Extemporaneous speaking involves delivering a speech with little preparation time using brief notes rather than a fully memorized or read speech. It requires preparing an outline in advance with key points and phrases rather than full sentences to allow for flexibility. While challenging at first, extemporaneous speaking becomes more natural with practice, and the focus is on presenting prepared ideas and information conversationally and interacting with the audience rather than reciting a script. Confidence and preparation are important to successful extemporaneous delivery.