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nucleic acids are essential building blocks of DNA and RNA , This presentation gives a clear approach of it.
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Basics of DNA & RNA (Nucleic acid)
DNA sequencing involves analyzing the order of nucleotides in DNA. There are two types of nucleic acids: DNA and RNA. DNA is found in the nucleus and the amount is constant in somatic cells but half in gametes. Nucleotides are the subunits of DNA and RNA and contain a phosphate group, a sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), and a nitrogenous base. A nucleoside contains a sugar and base while a nucleotide additionally contains a phosphate group. The structures of nucleotides involve the phosphate group bonding to the sugar, the sugar-phosphate backbone formed by phosphodiester linkages between sugars, and various nitrogenous bases including purines and pyrimidines bonding to the sugar.
Structure of nucleotides
Nucleotides are the basic building blocks of nucleic acids. They consist of a nitrogenous base (adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine in DNA; adenine, guanine, uracil, cytosine in RNA), a phosphate group, and a sugar (deoxyribose in DNA; ribose in RNA). The nitrogenous bases are either purines (adenine and guanine) or pyrimidines (cytosine and thymine). These bases are attached to the pentose sugar via a glycosidic bond. Phosphodiester bonds link the 3' carbon of one sugar to the 5' carbon of the next, forming the backbone of nucleic acid strands. Nucleotides
Nucleotide Metabolism
This document discusses nucleotides, which are organic molecules that consist of a nucleoside and one or more phosphate groups. Nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA and RNA. It describes the components of nucleotides, including pentose sugars, phosphate groups, and nitrogenous bases. It also outlines the two pathways for nucleotide biosynthesis in cells: de novo synthesis, where nucleotides are synthesized from simple precursors, and salvage pathways, which recover bases and nucleosides from degraded DNA and RNA. The document provides details on purine and pyrimidine synthesis, including key enzymes and structural analog inhibitors that are used as anticancer drugs.
Nucleotides and Nucleosides 2.2.21.pptx
Nucleic acids are polymers of nucleotides that serve as repositories and transmitters of genetic information. The two main types are DNA and RNA, which are composed of nucleotides that contain a nitrogenous base, pentose sugar, and phosphate group. Nucleotides act as monomeric units that make up nucleic acids and also perform important cellular functions as components of coenzymes and in cellular energy reactions. Certain synthetic nucleotide analogs can inhibit nucleic acid synthesis and are used as chemotherapy agents to treat cancer and infections.
NUCLEOTIDES - Best.ppt
1. Nucleotides are organic molecules that serve as monomers for nucleic acids like DNA and RNA. They are composed of a nitrogenous base, a sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), and at least one phosphate group.
2. Nucleotides have important biochemical functions as building blocks of nucleic acids, as carriers of chemical energy in cells, and as secondary messengers or regulators of metabolism.
3. The four nitrogenous bases found in DNA are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine, while RNA contains adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil instead of thymine. Nucleotides are polymers of these bases linked to ribose or deoxyrib
Biomolecules ; Nucleic acids
Nucleic acids are organic biomolecules that contain heterocyclic rings. They are composed of nucleotides which contain a nitrogenous base, pentose sugar, and phosphate group. Nucleotides polymerize to form long chains with phosphodiester bonds between the sugar and phosphate groups. There are four nucleotides in DNA: adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine. Nucleic acids function to store and transfer genetic information, with DNA controlling cellular functions and RNA involved in protein synthesis.
Nucleic Acids Biochemistry (DNA & RNA)
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Basics of DNA & RNA (Nucleic acid)
DNA sequencing involves analyzing the order of nucleotides in DNA. There are two types of nucleic acids: DNA and RNA. DNA is found in the nucleus and the amount is constant in somatic cells but half in gametes. Nucleotides are the subunits of DNA and RNA and contain a phosphate group, a sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), and a nitrogenous base. A nucleoside contains a sugar and base while a nucleotide additionally contains a phosphate group. The structures of nucleotides involve the phosphate group bonding to the sugar, the sugar-phosphate backbone formed by phosphodiester linkages between sugars, and various nitrogenous bases including purines and pyrimidines bonding to the sugar.
