E everything - putting it all together
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The document discusses discovery of content across different platforms and databases. It notes that discovery is challenging due to a lack of common standards for cataloging, linking, and financial models. Semantic tagging and indexing content at various granularity levels could help improve search precision and integration. Links between resources are important for discovery but are difficult to implement consistently. The document provides examples from Alexander Street Press of using open URLs, citations and RSS feeds to facilitate discovery across databases and search tools. It also suggests social tools and video could be part of the next phase to further enhance discovery.
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E everything - putting it all together
- 1. Stephen Rhind-Tutt, President, E-Everything: Putting It All Together November 2010
- 2. • About ASP • The information archipelago • Perspectives on discovery • Some examples Overview
- 3. Alexander Street Press, LLC Performing Arts, Drama, and Film World Literature Women’s History Religion CounselingMusic Social and Cultural History Sociology Black Studies American Civil War
- 5. OCLC, Environmental Scan, 2003
- 6. Newsletters Journals Monographs Textbooks Academic Tools External Publishers Free Websites Lay Tools A&I Dbs Video
- 7. Discovery
- 8. Integration is unavoidable Loosely Held Tightly Held Free Websites Loosely integrated Tightly integrated Refuse to License License widelyLicense widely and be a Licensor
- 9. • Search for ‘myocardial infarct” • 1,445 results • Most limiters don’t help
- 10. • A cataloging problem – No common agreement as to terms – No common agreement as to level of granularity • A linking problem – Some successes in journals • A financial problem – Few models to monetize links – It’s expensive to do this properly • Discovery of the best, rarest, the most unique items remains elusive Discovery
- 11. A closer look…
- 12. Granularity of tagging Search Precision Ease of Integration Hi Lo Hi Narrower e.g. Cirrus Broad e.g. Weather Less Broad e.g. Clouds Narrowest e.g. Cirrus in AZ
- 13. Granularity of results Search Precision Ease of Integration Hi Lo Hi Sub-Chapter Track, Poem, Article, Chapter, Track Book, Journal, Series Database
- 14. Discovery Book descriptors, ISBNs, ONYX Media Descriptors Albums, DVDs Smaller units Semantic tags Book descriptors, ISBNs, ONYX Journal Descriptors Article Citations, DOI Media Descriptors Albums, DVDs Smaller units Semantic tags Search Tool Target Easy Hard Journal Descriptors Article Citations, DOI
- 15. ‘Semantic’ Indexing Collection Series Book or Volume Chapter Page Word Where ? When ? What ? Who ? ‘Semantic’ indexing >
- 16. Traditional vs. Semantic Indexing Traditional Indexing Semantic Indexing General History Drama Religion What? Article, Book Event Scene Passage Who? Author Participants Characters Author Where? Where published Where occurred Where set - When? When published When it happened When set When written • Give me articles from journal xxx prior to 1990 • Give me documents that discuss battles where more than 100 people were killed? • Give me all scenes set before 1850 that portray lynching? • Which authors cite Genesis most frequently?
- 17. The ‘real’ world Play Author Production Stills Playbills Production VenueDirector Lighting Set Designers Theater PerformanceLocation Production Company Producer Texts Criticism Cast List Performers Posters Ephemera Scenes Acts Characters Dramatis Personae
- 18. The virtual world… Author Birth date Death date Birth Place Death Place Nationality Occupation Awards (38 fields) Theater District Location Capacity Style Etc… (18 fields) Company Name Productions Performers Etc… (14 fields) Production Director Theater Cast # of Perfs. Lighting Costumes Etc… (47 fields) Characters Plays Age Author Performer Etc… (30 fields) Scenes Where When Setting Subject Etc… (41 fields) Resources Play Director Theater Production Co. Character Scene Etc… (45 fields) Texts Keyword Author Date Written Date Published Production (67 fields) Give me scenes about AIDS written by South African authors in the past 5 years….
- 20. • More than a way to answer questions • A framework by which users can be guided to understand, explore, discover and learn. • A route-map to guide users through data - saving time and effort. • Delivers answers that cannot be asked elsewhere • Facilitates discovery within the discipline Semantic Indexing…
- 21. Discovery Book descriptors, ISBNs, ONYX Media Descriptors Albums, DVDs Smaller units Semantic tags Book descriptors, ISBNs, ONYX Journal Descriptors Article Citations, DOI Media Descriptors Albums, DVDs Smaller units Semantic tags Search Tool Target Easy Hard Journal Descriptors Article Citations, DOI
- 22. Links as the defining value added • Links document intellectual pathways through data • Basic traffic enhancer • Allow independent annotation of scholarship • Facilitate discovery • Confer authority • Prevent duplication of indexing, content and commentary • ‘Links are intrinsically bidirectional’ (Ted Nelson)
- 23. Some examples from ASP
- 24. Building discovery… Unhelpful • Legal warnings not to link • Changing links constantly • Disabling links • No permanent URLs • No crawling • Randomly changing URLs • Insisting on one interface and one access point • Unattached pages Helpful • Citations visible to the outside world • Permanent URLs • RSS feeds • OpenURL • Design for multiple interfaces • Open to crawling • Published APIs • Welcome linking • Ask others to do the same
- 25. No silos! Search via library catalog (direct or federated) OpenURL links directly to Alexander Street content OpenURL links directly to other databasesSearch the web Search the library catalog e.g. RILM, Grove Music Online Search via Alexander Street interface
- 26. Next phase - video
- 27. Discovery tools • MARC records, • Discovery Services • Text search • Search Engines
- 28. Social Tools
- 29. Newsletters Journals Monographs Textbooks Academic Tools External Publishers Free Websites Lay Tools