is the sum of all quantities demanded.
Economic agents make decisions in particular models. These models do.pdf
Econometrics OLS Question 1. Let y N(X beta, sigam^2 IN) where X is T x K matrix, define
OLS estimator as beta. Show following What is the relation between above three parts. Show by
formula and briefly comment on your findings.
Solution
The image is not visible. If you can repost the image, I would be solve the question..
Ecolap Inc. (ECL) recently paid a $0.42 dividend. The dividend is ex.pdf
Eco Luggage Corporation, Inc. produces high quality luggage. The company’s has two products
–Standard Carrier and Deluxe Carrier. Selected information on the carriers is given below:
Standard Carrier
Deluxe Carrier
Selling Price per carrier
$180.00
$250.00
Variable expenses per carrier:
Production
$105.00
$135.00
Commission (10% of selling price)
$18.00
$25.00
The company has the following fixed costs:
Per Month
Fixed production costs
$150,000
Advertising expense
130,000
Administrative salaries
80,000
Total:
360,000
Sales, in units, over the past two months have been as follows:
Standard Carrier
Deluxe Carrier
Total
November(units sold)
8,000
4,000
12,000
December (units sold)
4,000
8,000
12,000
Required:
1. Prepare contribution income statements for November and December. Use Exhibit 5-4 on
page 211 as an example.
2. Compute the company’s break-even point (BEP) in dollar sales for November and December.
3. To meet customer demand the company decides to use a higher quality material for the Deluxe
Carrier starting in the month of January. This decision drives the production cost to $190 per
unit. Prepare a contribution income statement for January assuming that the activity matches the
activity level in December:
Standard Carrier
Deluxe Carrier
Total
January (units sold)
4,000
8,000
12,000
4. Compute the company’s break-even point in dollar sales for January.
5. Assume that in addition to the cost structure change, the Sales Department is requesting a
switch from commission compensation to salary compensation. This will eliminate the
Commission variable cost but will create additional fixed cost of $300,000. Prepare a
contribution income statement and compute the break-even point in dollar sales for the new cost
structure (use the data given in instructions 3 & 5).
6. The CFO of the company assigns you to research the following two issues:
To analyze the impact on the break-even point in instructions 3 and 5. Do you support the
decision made? Why or why not.
Perform an analysis on the current and proposed sales compensation structure. What strategies
can be implemented in the sales commission structure to result in increased profits for the
company?
Write an official memo to the president of the company to disclose your findings and possible
recommendations.
Standard Carrier
Deluxe Carrier
Selling Price per carrier
$180.00
$250.00
Variable expenses per carrier:
Production
$105.00
$135.00
Commission (10% of selling price)
$18.00
$25.00
Solution
1)
The contribution format income statement is as follows:
Nov
Standard
Amount
Amount
Amount
Sales
$1,440,000
$1,000,000
$2,440,000
Variable expenses:
Production
840,000
540,000
1,380,000
Selling
144,000
100,000
244,000
Total variable expenses
984000
640000
1,624,000
Contribution margin
456000
$360,000
816,000
Fixed expenses:
Production
150,000
Advertising
130,000
Administrative
80,000
Total fixed expenses
360,000
Net operating income
$456,000
Dec:
Deluxe
Amount
Amount
Amount
Sales
$720,000
$1,000,000
$.
ECET3902. Define a process for finding a job. For what types of en.pdf
EBITDA measures a company\'s
a) liquidity
b) net profit
c) indebtedness
d) operating results before cost of capital, taxes, and non-cash items
Solution
Liquidity:- Accounting Liquidity means with which an individual or company can meet their
financial obligation with liquid assets available to them.
Net Profit:- Net profit is also called net earnings it is also a measure of the profitability of
organization after accounting for all cost. All other expenses such as taxes & interest paid on
debt.
Indebtedness:-It is the total amount owed.
EBITDA: It is the measure of company’s operating profitability. A company’s earnings before
interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization commonly known as EBITDA.
Correct Answer is (d).
EBITDA measures a companysa) liquidityb) net profitc) indebt.pdf
Eau Claire Paper Mill, Inc., had, at the beginning of the current fiscal year, April 1, 2010,
retained earnings of $406,270. During the year ended March 31, 2011, the company produced
net income after taxes of $642,763 and paid out 35 percent of its net income as dividends.
Construct a statement of retained earnings and compute the year-end balance of retained
earnings. (Round answers to 2 decimal places, e.g. 15.25.)
Solution
Retained earnings at April 1,2010 = $406,270
Net income after tax for year ended March 31,2011 = $642,763
Dividend paid to shareholders = 35%*$642,763 = $224,967.05
Retained Earnings at March 31,2011 = $406,270 + $642,763 - $224,967 = $824,065.95
Retained earnings at April 1,2010
$ 4,06,270.00
Net income after tax for year ended March 31,2011
$ 6,42,763.00
Dividend paid to shareholders
$ -2,24,967.05
Retained earnings at March 31,2011
$ 8,24,065.95
Retained earnings at April 1,2010
$ 4,06,270.00
Net income after tax for year ended March 31,2011
$ 6,42,763.00
Dividend paid to shareholders
$ -2,24,967.05
Retained earnings at March 31,2011
$ 8,24,065.95.
