Presentation from Container Camp London 2015 which compares both the network performance of containers on both AWS and Azure. Included SDN solutions in these tests are Flannel, Weave and Project Calico.
Overlay/Underlay - Betting on Container NetworkingLee Calcote
Presented at Rackspace Austin (downtown) on July 27th, 2016.
An inherent to component to any distributed application, networking is one of the most complicated and expansive infrastructure technologies. Container networking needs to be developer-friendly. Application-driven and portable. With developers busily adopting container technologies, the time has come for network engineers and operators to prepare for the unique challenges brought on by cloud native applications. What container networking specifications bring to the table and how to leverage them.
The attached is a summary of terms, description of constructs, integration alternatives and more in the networking world of Kubernetes, Openshift and AWS
Docker Online Meetup #22: Docker NetworkingDocker, Inc.
Building on top of his talk at DockerCon 2015, Jana Radhakrishnan, Lead Software Engineer at Docker, does a deep dive into Docker Networking with additional demos and insights on the product roadmap.
This talks shows how to implement the Application-Based Routing in the common Linux Distribution. We use the NDPI to execute the DPI function to category the packet first, use the linux kernel build-it mark to pass the information from user-space to kernel space and then the policy routing system use that mark to route the packet by different destination or interface.
Kubernetes networking: Introduction to overlay networks, communication models...Murat Mukhtarov
This talk was given during Kubernetes Meetup in Melbourne on 26 April 2016. In this presentation we provide a quick overview of overlay networking concept, introduction into Linux namespaces and comparison between Kubernetes and Docker networking models. Implementation example based on Flannel network presented as well.
Overlay/Underlay - Betting on Container NetworkingLee Calcote
Presented at Rackspace Austin (downtown) on July 27th, 2016.
An inherent to component to any distributed application, networking is one of the most complicated and expansive infrastructure technologies. Container networking needs to be developer-friendly. Application-driven and portable. With developers busily adopting container technologies, the time has come for network engineers and operators to prepare for the unique challenges brought on by cloud native applications. What container networking specifications bring to the table and how to leverage them.
The attached is a summary of terms, description of constructs, integration alternatives and more in the networking world of Kubernetes, Openshift and AWS
Docker Online Meetup #22: Docker NetworkingDocker, Inc.
Building on top of his talk at DockerCon 2015, Jana Radhakrishnan, Lead Software Engineer at Docker, does a deep dive into Docker Networking with additional demos and insights on the product roadmap.
This talks shows how to implement the Application-Based Routing in the common Linux Distribution. We use the NDPI to execute the DPI function to category the packet first, use the linux kernel build-it mark to pass the information from user-space to kernel space and then the policy routing system use that mark to route the packet by different destination or interface.
Kubernetes networking: Introduction to overlay networks, communication models...Murat Mukhtarov
This talk was given during Kubernetes Meetup in Melbourne on 26 April 2016. In this presentation we provide a quick overview of overlay networking concept, introduction into Linux namespaces and comparison between Kubernetes and Docker networking models. Implementation example based on Flannel network presented as well.
Programmable network connectivity and network overlay technologies like Docker libnetwork, Weave Net, and Calico are essential tools for DevOps engineers using orchestration tools to manage and deploy Docker containers in production. Because network troubleshooting and optimization falls within the jurisdiction of DevOps, it’s vital that DevOps engineers understand exactly how network overlays work. Participants will learn the fundamentals of container networking, see practical examples of common network overlays, and receive guidance on effectively using and tuning network overlays.
Tectonic Summit 2016: Networking for Kubernetes CoreOS
Sreekanth Pothanis, Cloud Engineering, eBay shares a networking Kubernetes tale from the trenches.
Networking is the hardest component in any ones infrastructure, everything depends on it. Specifically when we have web scale infrastructure with tens of thousands of servers. eBay is investing heavily in Kubernetes and networking again is one of the areas we have the most difficulty with.
During the course of this talk we will go through various approaches we tried to make container networking conform to Kubernetes networking principles, while ensuring that it adapts to the existing networking models our infrastructure supports.
We would also cover how we have automated the process of setting up networking for Kubernetes clusters and how it offers seamless integration with non-Kubernetes workloads.
