Natalia Winder Rossi's (FAO) presentation at the Transfer Project Workshop in Arusha, Tanzania on 2nd April 2019.

1. Setting the Scene:
Economic and productive impacts of cash
transfers and implications for rural livelihoods
Arusha, April 2019

2. What is the issue?
Social Protection: From Protection to Production
1
Still a long way to go….
 736 million people live in extreme poverty (2015 figures)
 80% of the extreme poor are in rural areas:
 income depend on agriculture and natural resources
 Vulnerable to climate related risks and shocks
 Limited access to social services, infrastructure,
financial services
 Heterogeneous group (income, geographic location,
livelihood, age, gender)

3. What is the issue?
Social Protection: From Protection to Production
1
How to accelerate progress to achieve SDG 1 (1.1; 1.3; 1.5)?
How to end extreme poverty?
 Political will
 Macro dynamics- stimulation of economic growth and
generating employment where majority of poor live
 Enhancing social and productive capital (investing in rural
areas, access to services, including in extending social
protection to the poor)

4. Pathways to enahnce social and prodcutive inclusion
Social Protection: From Protection to Production
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 Make processes of structural, rural and agricultural transformation more
inclusive
 Address inequitable distribution of resources and market failures
 Create employment and economic opportunities
 Increase access to assets (including land, natural resources, technology)
 Accumulate human capital
 Increase access to liquidity, credit, markets and services
 Improved ability to manage risk
 Reduce burden of care

5. Enhancing productive capital: what do we know?
Social Protection: From Protection to Production
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 Impact: National cash transfer
programmes:
 enhance risk management capacity, relax
liquidity constraints, and generate
economic impacts even among the
poorest
 Generate multiplier impacts in the local
economy (impacts on non-participants)
Transfer Project contributed to build and
strengthen the economic case for scale-up
or programmes at national level!

6. Enhancing productive capital: what do we know?
Social Protection: From Protection to Production
1
 Adequacy of programmes:
 Take up, use and impact of programmes will largely depend on the
adequacy of such programmes in terms of size, regularity, but also socio-
cultural pertinence and livelihoods
 TP contributed to shed light on the specific elements of design that
matter for economic impacts
 TP raising issues on gender-sensitive design, implementation
 Still gaps in terms of pertinence for indigenous peoples, livelihoods*

7. Enhancing productive capital: what do we know?
Social Protection: From Protection to Production
1
 Complementary interventions (CASH+)
 To maximize and sustain the gains over time, it is key to complement
cash with complementary interventions (existing or new)
 Different desired outcomes will determine the type of “plus”
 TP contributed to show the added impacts of CASH+ (social and
economic)
 TP contributed to shed light on the best plus for FSN and productive
impacts

8. Enhancing productive capital: what do we know?
Social Protection: From Protection to Production
1
 Comprehensive strategy of economic participation and inclusion of the poorest
 Gradual integration of households into broader rural and economic
development processes
 Identify processes to enhance inclusion of those left behind
 Graduation models provide some elements, but gaps in terms of
sustainability and linkages with broader processes
 CASH+ and SP/AG coherence work provided some additional elements on
sustainability on long-term impact, but still gaps on incentives to AG, labor,
production sectors to systematically engage
  What can the TP provide to this process?

9. Comprehensive Strategy: Reminders!
Social Protection: From Protection to Production
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 Graduation from poverty, not from SP (preventing from falling back)
 Poorest and most vulnerable face broad and heterogeneous array of constraints
 Long process; need to tailor interventions to different populations and contexts
 Ultimately all complementary programmes, as well as graduation models, depend
on broader sectoral policy and rural development
 Access to markets, getting prices right, animal health, extension, natural resource management,
infrastructure……
 Biggest driver of poverty reduction will be broad based, inclusive economic growth
 Social protection as one key starting point…
  What can the TP provide to this process?

10. Thank you!