Dr. A. Sumathi - Question Bank - Third Semester B.Pharm - Pharmaceutical Microbiology - Microbes, Bacteria, Virus, Fungi & Biochemical Tests

1. THIRD SEMESTER B.PHARM - PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY – SYLLABUS & QUESTION BANK
Dr. A. SUMATHI, PROFESSOR & HEAD, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICS
Chapter – 1
• Introduction, history of microbiology, its branches, scope and its importance
• a) Introduction to Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
• b) Study of ultra-structure and morphological classification of bacteria, nutritional requirements, raw
materials used for culture media and physical parameters for growth, growth curve, isolation and
preservation methods for pure cultures, cultivation of anaerobes, quantitative measurement of
bacterial growth (total & viable count)
• c) Study of different types of phase contrast microscopy, dark field microscopy and electron
microscopy
Essays
1. Explain the ultra-structure of bacteria with the help of a neat labeled diagram.
2. Draw a neat labeled diagram of a bacterial cell. Describe the cell wall & flagella in detail
3. Describe the phases of normal growth curve of typical bacterium. Add a note on raw materials used for
bacterial culture media.
4. Classify bacteria with examples
5. Explain different methods used in isolation and identification of bacteria
6. Describe the methods used for isolation and preservation of pure cultures
7. Explain different methods of isolation of pure culture
8. Discuss the isolation of pure culture
9. Classify culture media & explain each one with example
10. Classify culture media & explain the types with examples. Why Agar is called an ideal solidifying agent?
11. Describe the methods used for quantitative measurement of bacterial growth
12. What is total count? Give the different methods of measuring total count with its merits & demerits.
Short Notes
1. History of microbiology
2. Branches of microbiology
3. Scope of microbiology
4. Importance of microbiology
5. Differentiate prokaryotes and eukaryotes
6. Classification of microbes
7. Classify microorganisms depending on its temperature requirement with examples
8. What is the influence of temperature on bacterial growth?
9. Classify microorganisms depending on its mode of nutrition with examples
10. Classify microorganisms depending on its oxygen requirement with examples
11. What are the functions of pili & capsule in a bacterial cell
12. Explain the ultra structure of bacterial flagella with a neat diagram
13. Flagella – Structure & Types
14. Differentiate between autotrophs & heterotrophs
15. Difference between bacteria & virus
16. Nutritional requirements of bacteria
17. Physical conditions required for bacterial growth
18. Raw materials required for bacterial growth
19. Define & classify culture media
20. What are the various growth media?

2. THIRD SEMESTER B.PHARM - PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY – SYLLABUS & QUESTION BANK
Dr. A. SUMATHI, PROFESSOR & HEAD, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICS
21. Describe bacterial growth curve with a neat labeled diagram
22. Briefly describe the method of maintenance of organism in lab
23. Maintenance of lab cultures
24. Method of cultivation for anaerobes
25. Explain the cultivation of anaerobic microorganism
26. Anaerobic methods for cultivation of bacteria
27. Total Counting Techniques
28. Viable Counting Techniques
29. Explain various counting techniques
30. Total & viable counting of bacteria
31. What is viable count? Explain the various techniques of viable count
32. What is total count? Explain the various techniques of total count
33. Working and applications of Dark Field Microscope
34. Working and applications of electron microscope
35. Working and applications of Phase Contrast Microscope
Answer Briefly
1. Branches of microbiology
2. Classification of microbes
3. Differentiate prokaryotes and eukaryotes
4. LUCA
5. What are Thermophiles?
6. Types of flagella
7. Functions of bacterial capsule
8. Functions of pili
9. Streak plate technique
10. Serial dilution technique
11. Why Agar is called an ideal solidifying agent?
12. Exponential phase of normal bacterial growth curve
13. Difference between total count and viable count
14. Types of microscopes
15. What is resolving power of the microscope?
16. Principle involved in Dark Field Microscopy
17. Principle involved in Phase Contrast Microscopy
18. Principle involved in Electron Microscopy
19. SEM
20. TEM

3. THIRD SEMESTER B.PHARM - PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY – SYLLABUS & QUESTION BANK
Dr. A. SUMATHI, PROFESSOR & HEAD, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICS
Chapter – 2
Identification of bacteria using staining techniques (Simple, Grams & Acid Fast Staining) and biochemical
tests (IMViC)
Essays
1. Describe the various methods used for identification of bacteria
2. Explain the various staining techniques
3. Explain the various biochemical tests used for the identification of bacteria
4. Describe IMViC tests in detail for the identification of bacteria
Short Notes
1. Explain gram staining technique
2. Explain the principle & procedure of gram staining
3. Gram stain & Ziehl-Neelson stain
4. Differential methods of staining
5. Define & classify stains
6. Principle of indole & citrate utilization tests
7. Explain the principle & procedure involved in MR & VP test
Answer Briefly
1. Principle of Gram Staining Technique
2. Acid fast staining
3. IMViC Test
4. Which tests are known as IMViC biochemical tests?
5. Indole production test
6. Methyl red test
7. Voges Proskauer test
8. Citrate utilization test
9. Kovac’s Reagent
10. Baritt’s Reagent
11. Test to differentiate Escherichia & Enterobacter
12. Test to distinguish the members of the family Enterobacteriaceae

4. THIRD SEMESTER B.PHARM - PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY – SYLLABUS & QUESTION BANK
Dr. A. SUMATHI, PROFESSOR & HEAD, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICS
Chapter – 3
Study of morphology, classification, reproduction/replication and cultivation of Fungi and Virus
Essays
1. Describe the replication of animal virus in detail
2. Explain lytic & lysogenic cycle of a virus
3. What are viruses? Discuss the replication of viruses. Add a note of growth of viruses in tissue culture.
Short Notes
1. Structure of Fungi
2. Morphology of fungi
3. Classification of Fungi
4. Cultivation of Fungi
5. Reproduction of Fungi
6. Structure of Virus
7. Classification of Virus
8. Different methods of cultivation of Virus
9. Replication of Virus
10. Explain lytic & lysogenic cycle of a virus
Answer Briefly
1. Define Fungi
2. Fungi reproduction
3. Sexual reproduction of Fungi
4. Asexual reproduction of Fungi
5. Different types of spores in Fungi
6. Types of Fungi
7. What is a Capsid?
8. Lytic and lysogenic phases of viral multiplication
9. Lytic cycle of virus
10. Lysogenic cycle of Virus
11. Define Virus
12. Importance of Fungi
13. Baltimore classes of Virus
14. DNA Virus
15. RNA Virus
16. Viral capsid
17. Viral proteins
18. Viral envelope
19. Viral replication
20. Viral biosynthesis
21. Viral Morphogenesis
22. Viropexis
23. Late & Early proteins of virus
24. Embryonated egg cultivation
25. Tissue Culture Technique for Virus
26. Differentiate Virus and Bacteria