12/12/16
Kubernetes has two simple but powerful network concepts: every Pod is connected to the same network, and Services let you talk to a Pod by name. Bryan will take you through how these concepts are implemented - Pod Networks via the Container Network Interface (CNI), Service Discovery via kube-dns and Service virtual IPs, then on to how Services are exposed to the rest of the world.
Tech Talk by Gal Sagie: Kuryr - Connecting containers networking to OpenStack...nvirters
These are slides from the Tech Talk at http://www.meetup.com/openvswitch/events/226518209/
Synopsis
Kuryr is a new project under Neutron's big tent that makes Neutron networking available to Docker containers by means of a Docker plugin.
In this session Gal will introduce Kuryr and show how it provides networking for containers in plain Docker environments and in mixed Docker, OpenStack environments. He will also present Kuryr's roadmap and integration with networking models in other orchestration engines like Kubernetes and Docker
About Gal Sagie
Gal Sagie is an open source software architect at Huawei European Research Centre, focusing work on OpenStack networking and containers networking. Working on various projects in the community like Dragonflow, OVN, Kuryr, and Multisite/Hybrid clouds in OpenStack. Blogging for anything SDN/NFV/OpenStack related at http://galsagie.github.io
Container Network Interface: Network Plugins for Kubernetes and beyondKubeAcademy
With the rise of modern containers comes new problems to solve – especially in networking. Numerous container SDN solutions have recently entered the market, each best suited for a particular environment. Combined with multiple container runtimes and orchestrators available today, there exists a need for a common layer to allow interoperability between them and the network solutions.
As different environments demand different networking solutions, multiple vendors and viewpoints look to a specification to help guide interoperability. Container Network Interface (CNI) is a specification started by CoreOS with the input from the wider open source community aimed to make network plugins interoperable between container execution engines. It aims to be as common and vendor-neutral as possible to support a wide variety of networking options — from MACVLAN to modern SDNs such as Weave and flannel.
CNI is growing in popularity. It got its start as a network plugin layer for rkt, a container runtime from CoreOS. Today rkt ships with multiple CNI plugins allowing users to take advantage of virtual switching, MACVLAN and IPVLAN as well as multiple IP management strategies, including DHCP. CNI is getting even wider adoption with Kubernetes adding support for it. Kubernetes accelerates development cycles while simplifying operations, and with support for CNI is taking the next step toward a common ground for networking. For continued success toward interoperability, Kubernetes users can come to this session to learn the CNI basics.
This talk will cover the CNI interface, including an example of how to build a simple plugin. It will also show Kubernetes users how CNI can be used to solve their networking challenges and how they can get involved.
KubeCon schedule link: http://sched.co/4VAo
Containers require a new approach to networking. How are your containers communicating with each other? This talk will go through the different network topologies of Kubernetes. How Kubernetes addresses networking compared to traditional physical networking concepts. What are your options for networking using Kubernetes. What is the CNI (Container Network Interface) and how it affects Kubernetes networking.
Introduction what is container and how to use it. staring from the comparison to virtual machine and also show how to use the persistent storage and port mapping in containers.
In the last part, shows what is kubernetes and what kind of problems kubernetes want to solve and how it solves.
An in-depth look into Docker Networking. We will cover all the networking features natively available in Docker and take you through hands-on exercises designed to help you learn the skills you need to deploy and maintain Docker containers in your existing network environment.
Led by Docker Networking Pros:
Madhu Venugopal
Jana Radhakrishnan
How to build a Kubernetes networking solution from scratchAll Things Open
Presented by: Antonin Bas & Jianjun Shen, VMware
Presented at All Things Open 2020
Abstract: For the non-initiated, Kubernetes (K8s) networking can be a bit like dark magic. Many clusters have requirements beyond what the default network plugin, kubenet, can provide and require the use of a third-party Container Network Interface (CNI) plugin. But what exactly is the role of these plugins, how do they differ from each other and how does the choice of one affect your cluster?
In this talk, Antonin and Jianjun will describe how a group of developers was able to build a CNI plugin - an open source project called Antrea - from scratch and bring it to production in a matter of months. This velocity was achieved by leveraging existing open-source technologies extensively: Open vSwitch, a well-established programmable virtual switch for the data plane, and the K8s libraries for the control plane. Antonin and Jianjun will explain the responsibilities of a CNI plugin in the context of K8s and will walk the audience through the steps required to create one. They will show how Antrea integrates with the rest of the cloud-native ecosystem (e.g. dashboards such as Octant and Prometheus) to provide insight into the network and ensure that K8s networking is not just dark magic anymore.