Each year since winning control of the House of Representatives in t.pdf
Each year a local weekly newspaper gives out \"Best of the City\" awards in categories such as
restaurant, deli, pastry shop, ansd so on. Readers are asked to fill in their favorites on a form
enclosed in this free weekly paper and then send it to the publisher. The establishment receiving
the most votes is declared the winner in its category. Identify the population and sample and
comment on the representativeness of the sample.
Solution
Population: The entire collection of responses, from all residents, of their favorite establishment.
Sample: the responses from the persons who filled out the form. This is a self-selected sample,
and not representative, as only those with strong opinions would fill out form..
Each letter of the word Mississippi is placed on a piece of paper an.pdf
Each inhabitant of a remote village always tells the truth or always lies. A villager will only give
a `Yes\' or `No\' answer to a question a tourist asks. Suppose you are a tourist visiting this area
and come to a fork in the road. One branch leads to the ruins you want to visit; the other branch
leads deep into the jungle. A villager is standing at the fork in the road.
(a) What one question can you ask the villager to determine which branch to take? Justify your
answer.
(b) Is it possible to ask a single question and determine both which branch to take and whether
the villager always tells the truth? Justify your answer.
Solution
(a) Point down one road. Ask the villager, \"If someone else were to ask you if this
were the road to the ruins, what would you say?\" If it is the road to the ruins, a truthful villager
would tell someone else the truth, and they\'d tell you the truth about telling the truth, and say
\"yes\". On the other hand, if it is the road to the ruins, a lying villager would lie to someone else,
and they\'d lie to you about lying, and say \"yes\". If isn\'t the road to the ruins, a truthful villager
would tell someone else the truth, and they\'d tell you the truth about telling the truth, and say
\"no\". On the other hand, if isn\'t the road to the ruins, a lying villager would lie to someone
else, and they\'d lie to you about lying, and say \"no\". (b) The particular question in my answer
to (a) tells you which branch to take, but does not distinguish between the two kinds of villagers.
I\'m not sure I can prove there isn\'t a different question that both tells you which branch to take
and distinguishes between the two kinds of villagers. However, if you only get one answer (one
\"yes\" or \"no\"), I don\'t think you can get two pieces of information from it (both the branch
and the type of villager). So I don\'t think it\'s possible, but I\'m not confident my reasoning rises
to the level of a rigorous proof..
Each TERM must be clearly defined AND a relevant Business example MU.pdf
Each student in a class size n was born in a year with 365 days, and each reports his or her birth
date(month and day, but not year).
a) How many ways can this happen?
-The answer is 360^n but why?
b) How many ways can this happen with no repeated birth dates?
c)What is the probability of no matching birth dates?
d) In a class of 23 students, what is the probability of at least one birth date
Need help here, the text book + class notes don\'t seem to help me much on this problem.
Solution
it should be 365^n since each person birthday can fall on any day out of 365 b)the
answer is 365!(factorial) i.e., 365*364*363.......*1 since no repetations are allowed c)the
probability is 364/365* 363/364*362/363.....hence =1/365 d)P = 1 - (365P23/365^23) = .7063
here P represents permutation.
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Employees have certain legal rights such as the right to be paid a m.pdf
Employees have certain legal rights such as the right to be paid a m.pdf
Emma and Will want to be in the same advanced mathematics class. The.pdf
Emma and Will want to be in the same advanced mathematics class. The.pdf
Elliot corners a Big A1 on Mean Street and they then fire at each ot.pdf
Elliot corners a Big A1 on Mean Street and they then fire at each ot.pdf
Eleven chairs are numbered 1 through 11. Four girls and seven boys s.pdf
Eleven chairs are numbered 1 through 11. Four girls and seven boys s.pdf
Eleven friends are about to seat themselves at a round table for a n.pdf
Eleven friends are about to seat themselves at a round table for a n.pdf
Electron Device Design Please draw the indicated band diagrams to sc.pdf
Electron Device Design Please draw the indicated band diagrams to sc.pdf
Electrical charge is conducted by movement of entire atoms rather th.pdf
Electrical charge is conducted by movement of entire atoms rather th.pdf
Effect of Confederates on ComplianceA study was conducted to see w.pdf
Effect of Confederates on ComplianceA study was conducted to see w.pdf
EDP significantly affects the audit bychanging the nature of the .pdf
EDP significantly affects the audit bychanging the nature of the .pdf
economic oooooo TMobile 449 PM 15 of 26 6815, 434 PM T 84 All M.pdf
economic oooooo TMobile 449 PM 15 of 26 6815, 434 PM T 84 All M.pdf
Eastern Electronics headquartered out of Berlin Germany was a cottag.pdf
Eastern Electronics headquartered out of Berlin Germany was a cottag.pdf
Economic growth completely depends on people consuming their income .pdf
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Event Link:-
https://meetups.mulesoft.com/events/details/mulesoft-mysore-presents-exploring-gemini-ai-and-integration-with-mulesoft/
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For Upcoming Meetups Join Mysore Meetup Group - https://meetups.mulesoft.com/mysore/
YouTube:- youtube.com/@mulesoftmysore
Mysore WhatsApp group:- https://chat.whatsapp.com/EhqtHtCC75vCAX7gaO842N
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Priya Shaw - https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-shaw
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Giridhar Meka - https://www.linkedin.com/in/giridharmeka
Priya Shaw - https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-shaw
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