Structure of nucleotides
Nucleotides are the basic building blocks of nucleic acids. They consist of a nitrogenous base (adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine in DNA; adenine, guanine, uracil, cytosine in RNA), a phosphate group, and a sugar (deoxyribose in DNA; ribose in RNA). The nitrogenous bases are either purines (adenine and guanine) or pyrimidines (cytosine and thymine). These bases are attached to the pentose sugar via a glycosidic bond. Phosphodiester bonds link the 3' carbon of one sugar to the 5' carbon of the next, forming the backbone of nucleic acid strands. Nucleotides
Nucleotide Metabolism
This document discusses nucleotides, which are organic molecules that consist of a nucleoside and one or more phosphate groups. Nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA and RNA. It describes the components of nucleotides, including pentose sugars, phosphate groups, and nitrogenous bases. It also outlines the two pathways for nucleotide biosynthesis in cells: de novo synthesis, where nucleotides are synthesized from simple precursors, and salvage pathways, which recover bases and nucleosides from degraded DNA and RNA. The document provides details on purine and pyrimidine synthesis, including key enzymes and structural analog inhibitors that are used as anticancer drugs.
Nucleotides and Nucleosides 2.2.21.pptx
Nucleic acids are polymers of nucleotides that serve as repositories and transmitters of genetic information. The two main types are DNA and RNA, which are composed of nucleotides that contain a nitrogenous base, pentose sugar, and phosphate group. Nucleotides act as monomeric units that make up nucleic acids and also perform important cellular functions as components of coenzymes and in cellular energy reactions. Certain synthetic nucleotide analogs can inhibit nucleic acid synthesis and are used as chemotherapy agents to treat cancer and infections.
NUCLEOTIDES - Best.ppt
1. Nucleotides are organic molecules that serve as monomers for nucleic acids like DNA and RNA. They are composed of a nitrogenous base, a sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), and at least one phosphate group.
2. Nucleotides have important biochemical functions as building blocks of nucleic acids, as carriers of chemical energy in cells, and as secondary messengers or regulators of metabolism.
3. The four nitrogenous bases found in DNA are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine, while RNA contains adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil instead of thymine. Nucleotides are polymers of these bases linked to ribose or deoxyrib
Biomolecules ; Nucleic acids
Nucleic acids are organic biomolecules that contain heterocyclic rings. They are composed of nucleotides which contain a nitrogenous base, pentose sugar, and phosphate group. Nucleotides polymerize to form long chains with phosphodiester bonds between the sugar and phosphate groups. There are four nucleotides in DNA: adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine. Nucleic acids function to store and transfer genetic information, with DNA controlling cellular functions and RNA involved in protein synthesis.
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DNA Stuctre and function
Sumeet Jani gave a presentation on DNA structure and function. The presentation covered what DNA is, its composition including the nitrogenous bases of adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine and uracil. It described DNA as a double helix with two complementary strands held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases. The structure allows DNA to efficiently store genetic information.
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- Nucleic acids are giant biomolecules composed of long chains of nucleotide monomers. Each nucleotide consists of a pentose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
- There are two main types of nucleic acids: DNA and RNA. DNA contains the genetic instructions and is made up of deoxyribose, while RNA assists in decoding DNA and is made up of ribose.
- Nucleotides are the basic building blocks of nucleic acids, with a phosphate group connecting the nitrogenous base to the pentose sugar. Together, these components form polynucleotides that can self-replicate and transmit hereditary information.
NUCLEIC ACID CHEMISTRY
The document discusses nucleic acids, specifically DNA and RNA. It describes their structure as polymers made of nucleotides, and their functions including storing and transmitting genetic information. DNA has a double helix structure proposed by Watson and Crick, with nucleotides on each strand complementary to each other through base pairing of A=T and C=G. Nucleic acids are essential for life's central dogma of transferring genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.
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This document outlines the structures and functions of nucleotides. Nucleotides are composed of a nitrogenous base, either a purine or pyrimidine, bonded to a pentose sugar such as ribose. Nucleosides are formed from a nitrogenous base bonded to a sugar, while nucleotides contain a phosphate group esterified to the sugar. Nucleotides function as energy carriers like ATP, as monomers of nucleic acids, in cell signaling as cyclic nucleotides, and as vitamin cofactors.