In this slide, we discussed the IPVS, including the introduction, demonstration, implementation, and integration in Kubernetes.
IPVS was based on the netfilter and we discussed how it works with iptables and also compares the detail implementation in Kubernetes to show why IPVS has a better performance in IPTABLES.
Introduce the basic concept of load-balancing, common implementations of load-balancing and the detail fo kubernetes service. In the last, demonstrate how to modify the linux iptable kernel module to fulfill the layer-7 load-balcning for kubernetes
Uploading slides presented in the OpenStack summit, at Austin in April, 2016. Here is the link to the video,
https://www.openstack.org/videos/video/optimising-nfv-service-chains-on-openstack-using-docker
Programmable network connectivity and network overlay technologies like Docker libnetwork, Weave Net, and Calico are essential tools for DevOps engineers using orchestration tools to manage and deploy Docker containers in production. Because network troubleshooting and optimization falls within the jurisdiction of DevOps, it’s vital that DevOps engineers understand exactly how network overlays work. Participants will learn the fundamentals of container networking, see practical examples of common network overlays, and receive guidance on effectively using and tuning network overlays.
Tectonic Summit 2016: Networking for Kubernetes CoreOS
Sreekanth Pothanis, Cloud Engineering, eBay shares a networking Kubernetes tale from the trenches.
Networking is the hardest component in any ones infrastructure, everything depends on it. Specifically when we have web scale infrastructure with tens of thousands of servers. eBay is investing heavily in Kubernetes and networking again is one of the areas we have the most difficulty with.
During the course of this talk we will go through various approaches we tried to make container networking conform to Kubernetes networking principles, while ensuring that it adapts to the existing networking models our infrastructure supports.
We would also cover how we have automated the process of setting up networking for Kubernetes clusters and how it offers seamless integration with non-Kubernetes workloads.
12/12/16
Kubernetes has two simple but powerful network concepts: every Pod is connected to the same network, and Services let you talk to a Pod by name. Bryan will take you through how these concepts are implemented - Pod Networks via the Container Network Interface (CNI), Service Discovery via kube-dns and Service virtual IPs, then on to how Services are exposed to the rest of the world.
Tech Talk by Gal Sagie: Kuryr - Connecting containers networking to OpenStack...nvirters
These are slides from the Tech Talk at http://www.meetup.com/openvswitch/events/226518209/
Synopsis
Kuryr is a new project under Neutron's big tent that makes Neutron networking available to Docker containers by means of a Docker plugin.
In this session Gal will introduce Kuryr and show how it provides networking for containers in plain Docker environments and in mixed Docker, OpenStack environments. He will also present Kuryr's roadmap and integration with networking models in other orchestration engines like Kubernetes and Docker
About Gal Sagie
Gal Sagie is an open source software architect at Huawei European Research Centre, focusing work on OpenStack networking and containers networking. Working on various projects in the community like Dragonflow, OVN, Kuryr, and Multisite/Hybrid clouds in OpenStack. Blogging for anything SDN/NFV/OpenStack related at http://galsagie.github.io
Container Network Interface: Network Plugins for Kubernetes and beyondKubeAcademy
With the rise of modern containers comes new problems to solve – especially in networking. Numerous container SDN solutions have recently entered the market, each best suited for a particular environment. Combined with multiple container runtimes and orchestrators available today, there exists a need for a common layer to allow interoperability between them and the network solutions.
As different environments demand different networking solutions, multiple vendors and viewpoints look to a specification to help guide interoperability. Container Network Interface (CNI) is a specification started by CoreOS with the input from the wider open source community aimed to make network plugins interoperable between container execution engines. It aims to be as common and vendor-neutral as possible to support a wide variety of networking options — from MACVLAN to modern SDNs such as Weave and flannel.
