Earthquakes AND SEISMIC WAVES FAULTS.ppt
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Earthquakes occur when energy is released along faults in the earth. The focus is the point where the rock breaks along the fault, and the epicenter is the point directly above the focus on the surface. Seismic waves carry energy away from the focus, including P waves and S waves. P waves are compressional and can travel through solids, liquids, and gases. S waves are transverse shear waves that can only travel through solids. The largest earthquakes by magnitude include a 9.5 in Chile in 1960 and a 9.1 in Sumatra in 2004. Locating an earthquake's epicenter requires data from three seismic recording stations.
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Earthquakes and Seismic Waves.ppt
This document summarizes key information about seismic waves from earthquakes. It describes how earthquakes occur along faults, and how the focus and epicenter are defined. It explains that seismic waves, including primary P waves and secondary S waves, carry energy away from the focus. P waves are compressional and can travel through all mediums, while S waves are transverse and only travel through solids. Seismographs are used to detect and measure seismic waves, producing seismograms that show the different wave types. Historical earthquakes are listed by magnitude and destruction. The process for locating an earthquake using data from three recording stations is outlined. Underwater earthquakes can create destructive tsunamis.
Earthquakes and Seismic Waves.ppt
An earthquake occurs when energy is rapidly released along a fault line. The point where the rock breaks is called the focus, and the point directly above it on the earth's surface is the epicenter. Seismic waves carry energy away from the focus, including P waves and S waves. P waves are compressional and can travel through all material, arriving first, while S waves are transverse and can only travel through solids, arriving second. Locating an earthquake's epicenter requires detecting the seismic waves with seismographs at three different recording stations and finding the point where the circles around each station intersect. Underwater earthquakes can create massive tsunamis by displacing large volumes of water.
Earthquake PPT.ppt
This document provides information about earthquakes, including what causes them, where they occur, and how they are measured. It discusses how tectonic plate movement can build stress along faults, causing rocks to break and release energy in the form of seismic waves. There are three main types of faults and three types of seismic waves. Earthquakes are located using seismographs to measure the arrival times of P and S waves at multiple stations, then triangulating the epicenter where the circles intersect. The largest earthquakes are measured on the Richter scale.
Earthquake PPT.ppt
This document provides information about earthquakes, including what causes them, where they occur, and how they are measured. It discusses how tectonic plate movement can build stress along faults, causing rocks to break and release energy in the form of seismic waves. There are three main types of faults and three types of seismic waves. Earthquakes are located using seismographs to measure the arrival times of P and S waves at multiple stations, then triangulating the epicenter where the circles intersect. The largest earthquakes are measured on the Richter scale.
Earthquake PPT.ppt
This document provides information about earthquakes, including what causes them, where they occur, and how they are measured. It discusses how tectonic plate movement can build stress along faults, causing rocks to break and release energy in the form of seismic waves. There are three main types of faults and three types of seismic waves. Earthquakes are located using seismographs to measure the arrival times of P and S waves at multiple stations, then triangulating the epicenter where the circles intersect. The largest earthquakes are measured on the Richter scale.
Earthquake PPT.ppt
Earthquakes are caused by the buildup and sudden release of stress along faults in the Earth's crust. When the stress becomes too great, the rock breaks and seismic waves are released. There are three main types of seismic waves - P waves, S waves, and surface waves. Scientists can locate the epicenter of an earthquake by measuring the arrival times of seismic waves at multiple seismograph stations and using triangulation. The Richter Scale is used to measure the magnitude or energy released by an earthquake.
Earthquake PPT.ppt
This document provides information about earthquakes, including what causes them, where they occur, and how they are measured. It discusses how tectonic plate movement can build stress along faults, causing rocks to break and release energy in the form of seismic waves. There are three main types of faults and three types of seismic waves. Earthquakes are located using seismographs to measure the arrival times of P and S waves at multiple stations, then triangulating the epicenter where the circles intersect. The largest earthquakes are measured on the Richter scale.
