This document contains a summary of a 49.5 kWp photovoltaic system design for Leigh Farm by Martyn Watkinson of DAS Technology Ltd. The system uses 198 Suntech Power solar panels mounted at an angle of 20 degrees. Electricity generated will be exported to the grid, with an expected annual yield of 45,358 kWh. An economic analysis estimates a payback period of 6.3 years and a yield of 15.3% over a 25 year period.
Thane C. Heins
President and CEO
Potential +/- Difference inc.
Pioneering Electric Vehicle Regenerative Acceleration and Charging Ahead...
“You never change things by fighting the existing reality.
To change something, build a new model that makes the existing model obsolete.”
― Buckminster Fuller
Design & estimation of rooftop grid tied solar pv systemSabrina Chowdhury
Energy plays a pivotal role in our daily activities. The degree of development and civilization of a country is measured by the amount of utilization of energy by human beings. Energy demand is increasing day by day due to increase in population,
urbanization and industrialization. The world’s fossil fuel supply viz. coal, petroleum and natural gas will thus be depleted in a few hundred years. The rate of energy consumption increasing, supply is depleting resulting in inflation and energy shortage. This is called energy crisis. Hence alternative or renewable sources of energy have to be developed to meet future energy requirement.
Thane C. Heins
President and CEO, Potential +/- Difference Inc.
Potential +/- Difference Inc. - Pioneering Electric Vehicle Regenerative Acceleration Technology
& Charging Ahead...
"Nothing is too wonderful to be true"
~ Michael Faraday
"Physics isn't the most important thing. Love is."
~ Richard P. Feynman
EN LA SIGUIENTE PRESENTACION SE HABLA DE LA CLOUD COMPUTING, SU SIGNIFICADO Y SU UTILIDAD. HOY EN DIA EN LAS DIFERENTES ORGANIZACIONES EMPRESARIALES ESTAN IMPLEMENTADO ESTA TECNOLOGIA.
Thane C. Heins
President and CEO
Potential +/- Difference inc.
Pioneering Electric Vehicle Regenerative Acceleration and Charging Ahead...
“You never change things by fighting the existing reality.
To change something, build a new model that makes the existing model obsolete.”
― Buckminster Fuller
Design & estimation of rooftop grid tied solar pv systemSabrina Chowdhury
Energy plays a pivotal role in our daily activities. The degree of development and civilization of a country is measured by the amount of utilization of energy by human beings. Energy demand is increasing day by day due to increase in population,
urbanization and industrialization. The world’s fossil fuel supply viz. coal, petroleum and natural gas will thus be depleted in a few hundred years. The rate of energy consumption increasing, supply is depleting resulting in inflation and energy shortage. This is called energy crisis. Hence alternative or renewable sources of energy have to be developed to meet future energy requirement.
Thane C. Heins
President and CEO, Potential +/- Difference Inc.
Potential +/- Difference Inc. - Pioneering Electric Vehicle Regenerative Acceleration Technology
& Charging Ahead...
"Nothing is too wonderful to be true"
~ Michael Faraday
"Physics isn't the most important thing. Love is."
~ Richard P. Feynman
EN LA SIGUIENTE PRESENTACION SE HABLA DE LA CLOUD COMPUTING, SU SIGNIFICADO Y SU UTILIDAD. HOY EN DIA EN LAS DIFERENTES ORGANIZACIONES EMPRESARIALES ESTAN IMPLEMENTADO ESTA TECNOLOGIA.
Es una presentación que propone una reflexión sobre las grandes tendencias de futuro y sobre como deben prepararse para afrontarlas tanto en empresas como personas.
Jornada Especial para Agentes de Viajes CorporativosVelentis
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Jueves, 24 de mayo de 2012
SEDE CENTRAL DE TRANSHOTEL. C/ ISLA DE HIERRO, 3. SAN SEBASTIÁN DE LOS REYES (MADRID)
It is a well-known fact that modules interfere negatively with each other in a serial connection; while the modules’ peak operating points are diverse, traditional inverters use a ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach to harvest their energy. Partial shading, or uneven exposure to sunlight, diversifies the modules even further as some can produce more than others now.
