2. Eighty Years War 1568 – 1648 Began as a revolt of the Seventeen Provinces against Philip II of Spain, the sovereign of the Habsburg Netherlands. War years marked the beginning of the Dutch Golden Age Worldwide Colonial Warfare
4. Result Independence of the Dutch Republic Subsequent war between the Spanish Empire and the Republic continued Heartland of the Republic was no longer threatened War ended in 1648 with the Peace of Munster Dutch Republic was recognized as an independent country
6. Dutch Golden Age A period of great commercial and cultural prosperity roughly spanning the 17th century Driven by great migrations from the South to the North Dutch Ships Whaling Svalbard Spice Trading India, Indonesia Founded Colonies New Amsterdam, South Africa, West Indies Slave Trade
7. Economics New nation flourished culturally and economically Called the embarrassment of riches by Simon Schama Speculation in the tulip trade led to a first stock market crash in 1637 Dutch East India Company (VOC) 21-year monopoly to carry out colonial activities in Asia
8. VOC (Dutch East India Company) Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie Founded 20 March 1602 Defunct17 March 1798 Fate Bankruptcy Headquarters East India House, Amsterdam, Holland, Dutch Republic The shipyard of the Dutch East India Company in Amsterdam, circa 1750
9. VOC (Dutch East India Company) first multinational corporation in the world first company to issue stock world's first megacorporation possessing quasi-governmental powers Including ability to wage war imprison execute convicts negotiate treaties coin money establish colonies VOC Monogram formerly above the entrance to the Castle of Good Hope
10. Economic power house Statistically, the VOC eclipsed all of its rivals in the Asia trade Between 1602 and 1796 the VOC sent almost a million Europeans to work in the Asia trade on 4,785 ships Netted for their efforts more than 2.5 million tons of Asian trade goods
11. Europe Europe combined sent only 882,412 people from 1500 to 1795 Fleet of the English (later British) East India Company, the VOC’s nearest competitor, was a distant second to its total traffic with 2,690 ships and a mere one-fifth the tonnage of goods carried by the VOC VOC enjoyed huge profits from its spice monopoly through most of the 17th century
12. Voc – company or government set up in 1602 to profit from the Malukan spice trade 1619 the VOC established a capital in the port city of Batavia (now Jakarta) Over the next two centuries the Company acquired additional ports as trading bases and safeguarded their interests by taking over surrounding territory
13. Voc – company or government Remained an important trading concern and paid an 18% annual dividend for almost 200 years Weighed down by corruption in the late 18th century, the Company went bankrupt and was formally dissolved in 1800 Possessions and the debt taken over by the government of the Dutch Batavian Republic VOC's territories became the Dutch East Indies
14. Voc – company or government A bond issued by the Dutch East India Company, dating from 7 November 1623, for the amount of 2,400 florins. Two sides of a duit, a coin minted in 1735 by the VOC