Earthquake PPT.ppt
Earthquakes are caused by the buildup and sudden release of stress along faults in the Earth's crust. When the stress becomes too great, the rock breaks and seismic waves are released. There are three main types of seismic waves - P waves, S waves, and surface waves. Scientists can locate the epicenter of an earthquake by measuring the arrival times of seismic waves at multiple seismograph stations and using triangulation. The Richter Scale is used to measure the magnitude or energy released by an earthquake.
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Earthquakes and Seismic Waves.ppt
This document summarizes key information about seismic waves from earthquakes. It describes how earthquakes occur along faults, and how the focus and epicenter are defined. It explains that seismic waves, including primary P waves and secondary S waves, carry energy away from the focus. P waves are compressional and can travel through all mediums, while S waves are transverse and only travel through solids. Seismographs are used to detect and measure seismic waves, producing seismograms that show the different wave types. Historical earthquakes are listed by magnitude and destruction. The process for locating an earthquake using data from three recording stations is outlined. Underwater earthquakes can create destructive tsunamis.
Earthquakes and Seismic Waves.ppt
An earthquake occurs when energy is rapidly released along a fault line. The point where the rock breaks is called the focus, and the point directly above it on the earth's surface is the epicenter. Seismic waves carry energy away from the focus, including P waves and S waves. P waves are compressional and can travel through all material, arriving first, while S waves are transverse and can only travel through solids, arriving second. Locating an earthquake's epicenter requires detecting the seismic waves with seismographs at three different recording stations and finding the point where the circles around each station intersect. Underwater earthquakes can create massive tsunamis by displacing large volumes of water.
Earthquake PPT.ppt
This document provides information about earthquakes, including what causes them, where they occur, and how they are measured. It discusses how tectonic plate movement can build stress along faults, causing rocks to break and release energy in the form of seismic waves. There are three main types of faults and three types of seismic waves. Earthquakes are located using seismographs to measure the arrival times of P and S waves at multiple stations, then triangulating the epicenter where the circles intersect. The largest earthquakes are measured on the Richter scale.
Earthquake PPT.ppt
This document provides information about earthquakes, including what causes them, where they occur, and how they are measured. It discusses how tectonic plate movement can build stress along faults, causing rocks to break and release energy in the form of seismic waves. There are three main types of faults and three types of seismic waves. Earthquakes are located using seismographs to measure the arrival times of P and S waves at multiple stations, then triangulating the epicenter where the circles intersect. The largest earthquakes are measured on the Richter scale.
Earthquake PPT.ppt
This document provides information about earthquakes, including what causes them, where they occur, and how they are measured. It discusses how tectonic plate movement can build stress along faults, causing rocks to break and release energy in the form of seismic waves. There are three main types of faults and three types of seismic waves. Earthquakes are located using seismographs to measure the arrival times of P and S waves at multiple stations, then triangulating the epicenter where the circles intersect. The largest earthquakes are measured on the Richter scale.
Earthquake PPT.ppt
Earthquakes are caused by the buildup and sudden release of stress along faults in the Earth's crust. When the stress becomes too great, the rock breaks and seismic waves are released. There are three main types of seismic waves - P waves, S waves, and surface waves. Scientists can locate the epicenter of an earthquake by measuring the arrival times of seismic waves at multiple seismograph stations and using triangulation. The Richter Scale is used to measure the magnitude or energy released by an earthquake.
Earthquake PPT.ppt
This document provides information about earthquakes, including what causes them, where they occur, and how they are measured. It discusses how tectonic plate movement can build stress along faults, causing rocks to break and release energy in the form of seismic waves. There are three main types of faults and three types of seismic waves. Earthquakes are located using seismographs to measure the arrival times of P and S waves at multiple stations, then triangulating the epicenter where the circles intersect. The largest earthquakes are measured on the Richter scale.
Earthquake PPT.ppt
Earthquakes are caused by the buildup and sudden release of stress along faults in the Earth's crust. When the stress becomes too great, the rock breaks and seismic waves are released. There are three main types of seismic waves - P waves, S waves, and surface waves. Scientists can locate the epicenter of an earthquake by measuring the arrival times of seismic waves at multiple seismograph stations and using triangulation. The Richter Scale is used to measure the magnitude or energy released by an earthquake.