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You Be the Judge: A Ratings Tool for Selecting the Best Solar Module Rick Borry
What is the best PV module for a particular application? Is it one with the lowest cost per watt? Ultimately, it is the amount of energy produced that is the key factor in the economics of investment recovery and profit.
The Principal Solar Institute (PSI) has developed a tool for analyzing this key element: The PSI PV Module Rating, an energy assessment tool for comparing the Lifetime Energy Production of PV modules over a 25-year period. Using the PSI Rating, solar energy professionals can finally make easy, meaningful energy-economics comparisons of PV modules between manufacturers or within one manufacturer’s product line.
Hear Matt Thompson PhD, Executive Director of the Principal Solar Institute, and Kenneth Allen, COO of Principal Solar, Inc. and Principal Solar Institute Ratings Expert Panelist give an overview of the PSI PV Module Rating and explain how to use the ratings in financial calculations and comparisons of modules and manufacturers. Also, Steven Hegedus, PhD, scientist at the University of Delaware Institute of Energy Conversion, will present an overview of PV module field testing and performance metrics.Then discover specific applications for your business during a LIVE question-and-answer segment following the presentation.
PSI has just published a whitepaper detailing the PSI PV Module Ratings. You should download it free of charge here.
http://www.principalsolarinstitute.org/uploads/custom/3/_documents/PSIRatingsSystem.pdf
1. DAS Technology L t d
2 Hamilton P l a c e
NG18 5 F A
Designer: Martyn Watkinson
martynwatkinson@dassolar.co.uk
Project Name: Leigh Farm 18/06/2012
Variant Reference: 49.5 kWp
Designer: MGW
22 198 x Suntech Power 3 x SMA Solar Technology AG
STP250S-20/Wd (2012) 250 W Sunny Tripower 15000TL
3
20°; 30° 15.0kW
Location: Fairfield
Climate Data Record: Fairfield (1981-2000)
PV Output: 49.50 kWp
Gross/Active PV Surface Area: 322.12 / 321.69 m²
PV Array Irradiation: 337,332 kWh
Energy Produced by PV Array (AC): 45,358 kWh
Grid Feed-in: 45,358 kWh
Yield Reduction Due to Shading: 1 %
System Efficiency: 13.4 %
Performance Ratio: 87.3 %
Inverter Efficiency: 95.8 %
PV Array Efficiency: 14.0 %
Specific Annual Yield: 915.1 kWh/kWp
CO2 Emissions Avoided: 40,133 kg/a
The results are determined by a mathematical model calculation. The actual yields of the photovoltaic system
can deviate from these values due to fluctuations in the weather, the efficiency of modules and inverters, and other factors.
The System Diagram above does not represent and cannot replace a full technical drawing of the solar system.
PV*SOL Expert 5.5 (R2) 1
2. DAS Technology L t d
2 Hamilton P l a c e
NG18 5 F A
Designer: Martyn Watkinson
martynwatkinson@dassolar.co.uk
Project Name: Leigh Farm 18/06/2012
Variant Reference: 49.5 kWp
Designer: MGW
System in Grid Connected Operation
Location: Fairfield PV Output: 49.50 kWp
Climate Data Record: Fairfield Gross/Active PV Surface Area: 322.1 m² / 321.7
m²
Number of Arrays: 1
Array 1: System 1
Output: 49.50 kW Ground Reflection: 20.0 %
Gross/Active Solar 322.1 m² / 321.7 m² Output Losses due to...