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Nucleic acids are made up of nucleotides that contain nitrogenous bases, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group. The two types of nucleic acids are RNA and DNA. DNA contains the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine, while RNA contains adenine, guanine, cytosine and uracil instead of thymine. Nucleotides join together via phosphodiester bonds to form polynucleotides. Nucleic acids store and transmit genetic information through their structure and role in protein synthesis.
Chemistry of nucleotides
- Nucleotides are composed of a nitrogenous base (purine or pyrimidine), a pentose sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), and one or more phosphate groups. When a base combines with a sugar, a nucleoside is formed. The addition of phosphate groups produces nucleotides.
- The four bases found in nucleic acids are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and either thymine in DNA or uracil in RNA. These bases combine with either ribose or deoxyribose to form nucleosides like AMP, GMP, CMP, TMP, and UMP.
- Nucleotides are the monomers that make up nucleic acids DNA and RNA
Chemistry of nucleotides
- Nucleotides are composed of a nitrogenous base (purine or pyrimidine), a pentose sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), and one or more phosphate groups. When a base combines with a sugar, a nucleoside is formed. The addition of phosphate groups forms nucleotides.
- The four bases found in nucleic acids are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and either thymine in DNA or uracil in RNA. These bases combine with either ribose or deoxyribose to form nucleosides like AMP, GMP, CMP, TMP, or UMP.
- Nucleotides are the monomers that make up nucleic acids DNA and RNA
Biomolecules
This document discusses various biomolecules including amino acids, lipids and fatty acids, nucleotides, and macromolecules such as proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids, and their structure, functions, and importance. It describes the four main types of protein structure - primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary. It also summarizes metabolism as the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within cells including catabolism and anabolism.
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Nucleic acids
- Friedrich Miescher isolated a substance from cell nuclei called nuclein in 1869, which was later called nucleic acid. Nucleic acids are polymers composed of nucleotides that make up genes and convey genetic information.
- Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids. Each nucleotide contains a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar (deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA), and a phosphate group. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) provides energy for cellular processes through hydrolysis.
- DNA and RNA are polynucleotides formed from linking many nucleotides together. DNA has a double helix structure with deoxyribose and binds via hydrogen bonds between complementary purine-pyri
chemistry NUCLEOTIDES
Nucleotides are organic compounds that serve as the monomeric units of nucleic acids DNA and RNA. They consist of three components - a phosphate group, a 5-carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), and one of five nitrogenous bases (adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, or uracil). Nucleotides function as carriers of chemical energy in cells and participate in cellular signaling and enzymatic reactions. They are the building blocks that make up nucleic acids, with DNA containing the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine, and RNA containing adenine, guanine, cytosine and uracil instead of thymine. Nucleotides differ based on their
Chemistry of nucleotides dr. vani
Nucleotides are composed of a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar, and one or more phosphate groups. The nitrogenous bases are either purines (adenine and guanine) or pyrimidines (cytosine, thymine, and uracil). When a base combines with a pentose sugar, a nucleoside is formed. The addition of one or more phosphate groups creates a nucleotide. Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA and are also involved in energy storage and transfer through molecules like ATP.
Nucleic acid and it's classification
Nucleic acids are biopolymers, macromolecules, essential to all known forms of life. They are composed of nucleotides, which are the monomer components: a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base. The two main classes of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). If the sugar is ribose, the polymer is RNA; if the sugar is the ribose derivative deoxyribose, the polymer is DNA.
Nucleic acids are naturally occurring chemical compounds that serve as the primary information-carrying molecules in cells and make up the genetic material. Nucleic acids are found in abundance in all living things, where they create, encode, and then store information of every living cell of every life-form on Earth. In turn, they function to transmit and express that information inside and outside the cell nucleus to the interior operations of the cell and ultimately to the next generation of each living organism. The encoded information is contained and conveyed via the nucleic acid sequence, which provides the 'ladder-step' ordering of nucleotides within the molecules of RNA and DNA. They play an especially important role in directing protein synthesis.