Earthquake PPT.ppt
This document provides information about earthquakes, including what causes them, where they occur, and the different types of seismic waves. It discusses how tectonic plate movement can build stress along faults, leading to earthquakes when the pressure is released. There are three main types of faults - normal, reverse, and strike-slip. An earthquake begins at a focus point and the epicenter is the point directly above on the surface. P waves, S waves, and surface waves are the three types of seismic waves generated by earthquakes. P waves travel the fastest while surface waves cause the most destruction.
Earthquake
This document appears to be a student project report on the study of earthquakes. It includes sections on the history of earthquake research, what causes earthquakes, how their locations and magnitudes are measured, the different types of seismic waves, the impacts of earthquakes, and approaches to predicting and controlling them. The project received certification from the University of Mumbai professors after satisfactory completion by the six listed students.
Final earthquake ppt.ppt
There are three main types of seismic waves that travel through the Earth during an earthquake:
1. P-waves are compressional body waves that move through solid rock and fluids.
2. S-waves are slower shear body waves that only move through solid rock.
3. Surface waves like Rayleigh and Love waves move along the Earth's surface and can cause significant damage.
Seismographs are used to measure and record these seismic waves to determine the location and magnitude of earthquakes.
Earthquake
Earthquakes have been recorded throughout history. Seismology is the study of earthquakes and seismic waves. There are different types of seismic waves that move in different ways through the earth, including body waves like P waves and S waves, and surface waves like Love waves and Rayleigh waves. The focus is the point where rocks start to fracture during an earthquake, and the epicenter is the point directly above the focus on the earth's surface. Earthquakes can be shallow or deep, and commonly occur at plate boundaries. It is important to have emergency plans and supplies to stay safe during and after an earthquake.
Types of Seismic Waves
Seismic waves are caused by earthquakes and volcanic eruptions and travel through the Earth, imparting acoustic energy. There are two main types of seismic waves - body waves that travel beneath the surface and surface waves that travel along the surface. Body waves include primary P-waves and secondary S-waves that travel faster and slower respectively. Surface waves include Rayleigh and Love waves that cause the most destruction and travel the slowest. Earthquakes are usually caused by a sudden release of built-up pressure when rocks underground break along a fault.
Lesson 2.2- Earthquake Waves and Preparedness.pptx
The document provides information about earthquakes, including:
1) It differentiates between the intensity and magnitude of earthquakes, with intensity describing the effects and magnitude measuring the energy released using the Richter scale.
2) It describes the three main types of seismic waves - P waves, S waves, and surface waves - and their properties like speed and how they move through solid rock versus liquids.
3) It includes objectives about describing earthquake features, differentiating intensity from magnitude, and identifying fault lines in the Philippines.
E A R T H Q U A K E S
An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. Faults are fractures in rock where one side has moved relative to the other. Seismic waves, detected by seismographs, include P-waves, which are longitudinal, and S-waves, which are transverse. Surface waves travel near the Earth's surface and can be the most destructive. The magnitude of most quakes is measured on the Richter scale invented in 1934 by Charles Richter. During quakes, it is safest to drop, cover, and hold on until the shaking stops.
EARTHQUAKE
This document discusses seismic waves, earthquakes, and seismology. It begins by listing the objectives of describing seismic wave types, finding earthquake epicenters, earthquake magnitude scales, and challenges predicting earthquakes. It then defines earthquakes and seismology, the study of earthquakes. It describes how seismographs are used to record seismic waves from earthquakes. It discusses elastic rebound theory, earthquake focus and epicenter, where earthquakes occur, and the different types of seismic waves. The document concludes by covering earthquake classification, damage causes, challenges predicting earthquakes, earthquake prone areas, and safety tips before, during, and after an earthquake.
Earthquakes
1) Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy in Earth's crust from tectonic plate movement.