CNI is growing in popularity. It got its start as a network plugin layer for rkt, a container runtime from CoreOS. Today rkt ships with multiple CNI plugins allowing users to take advantage of virtual switching, MACVLAN and IPVLAN as well as multiple IP management strategies, including DHCP. CNI is getting even wider adoption with Kubernetes adding support for it. Kubernetes accelerates development cycles while simplifying operations, and with support for CNI is taking the next step toward a common ground for networking. For continued success toward interoperability, Kubernetes users can come to this session to learn the CNI basics.
This talk will cover the CNI interface, including an example of how to build a simple plugin. It will also show Kubernetes users how CNI can be used to solve their networking challenges and how they can get involved.
KubeCon schedule link: http://sched.co/4VAo
Containers require a new approach to networking. How are your containers communicating with each other? This talk will go through the different network topologies of Kubernetes. How Kubernetes addresses networking compared to traditional physical networking concepts. What are your options for networking using Kubernetes. What is the CNI (Container Network Interface) and how it affects Kubernetes networking.
Introduction what is container and how to use it. staring from the comparison to virtual machine and also show how to use the persistent storage and port mapping in containers.
In the last part, shows what is kubernetes and what kind of problems kubernetes want to solve and how it solves.
An in-depth look into Docker Networking. We will cover all the networking features natively available in Docker and take you through hands-on exercises designed to help you learn the skills you need to deploy and maintain Docker containers in your existing network environment.
Led by Docker Networking Pros:
Madhu Venugopal
Jana Radhakrishnan
How to build a Kubernetes networking solution from scratchAll Things Open
Presented by: Antonin Bas & Jianjun Shen, VMware
Presented at All Things Open 2020
Abstract: For the non-initiated, Kubernetes (K8s) networking can be a bit like dark magic. Many clusters have requirements beyond what the default network plugin, kubenet, can provide and require the use of a third-party Container Network Interface (CNI) plugin. But what exactly is the role of these plugins, how do they differ from each other and how does the choice of one affect your cluster?
In this talk, Antonin and Jianjun will describe how a group of developers was able to build a CNI plugin - an open source project called Antrea - from scratch and bring it to production in a matter of months. This velocity was achieved by leveraging existing open-source technologies extensively: Open vSwitch, a well-established programmable virtual switch for the data plane, and the K8s libraries for the control plane. Antonin and Jianjun will explain the responsibilities of a CNI plugin in the context of K8s and will walk the audience through the steps required to create one. They will show how Antrea integrates with the rest of the cloud-native ecosystem (e.g. dashboards such as Octant and Prometheus) to provide insight into the network and ensure that K8s networking is not just dark magic anymore.
In this slide, we discussed the IPVS, including the introduction, demonstration, implementation, and integration in Kubernetes.
IPVS was based on the netfilter and we discussed how it works with iptables and also compares the detail implementation in Kubernetes to show why IPVS has a better performance in IPTABLES.
Introduce the basic concept of load-balancing, common implementations of load-balancing and the detail fo kubernetes service. In the last, demonstrate how to modify the linux iptable kernel module to fulfill the layer-7 load-balcning for kubernetes
Uploading slides presented in the OpenStack summit, at Austin in April, 2016. Here is the link to the video,
https://www.openstack.org/videos/video/optimising-nfv-service-chains-on-openstack-using-docker
Optimising nfv service chains on open stack using dockerAnanth Padmanabhan
Uploading slides presented in the OpenStack summit, at Austin in April, 2016. Here is the link to the video,
https://www.openstack.org/videos/video/optimising-nfv-service-chains-on-openstack-using-docker
Docker Networking in OpenStack: What you need to know nowPLUMgrid
Learn how you bring secure, scalable, available and open software defined networking to Docker containers managed by OpenStack. This session will cover how Docker virtual networks function, how to plumb them into the virtual network fabric and reliably assign information such as IP addresses, virtual interfaces and more. In addition, this session will also cover how to securely wrap Docker containers using security policies and encryption.
Networking in CloudStack is full-featured, full of bells and whistles and by necessity complicated. This session will take cloud operators through the ins-and-outs of CloudStack Networking. Attendees will learn the motivations behind how CloudStack networking is architected, solutions to common networking requirements, gotchas, troubleshooting CloudStack networking and finally some future directions for theses features.
It is assumed that the audience will have some experience administering CloudStack clouds.