Strings of nucleotides are bonded to form helical backbones—typically, one for RNA, two for DNA—and assembled into chains of base-pairs selected from the five primary, or canonical, nucleobases, which are: adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, and uracil. Thymine occurs only in DNA and uracil only in RNA. Using amino acids and the process known as protein synthesis,[2] the specific sequencing in DNA of these nucleobase-pairs enables storing and transmitting coded instructions as genes. In RNA, base-pair sequencing provides for manufacturing new proteins that determine the frames and parts and most chemical processes of all life forms.
This article covers the chemistry of nucleic acids, describing the structures and properties that allow them to serve as the transmitters of genetic information. For a discussion of the genetic code, see heredity, and for a discussion of the role played by nucleic acids in protein synthesis, see metabolism.
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Nucleic acids like DNA and RNA are polymers of nucleotides that contain the genetic information in cells. DNA has a double helix structure with two antiparallel strands held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary nucleotide base pairs (A=T, C=G). This structure was discovered by Watson and Crick in 1953 and explained the inheritance of traits by replicating and transmitting genes from the parent DNA. Nucleic acids function to maintain genetic information, direct protein synthesis, and control cellular functions through DNA transcription and RNA translation.
Chap-7 Nucleic acid Power point presentation
Nucleic acids
Get their name because they were first found in the nucleus of cells, but they have since been discovered also to exist outside the nucleus (cytoplasm).
Are the molecules within a cell that are responsible for ability to produce exact replicas of themselves. It is called ‘molecules of heredity’.
Are the principle genetic materials of all living organisms.
It contains C, H, O, N (10%) and P (15%).
Are condensation polymers of nucleotides.
Are the polynucleotides having high molecular weight.
It is a polymer in which the monomer units are nucleotides.
Nucleotides: Phosphoric acid esters of nucleosides.
Nucleotides = nucleoside + phosphate
Nucleotides are carbon ring structures containing nitrogen linked to a 5-carbon sugar.
5-carbon sugar is either a ribose or a deoxy-ribose making the nucleotide either a ribonucleotide or a deoxyribonucleotide.
Nucleosides are compounds in which nitrogenous bases (purines and pyrimidines) are conjugated to the pentose sugars (ribose or deoxyribose) by a β-glycosidic linkage.
Ribose (RNA) is a sugar, like glucose, but with only five carbon atoms in its molecule.
Deoxyribose (DNA) is almost the same but lacks one oxygen atom.
In both types of nucleotides the pentoses exist in their ß-furanose (closed five-membered ring) forms.
Both molecules may be represented by the symbol:
Despite the complexity and diversity of life the structure of DNA is dependent on only 4 different nucleotides.
Diversity is dependent on the nucleotide sequence.
All nucleotides are 2 ring structures composed of:
Despite the complexity and diversity of life the structure of DNA is dependent on only 4 different nucleotides.
Diversity is dependent on the nucleotide sequence.
All nucleotides are 2 ring structures composed of:
A nucleoside consists of a nitrogen base linked by a glycosidic bond to C1’ of a ribose or deoxyribose.
Nucleosides are named by changing the nitrogen base ending to -osine for purines and –idine for pyrimidines
A nucleotide is a nucleoside that forms a phosphate ester with the C5’ OH group of ribose or deoxyribose
Nucleotides are named using the name of the nucleoside followed by 5’-monophosphate
Nucleic acid chemistry for 1st year medical 5 04-2016
Nucleic acids are polymers made of nucleotides joined by phosphodiester bonds. The nucleotides contain nitrogenous bases (purines or pyrimidines) attached to a sugar-phosphate backbone. DNA contains the sugars deoxyribose and the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. RNA contains the sugar ribose and replaces thymine with uracil. Nucleic acids form double-stranded helical structures stabilized by base pairing between adenine-thymine and guanine-cytosine in DNA or adenine-uracil and guanine-cytosine in RNA.