2) Seismic waves from earthquakes travel outward from the focus, with P and S waves detected by seismographs to locate the epicenter.
3) The magnitude scale is used to measure earthquake strength based on seismic wave amplitude, while intensity scales describe damage levels at a location.
Earthquake Notes
Earthquakes occur when tectonic forces cause rocks underground to break, releasing seismic waves. The focus is where the rocks break, and the epicenter is the point directly above on the surface. Different types of faults are caused by tension, compression, and shear forces. Earthquakes are measured by their magnitude using the Richter scale and by their intensity of shaking. Locating the epicenter involves measuring seismic wave arrival times at different stations. Earthquake dangers include falling objects, fires, tsunamis, liquefaction, and landslides.
earthquake.pptx
The most devastating earthquake in Philippine history occurred in 1976 in Mindanao, causing over 8,000 deaths. Scientists have warned that a powerful earthquake called the "Big One" could strike the West Valley Fault near Manila, potentially killing 34,000 people. Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of built-up energy in the Earth's crust from plate tectonics and fault movements, producing seismic waves.
Earthquakes
Earthquakes occur when tectonic forces cause rocks underground to break, releasing energy in the form of seismic waves. The focus is the point where the rocks break, and the epicenter is the point directly above on the surface. There are three main types of seismic waves - P waves, which move particles back and forth; S waves, which move particles at right angles; and surface L waves, which cause the most damage. We measure the location and magnitude of earthquakes using seismographs to detect and measure the amplitude of the different wave types.
Structure Of The Earth
1. The Earth is composed of layers including a solid crust, mantle of hot rock, and an inner and outer core made of iron and nickel.
2. Earthquakes send seismic waves that are detected by seismometers around the world, allowing scientists to learn about the Earth's internal structure.
3. There are two types of seismic waves - P waves and S waves. S waves cannot pass through liquids, which provides evidence that the outer core is liquid based on waves not being detected on the opposite side of the Earth from some earthquakes.
Earthquake.pptx
1) The document discusses causes, effects, and measurement of earthquakes. It describes how earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy from movement of tectonic plates or volcanic activity.
2) Key terms are defined, such as focus, epicenter, and different types of faults. Different types of seismic waves - P, S, Rayleigh, and Love waves - are also explained.
3) Examples are given of major earthquakes, including the 2005 Kashmir earthquake that killed over 80,000 people in Pakistan, India and Afghanistan.
B.1DRRR Earthquake Hazards.pdf
1. Magnitude measures the energy released at the earthquake source using seismograph measurements, while intensity measures the strength of shaking felt at a location.
2. Earthquake hazards include ground shaking, surface rupture, liquefaction, tsunamis, and landslides. Ground shaking is caused by the release of built-up stress in the lithosphere.
3. To escape a tsunami, immediately evacuate areas near the shore if a large earthquake occurs offshore. Bring a survival kit and head to designated evacuation centers or high ground, staying alert for waves, floods, and landslides.
Earthquakes.
An earthquake is caused by a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust along faults. The Earth has layers including the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. Plate tectonics involves the movement of plates in the mantle which can cause earthquakes at plate boundaries. Earthquakes produce seismic waves that are measured with seismographs. The location of the earthquake is found using three seismograph locations. Building damage depends on factors like magnitude, soil type, and building construction quality.
Earthquakes
This document provides information about earthquakes, including what causes them, the different types of seismic waves, how the location and magnitude of earthquakes are determined, hazards associated with earthquakes such as shaking, ground displacement, tsunamis and fires, and challenges around predicting earthquakes. It describes how earthquakes occur due to the accumulation and sudden release of strain energy in rocks under stress. There are two main types of seismic waves - body waves that travel through the interior of the earth and surface waves that travel along the surface. The location of earthquakes is determined through measuring the time delay between arrival of P and S waves at multiple seismograph stations and triangulating the epicenter. Magnitude is a measure of the
Study of an earthquake
WHAT IS AN EARTHQUAKE?