Tech Talk by John Casey (CTO) CPLANE_NETWORKS : High Performance OpenStack Ne...nvirters
OpenStack is HOT! No doubt about it. A recent survey by The New Stack and The Linux Foundation shows OpenStack as the most popular open source project ahead of other hot projects like Docker and KVM. OpenStack is now taking its rightful place as the open source cloud solution for enterprises and service providers.
To date OpenStack networking has not yet achieved the performance, scalability and reliability that many large enterprises demand. CPLANE NETWORKS solves that problem by delivering secure multi-tenant virtual networking that overcomes the limitations of the standard Neutron networking service. By making all networking services local to the compute node and achieving near line-rate throughput, CPLANE NETWORKS Dynamic Virtual Networks (DVN) delivers mega-scale networking for the most demanding application environments.
In this session John Casey will cover the basics of DVN and explain how CPLANE NETWORKS achieves "at scale" network performance within and across data centers.
About John Casey
John Casey has over 20 years of deep technology leadership. His proven success with a variety of technical leadership roles in Telecom, Enterprise and Government and in software design and development provide the foundation for the system architecture and engineering team.
Previously John led worldwide deployment teams for both IBM’s Software Group and Narus, Inc. His work in large scale, high performance system design at Transarc Labs and Walker Interactive Systems brings leadership to the CPLANE NETWORKS product suite.
Midokura OpenStack Day Korea Talk: MidoNet Open Source Network Virtualization...Dan Mihai Dumitriu
OpenStack deployments for public or private clouds require overlay networking. Due to the scale and rate of change of virtual resources, it isn't practical to rely on traditional network constructs and isolation mechanims. Today's deployments require performance, resilience, and high availability to be considered truly production-ready. In this session, we deep dive into the MidoNet architecture, and process of sending a data packet across an OpenStack environment through a network overlay. A distributed architecture implements logical constructs that are used to build networks without a single point of failure, all while adding network functionality in a highly-scalable manner. Network functions are applied in a single virtual hop. By applying network services right at the ingress host, the network is free from unnecessary clogging and bottlenecks by avoiding additional hops. Packets reach their destination more efficiently with the single virtual hop. After this session, the audience will understand how distributed architectures allow efficient networking with routing decisions and network services applied at the edge. Also, the audience will understand how it is easier to scale clouds when the network intelligence is distributed.
DockerCon EU 2015: Docker Networking Deep DiveDocker, Inc.
with Jana Radhakrishnan, Lead Software Engineer at Docker, and David Tucker, Product Manager, Docker
Docker Networking is a feature of Docker Engine that allows you to create virtual networks and attach containers to them so you can create the network topology that is right for your application. The networked containers can even span multiple hosts, so you don’t have to worry about what host your container lands on. They can seamlessly communicate with each other wherever they are - thus enabling true distributed applications.
And Networking is pluggable, so you can use any third-party networking driver to power your networks without having to make any changes to your application.
Read more: https://blog.docker.com/2015/11/docker-multi-host-networking-ga/
--
Docker is an open platform for developers and system administrators to build, ship and run distributed applications. With Docker, IT organizations shrink application delivery from months to minutes, frictionlessly move workloads between data centers and the cloud and can achieve up to 20X greater efficiency in their use of computing resources. Inspired by an active community and by transparent, open source innovation, Docker containers have been downloaded more than 700 million times and Docker is used by millions of developers across thousands of the world’s most innovative organizations, including eBay, Baidu, the BBC, Goldman Sachs, Groupon, ING, Yelp, and Spotify. Docker’s rapid adoption has catalyzed an active ecosystem, resulting in more than 180,000 “Dockerized” applications, over 40 Docker-related startups and integration partnerships with AWS, Cloud Foundry, Google, IBM, Microsoft, OpenStack, Rackspace, Red Hat and VMware.