Nucleic acid
Nucleic acids are macromolecules found in all cells that are involved in storing and transmitting genetic information. There are two main types of nucleic acids: DNA and RNA. DNA contains the cell's genetic instructions and is located in the nucleus. It takes the shape of a double helix and can make copies of itself. RNA assists in carrying out the instructions in DNA and helps make proteins. Both DNA and RNA are made up of nucleotides, which consist of a nitrogenous base, a 5-carbon sugar (ribose in RNA and deoxyribose in DNA), and a phosphate group. Nucleoproteins are proteins linked to nucleic acids and are important components of chromosomes.
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2) Major infectious diseases include HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis, as well as deficiencies in vitamins and toxins from snake/scorpion bites.
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Chemistry of nucleotides
- Nucleotides are composed of a nitrogenous base (purine or pyrimidine), a pentose sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), and one or more phosphate groups. When a base combines with a sugar, a nucleoside is formed. The addition of phosphate groups forms nucleotides.
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Nucleotides are composed of a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar, and one or more phosphate groups. The nitrogenous bases are either purines (adenine and guanine) or pyrimidines (cytosine, thymine, and uracil). When a base combines with a pentose sugar, a nucleoside is formed. The addition of one or more phosphate groups creates a nucleotide. Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA and are also involved in energy storage and transfer through molecules like ATP.
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Nucleic acids are biopolymers, macromolecules, essential to all known forms of life. They are composed of nucleotides, which are the monomer components: a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base. The two main classes of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). If the sugar is ribose, the polymer is RNA; if the sugar is the ribose derivative deoxyribose, the polymer is DNA.
Nucleic acids are naturally occurring chemical compounds that serve as the primary information-carrying molecules in cells and make up the genetic material. Nucleic acids are found in abundance in all living things, where they create, encode, and then store information of every living cell of every life-form on Earth. In turn, they function to transmit and express that information inside and outside the cell nucleus to the interior operations of the cell and ultimately to the next generation of each living organism. The encoded information is contained and conveyed via the nucleic acid sequence, which provides the 'ladder-step' ordering of nucleotides within the molecules of RNA and DNA. They play an especially important role in directing protein synthesis.
Strings of nucleotides are bonded to form helical backbones—typically, one for RNA, two for DNA—and assembled into chains of base-pairs selected from the five primary, or canonical, nucleobases, which are: adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, and uracil. Thymine occurs only in DNA and uracil only in RNA. Using amino acids and the process known as protein synthesis,[2] the specific sequencing in DNA of these nucleobase-pairs enables storing and transmitting coded instructions as genes. In RNA, base-pair sequencing provides for manufacturing new proteins that determine the frames and parts and most chemical processes of all life forms.
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Nucleic acids like DNA and RNA are polymers of nucleotides that contain the genetic information in cells. DNA has a double helix structure with two antiparallel strands held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary nucleotide base pairs (A=T, C=G). This structure was discovered by Watson and Crick in 1953 and explained the inheritance of traits by replicating and transmitting genes from the parent DNA. Nucleic acids function to maintain genetic information, direct protein synthesis, and control cellular functions through DNA transcription and RNA translation.
Chap-7 Nucleic acid Power point presentation
Nucleic acids
Get their name because they were first found in the nucleus of cells, but they have since been discovered also to exist outside the nucleus (cytoplasm).
Are the molecules within a cell that are responsible for ability to produce exact replicas of themselves. It is called ‘molecules of heredity’.
Are the principle genetic materials of all living organisms.
It contains C, H, O, N (10%) and P (15%).
Are condensation polymers of nucleotides.
Are the polynucleotides having high molecular weight.
It is a polymer in which the monomer units are nucleotides.
Nucleotides: Phosphoric acid esters of nucleosides.
Nucleotides = nucleoside + phosphate
Nucleotides are carbon ring structures containing nitrogen linked to a 5-carbon sugar.
5-carbon sugar is either a ribose or a deoxy-ribose making the nucleotide either a ribonucleotide or a deoxyribonucleotide.
Nucleosides are compounds in which nitrogenous bases (purines and pyrimidines) are conjugated to the pentose sugars (ribose or deoxyribose) by a β-glycosidic linkage.
Ribose (RNA) is a sugar, like glucose, but with only five carbon atoms in its molecule.