Where Do Earthquakes Happen?
Why Do Earthquakes Happen?
How Are Earthquakes Studied?
How To Locate The Earthquake's Epicenter?
SCALES FOR EARTHQUAKE MEASUREMENT
What Are Earthquake Hazards?
Krystal+ross
This document provides information about earthquakes including:
1) Earthquakes are caused by a sudden slip on a fault when stress overcomes friction, releasing energy as seismic waves.
2) The magnitude of an earthquake is measured on the Richter scale based on the amplitude of seismic waves.
3) The 2011 Tohoku earthquake in eastern Japan was magnitude 9.0 and caused tsunamis, damage to buildings/infrastructure, economic impacts, and loss of life.
Water Cycle
Earthquakes occur when energy stored in Earth's crust is suddenly released, causing seismic waves. The focus is where the seismic waves originate underground, and the epicenter is the point directly above on the surface. There are three main types of seismic waves - P waves, S waves, and L waves - which travel outward from the focus. Earthquakes are measured by their magnitude, which indicates the amount of energy released, and by their intensity, which describes the observed effects on people and structures.
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Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
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There are three main types of seismic waves that travel through the Earth during an earthquake:
1. P-waves are compressional body waves that move through solid rock and fluids.
2. S-waves are slower shear body waves that only move through solid rock.
3. Surface waves like Rayleigh and Love waves move along the Earth's surface and can cause significant damage.
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Earthquake
Earthquakes have been recorded throughout history. Seismology is the study of earthquakes and seismic waves. There are different types of seismic waves that move in different ways through the earth, including body waves like P waves and S waves, and surface waves like Love waves and Rayleigh waves. The focus is the point where rocks start to fracture during an earthquake, and the epicenter is the point directly above the focus on the earth's surface. Earthquakes can be shallow or deep, and commonly occur at plate boundaries. It is important to have emergency plans and supplies to stay safe during and after an earthquake.
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Seismic waves are caused by earthquakes and volcanic eruptions and travel through the Earth, imparting acoustic energy. There are two main types of seismic waves - body waves that travel beneath the surface and surface waves that travel along the surface. Body waves include primary P-waves and secondary S-waves that travel faster and slower respectively. Surface waves include Rayleigh and Love waves that cause the most destruction and travel the slowest. Earthquakes are usually caused by a sudden release of built-up pressure when rocks underground break along a fault.
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The document provides information about earthquakes, including:
1) It differentiates between the intensity and magnitude of earthquakes, with intensity describing the effects and magnitude measuring the energy released using the Richter scale.
2) It describes the three main types of seismic waves - P waves, S waves, and surface waves - and their properties like speed and how they move through solid rock versus liquids.
3) It includes objectives about describing earthquake features, differentiating intensity from magnitude, and identifying fault lines in the Philippines.
E A R T H Q U A K E S
An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. Faults are fractures in rock where one side has moved relative to the other. Seismic waves, detected by seismographs, include P-waves, which are longitudinal, and S-waves, which are transverse. Surface waves travel near the Earth's surface and can be the most destructive. The magnitude of most quakes is measured on the Richter scale invented in 1934 by Charles Richter. During quakes, it is safest to drop, cover, and hold on until the shaking stops.
EARTHQUAKE
This document discusses seismic waves, earthquakes, and seismology. It begins by listing the objectives of describing seismic wave types, finding earthquake epicenters, earthquake magnitude scales, and challenges predicting earthquakes. It then defines earthquakes and seismology, the study of earthquakes. It describes how seismographs are used to record seismic waves from earthquakes. It discusses elastic rebound theory, earthquake focus and epicenter, where earthquakes occur, and the different types of seismic waves. The document concludes by covering earthquake classification, damage causes, challenges predicting earthquakes, earthquake prone areas, and safety tips before, during, and after an earthquake.
Earthquakes
1) Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy in Earth's crust from tectonic plate movement.
2) Seismic waves from earthquakes travel outward from the focus, with P and S waves detected by seismographs to locate the epicenter.
