CRM aims to optimize profitability, revenue and customer satisfaction by recognizing customer value. It has become more complex with increased offerings, competition and compressed marketing cycles. CRM principles include differentiating customers, offerings, retaining customers, maximizing lifetime value and increasing loyalty. Goals are to simplify marketing and sales, improve call center efficiency, provide better service, discover new customers and increase revenue through cross-selling. E-CRM uses internet technologies like email, websites and forums to automate marketing, sales and service processes. The 7 C's of E-CRM are context, content, community, customization, communication, connection and commerce. Marketing applications include permission marketing and customer profiling to break customers into groups sharing goals and characteristics.