Surface Area:
PV Module 198 x deviation from AM 1.5: 1.0 %
Manufacturer: Suntech Power deviation from Manufacturer's 2.0 %
Specification:
Model: STP250S-20/Wd (2012) in Diodes: 0.5 %
Nominal Output: 250 W due to Pollution: 0.0 %
Power Rating Deviation: 0% Inverter 3x
Efficiency (STC): 15.4 % Manufacturer: SMA Solar
Technology AG
No. of Modules in Series: 22 Model: Sunny Tripower
15000TL
MPP Voltage (STC): 675 V Output: 15.00 kW
Orientation: 30.0 ° European Efficiency: 97.9 %
Inclination: 20.0 ° No. of MPP Trackers: 1
Mount: with Ventilation MPP Tracking: 150 V To 800 V
Shade: Yes
Simulation Results for Total System
Irradiation onto Horizontal: 312,332 kWh Own Use: 61.1 kWh
PV Array Irradiation: 337,332 kWh Energy Produced by PV Array: 47,274 kWh
Irradiation minus Reflection: 328,056 kWh System Efficiency: 13.4 %
Irradiation without Shade: 346,048 kWh Performance Ratio: 87.3 %
Energy from Inverter (AC): 45,358 kWh Final Yield: 2.5 h/d
Consumption Requirement: 0 kWh Specific Annual Yield: 915 kWh/kWp
Energy from Grid: 61 kWh Array Efficiency: 14.0 %
6,000
5,000
4,000
kWh
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Energy from Inverter (AC) 45,358 kWh
PV*SOL Expert 5.5 (R2) 2
3. DAS Technology L t d
2 Hamilton P l a c e
NG18 5 F A
Designer: Martyn Watkinson
martynwatkinson@dassolar.co.uk
Project Name: Leigh Farm 18/06/2012
Variant Reference: 49.5 kWp
Designer: MGW
PV*SOL Expert 5.5 (R2) 3
4. DAS Technology L t d
2 Hamilton P l a c e
NG18 5 F A
Designer: Martyn Watkinson
martynwatkinson@dassolar.co.uk
Project Name: Leigh Farm 18/06/2012
Variant Reference: 49.5 kWp
Designer: MGW
Economic Efficiency Calculation
System Data
PV Output: 49.50 kWp
System Operating Start: 01/08/2012 Total Degradation: 15.00 %
Electricity Feed-in
Grid Concept: Full Feed-in
For the First 20 Years: 0.1520 £/kWh
Thereafter: 0.1520 £/kWh
Basic Economic Efficiency Parameters
Assessment Period: 25 Years
Interest on Capital: 0.00 %
All entries without sales tax
Income and expenditure
Investments: 63,000.00 £
Other Income/Savings: 2,212.00 £/a
Incoming subsidies: 685.95 £
Feed-in Payment Received in First Year: 6,894.47 £/a
Results According to Net Present Value Method
Net Present Value: 256,829.46 £
Payback Period: 6.3 Years
Yield: 15.3 %
Electricity Production Costs: 0.05 £/kWh
Cash Balance (Accrued Cash Flow)
250,000
200,000
Cash Values [£]
150,000
100,000
50,000
0
-50,000
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26
Years
PV*SOL Expert 5.5 (R2) 4
5. DAS Technology L t d
2 Hamilton P l a c e
NG18 5 F A
Designer: Martyn Watkinson
martynwatkinson@dassolar.co.uk
Project Name: Leigh Farm 18/06/2012
Variant Reference: 49.5 kWp
Designer: MGW
Detailed List of all Payments Received and Made
Investments
Position Service Life [a] Inflation [%] Amount[£]
Investments 26 0.00 63,000.00
Incoming subsidies
Position Amount[£]
Incoming subsidies 685.95
Other Income/Savings
Position Inflation [%] Amount[£]/a
Other Income/Savings 3.00 2,212.00
Income from Export to utility grid
Position Inflation [%] Amount[£]/a
Income from Export to utility grid 3.00 6,894.47
PV*SOL Expert 5.5 (R2) 5
6. DAS Technology L t d
2 Hamilton P l a c e
NG18 5 F A
Designer: Martyn Watkinson
martynwatkinson@dassolar.co.uk
Project Name: Leigh Farm 18/06/2012
Variant Reference: 49.5 kWp
Designer: MGW
System Visualization Screenshots
Environment
Screenshot2
Module Coverage
Screenshot5
Module Configuration
PV*SOL Expert 5.5 (R2) 6
7. DAS Technology L t d
2 Hamilton P l a c e
NG18 5 F A
Designer: Martyn Watkinson
martynwatkinson@dassolar.co.uk
Project Name: Leigh Farm 18/06/2012
Variant Reference: 49.5 kWp
Designer: MGW
Screenshot7
PV*SOL Expert 5.5 (R2) 7