3) The magnitude scale is used to measure earthquake strength based on seismic wave amplitude, while intensity scales describe damage levels at a location.
Earthquake Notes
Earthquakes occur when tectonic forces cause rocks underground to break, releasing seismic waves. The focus is where the rocks break, and the epicenter is the point directly above on the surface. Different types of faults are caused by tension, compression, and shear forces. Earthquakes are measured by their magnitude using the Richter scale and by their intensity of shaking. Locating the epicenter involves measuring seismic wave arrival times at different stations. Earthquake dangers include falling objects, fires, tsunamis, liquefaction, and landslides.
earthquake.pptx
The most devastating earthquake in Philippine history occurred in 1976 in Mindanao, causing over 8,000 deaths. Scientists have warned that a powerful earthquake called the "Big One" could strike the West Valley Fault near Manila, potentially killing 34,000 people. Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of built-up energy in the Earth's crust from plate tectonics and fault movements, producing seismic waves.
Earthquakes
Earthquakes occur when tectonic forces cause rocks underground to break, releasing energy in the form of seismic waves. The focus is the point where the rocks break, and the epicenter is the point directly above on the surface. There are three main types of seismic waves - P waves, which move particles back and forth; S waves, which move particles at right angles; and surface L waves, which cause the most damage. We measure the location and magnitude of earthquakes using seismographs to detect and measure the amplitude of the different wave types.
Structure Of The Earth
1. The Earth is composed of layers including a solid crust, mantle of hot rock, and an inner and outer core made of iron and nickel.
2. Earthquakes send seismic waves that are detected by seismometers around the world, allowing scientists to learn about the Earth's internal structure.
3. There are two types of seismic waves - P waves and S waves. S waves cannot pass through liquids, which provides evidence that the outer core is liquid based on waves not being detected on the opposite side of the Earth from some earthquakes.
Earthquake.pptx
1) The document discusses causes, effects, and measurement of earthquakes. It describes how earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy from movement of tectonic plates or volcanic activity.
2) Key terms are defined, such as focus, epicenter, and different types of faults. Different types of seismic waves - P, S, Rayleigh, and Love waves - are also explained.
3) Examples are given of major earthquakes, including the 2005 Kashmir earthquake that killed over 80,000 people in Pakistan, India and Afghanistan.
B.1DRRR Earthquake Hazards.pdf
1. Magnitude measures the energy released at the earthquake source using seismograph measurements, while intensity measures the strength of shaking felt at a location.
2. Earthquake hazards include ground shaking, surface rupture, liquefaction, tsunamis, and landslides. Ground shaking is caused by the release of built-up stress in the lithosphere.
3. To escape a tsunami, immediately evacuate areas near the shore if a large earthquake occurs offshore. Bring a survival kit and head to designated evacuation centers or high ground, staying alert for waves, floods, and landslides.
Earthquakes.
An earthquake is caused by a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust along faults. The Earth has layers including the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. Plate tectonics involves the movement of plates in the mantle which can cause earthquakes at plate boundaries. Earthquakes produce seismic waves that are measured with seismographs. The location of the earthquake is found using three seismograph locations. Building damage depends on factors like magnitude, soil type, and building construction quality.
Earthquakes
This document provides information about earthquakes, including what causes them, the different types of seismic waves, how the location and magnitude of earthquakes are determined, hazards associated with earthquakes such as shaking, ground displacement, tsunamis and fires, and challenges around predicting earthquakes. It describes how earthquakes occur due to the accumulation and sudden release of strain energy in rocks under stress. There are two main types of seismic waves - body waves that travel through the interior of the earth and surface waves that travel along the surface. The location of earthquakes is determined through measuring the time delay between arrival of P and S waves at multiple seismograph stations and triangulating the epicenter. Magnitude is a measure of the
Study of an earthquake
WHAT IS AN EARTHQUAKE?
Where Do Earthquakes Happen?
Why Do Earthquakes Happen?
How Are Earthquakes Studied?
How To Locate The Earthquake's Epicenter?