Deoxyribose (DNA) is almost the same but lacks one oxygen atom.
In both types of nucleotides the pentoses exist in their ß-furanose (closed five-membered ring) forms.
Both molecules may be represented by the symbol:
Despite the complexity and diversity of life the structure of DNA is dependent on only 4 different nucleotides.
Diversity is dependent on the nucleotide sequence.
All nucleotides are 2 ring structures composed of:
Despite the complexity and diversity of life the structure of DNA is dependent on only 4 different nucleotides.
Diversity is dependent on the nucleotide sequence.
All nucleotides are 2 ring structures composed of:
A nucleoside consists of a nitrogen base linked by a glycosidic bond to C1’ of a ribose or deoxyribose.
Nucleosides are named by changing the nitrogen base ending to -osine for purines and –idine for pyrimidines
A nucleotide is a nucleoside that forms a phosphate ester with the C5’ OH group of ribose or deoxyribose
Nucleotides are named using the name of the nucleoside followed by 5’-monophosphate
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Nucleic acids are polymers made of nucleotides joined by phosphodiester bonds. The nucleotides contain nitrogenous bases (purines or pyrimidines) attached to a sugar-phosphate backbone. DNA contains the sugars deoxyribose and the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. RNA contains the sugar ribose and replaces thymine with uracil. Nucleic acids form double-stranded helical structures stabilized by base pairing between adenine-thymine and guanine-cytosine in DNA or adenine-uracil and guanine-cytosine in RNA.
Nucleic acid
Nucleic acids are macromolecules found in all cells that are involved in storing and transmitting genetic information. There are two main types of nucleic acids: DNA and RNA. DNA contains the cell's genetic instructions and is located in the nucleus. It takes the shape of a double helix and can make copies of itself. RNA assists in carrying out the instructions in DNA and helps make proteins. Both DNA and RNA are made up of nucleotides, which consist of a nitrogenous base, a 5-carbon sugar (ribose in RNA and deoxyribose in DNA), and a phosphate group. Nucleoproteins are proteins linked to nucleic acids and are important components of chromosomes.
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DOCTOR DUN.pptx
- 2. Introduction • Nucleic acids are chemical compounds (naturally occurring) capable of being broken down into; 1. Phosphoric acid 2. Sugars 3. Organic bases (mixtures ; purines and pyrimidines) • Nucleic acids are the main information-carrying molecules of the cell • The two main classes of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) • Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids
- 3. NUCLEOTIDES • Nucleotides are the basic building blocks of nucleic acids (both DNA and RNA) • Structurally , nucleotides have 3 components 1. A nitrogenous base 2. A pentose 3. A phosphate
- 4. Nitrogenous bases • Nitrogenous compounds that form an important part of nucleotides which are the building blocks of nucleic acids (DNA & RNA) • There are a total of five bases found in the DNA and RNA world, namely – Adenine (A), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G), Thymine (T) and Uracil (U). • The bases are subdivided into purines and pyrimidines • Purines include adenine and guanine • Pyrimidines include thymine , cytosine , and uracil
- 5. Purines • Purine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound that consists of two rings (pyrimidine and imidazole) fused together. It is water-soluble. • Purines include adenine and guanine among others (hypoxanthine and xanthine) • These bases form hydrogen bonds with their complementary pyrimidines , thymine and cytosine respectively .in RNA , the complement of adenine is uracil instead of thymine • Purines are mostly naturally available in meat and meat products and not only important in DNA and RNA but also significant components in a number of other important biomolecules, such as ATP, GTP, cyclic AMP, NADH, and coenzyme A. • Purine (1) itself, has not been found in nature, but it can be produced by organic synthesis. • They may also function directly as neurotransmitters, acting upon purinergic receptors. Adenosine activates adenosine receptors.
- 7. adenine • Adenine is a two ringed purine derived nucleobase that has an amino group attached to the C6 position. • In the nucleotide structure it forms a covalent bond with the ribose/deoxyribose sugar and hydrogen bond with the adjacent nucleobase, that is either a thymine or uracil. • Other compounds formed by adenine include vitamin B12, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). • Adenine structure formula is C5H5N5