SCALES FOR EARTHQUAKE MEASUREMENT
What Are Earthquake Hazards?
Krystal+ross
This document provides information about earthquakes including:
1) Earthquakes are caused by a sudden slip on a fault when stress overcomes friction, releasing energy as seismic waves.
2) The magnitude of an earthquake is measured on the Richter scale based on the amplitude of seismic waves.
3) The 2011 Tohoku earthquake in eastern Japan was magnitude 9.0 and caused tsunamis, damage to buildings/infrastructure, economic impacts, and loss of life.
Water Cycle
Earthquakes occur when energy stored in Earth's crust is suddenly released, causing seismic waves. The focus is where the seismic waves originate underground, and the epicenter is the point directly above on the surface. There are three main types of seismic waves - P waves, S waves, and L waves - which travel outward from the focus. Earthquakes are measured by their magnitude, which indicates the amount of energy released, and by their intensity, which describes the observed effects on people and structures.
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The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...
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ANAMOLOUS SECONDARY GROWTH IN DICOT ROOTS.pptx
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https://ashpc.eu/
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Nucleophilic addition is the most important reaction of carbonyls. Not just aldehydes and ketones, but also carboxylic acid derivatives in general.
Carbonyls undergo addition reactions with a large range of nucleophiles.
Comparing the relative basicity of the nucleophile and the product is extremely helpful in determining how reversible the addition reaction is. Reactions with Grignards and hydrides are irreversible. Reactions with weak bases like halides and carboxylates generally don’t happen.
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Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/Micronuclei test.M.sc.zoology.fisheries.
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The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
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Earthquakes AND SEISMIC WAVES FAULTS.ppt
- 2. An Earthquake occurs when energy is released through rapid movement along a fault.
- 4. Focus That is the point along the fault line where the rock under stress breaks.
- 5. Epicenter Is the point on the earth’s surface directly above the Focus.
- 6. Focal Depth This is the distance between the Focus and the Epicenter.
- 7. Seismic Waves Energy from an Earthquake is carried away from the focus as Seismic Waves. There are many different types of waves. We will concentrate on the two most prominent.
- 8. Primary Waves P Waves The fastest seismic wave. Arrives at recording stations first (Primary).
- 9. Primary Waves P waves are compressional waves. The energy travels in the same direction as the wave travels.
- 10. Primary Waves P waves can travel through solids, liquids or gases.
- 11. Secondary Waves S Waves Arrives at recording stations second (secondary).
- 12. Secondary Waves S waves are transverse waves. Another term is shear waves. The energy is perpendicular to the direction of wave travel.
- 13. Secondary Waves S Waves can only travel through solids.
- 14. Surface Waves Waves like L waves and R waves travel slightly slower then S waves but do tremendous damage.
- 16. Seismograph Instruments that detect and measure seismic waves are called Seismographs. They originally were a weight and pen suspended over a moving drum.
- 17. Seismograph The tracing on the drum is called a seismogram. The different types of waves make different tracings on the seismogram.
- 22. History of Earthquakes Largest In Magnitude Date Location Magnitude May 22nd, 1960 Chile 9.5 March 28th, 1964 Alaska 9.2 December 26th, 2004 Sumatra (Ocean) 9.1 March 11th, 2011 Japan (Ocean) 9.0 February 27th, 2010 Chile 8.8 Largest In Destruction • Date Location Deaths Magnitude • Jan 25th, 1556 China 830,000 8 • July 27th, 1976 China 655,000 7.5 • Aug. 9th, 1138 Syria 230,000 Unknown • Dec. 26th, 2004 Sumatra 227,898 9.1 • Jan. 12th, 2010 Haiti 222,570 7.0
- 23. Locating an Earthquake Epicenter… To find where the an Earthquake originates you need wave data from 3 recording stations. Circles are drawn around these stations. Where the 3 circles connect is where the earthquake originated.
- 25. Underwater E-quake Fault movement along the ocean floor moves the water up and down which can create a massive wave called a “Tsunami”.
- 26. Tsunami