Learn more at www.docker.com
Development, test, and characterization of MEC platforms with Teranium and Dr...Michelle Holley
Mobile edge computing delivers cloud computing at the edge of the cellular network to drive services quality and innovation. The ability for CSPs and ISVs to effectively develop, deliver, and deploy MEC services on a given platform directly correlates with the availability and maturity of associated tools and test environment. Dronava is a hyper-connected, web-scale network reference design for the 5G mobile network, suitable for use as a test and development socket for cloud applications developed for MEC platforms with tools such as the Intel NEV SDK. With Dronava, developers can drive the application with real traffics from the network edge to the EPC core, and if need be, connect with services in the core network in order to fully characterize the functionalities, latency, and throughput of the platform and application.Teranium is an integrated development environment that simplifies the development, packaging, and deployment/management of cloud applications. Teranium can be utilized to develop and deploy MEC applications on a number of platforms. Together with Dronava, Teranium helps to reduce complexity and improve efficiency in the ability of CSPs and ISVs to adopt and deploy MEC-base services.
Lisa Caywood and Colin Dixon's presentation at the 2017 Open Networking Summit.
OpenDaylight has become a nexus for open source integration, creating a new open networking stack and enabling a new generation of open source, agile IT infrastructure. The fifth “Boron” release provides new tooling and documentation to support application developers, as well as greater integration with industry frameworks from OPNFV and OpenStack to CORD and Atrium. Boron also brings a practical focus on two leading types of deployments: (1) direct control of virtual switches to provide network virtualization and NFV and (2) management and orchestration of existing networks to provide new features and automation. This talk will cover trends in open SDN and cloud networking, with a focus on Boron milestones. In particular, it dives into the architecture across OpenStack and OpenDaylight to enable OpenStack service function chaining support in OpenDaylight.
The Future of SDN in CloudStack by Chiradeep Vittalbuildacloud
The core of CloudStack networking has always been software-defined. As the networking industry evolves to a software-defined future, CloudStack will have to evolve with it.
The presentation will examine the present state of SDN in CloudStack, look at some industry directions and attempt to predict the evolution of CloudStack with those trends.
Bio
Chiradeep Vittal is a Distinguished Engineer in the Converged Infrastructure Group at Citrix where he has technology leadership responsibilities around Citrix Cloud Platform, Citrix Lifecycle Manager and Citrix Workspace Pod. He is also a Project Management Committee member of the Apache CloudStack Project. At cloud.com (acquired by Citrix), he was a founding engineer, often tasked with the thorny details of virtualized networking and storage. Prior to cloud.com, he worked at several Silicon Valley startups in various architectural roles.
Chiradeep has a B.Tech in Computer Science from IIT, Bombay and a M.Sc from the University of Alberta. He has spoken / presented at several conferences, including CloudStack Collab, LISA, OSCON, ONS, SDN Summit and LinuxCon. His twitter handle is @chiradeep and occasionally blogs at http://cloudierthanthou.wordpress.com
Software Defined Networking is seeing a lot of momentum these days. With server virtualization solving the virtual machines problem, and large scale object storage solving the distributed storage challenge, SDN is seen as key in virtual networking.
In this talk we don't try to define SDN but rather dive straight into what in our opinion is the core enabled of SDN: the virtual switch OVS.
OVS can help manage VLAN for guest network isolation, it can re-route any traffic at L2-L4 by keeping forwarding tables controlled by a remote controller (Openfow controller). We show these few OVS capabilities and highlight how they are used in CloudStack and Xen.
Xen Summit presentation of CloudStack and Software Defined Networks. OpenVswitch is the default bridge in Xen and supported in XenServer and Xen Cloud Platform
Simple, Scalable and Secure Networking for Data Centers with Project CalicoEmma Gordon
Traditional overlay networks using VXLAN are more complicated to setup and diagnose than is necessary for the majority of data centers. Calico offers an alternative Layer 3 solution - aside from simplicity, this also offers benefits in terms of improved scale and security.
These are the Calico slides from the SDN Switzerland meetup on 13/11/2015,
Practical Design Patterns in Docker NetworkingDocker, Inc.
Migrating an application to Docker creates an opportunity to utilize new networking topologies and features, which can provide new functionality to an existing application. This talk will provide an overview of Docker networking with a focus on the architectural choices when migrating applications. Taking sample applications we will look at the existing networking topology and cover the options available to create a simple migration and provide additional functionality.
Software Defined Networks (SDN) na przykładzie rozwiązania OpenContrail.Semihalf
Z prezentacji dowiesz się:
Co to są sieci programowalne i wirtualizowane (SDN / NFV)?
Jaką nową jakość wprowadzają one dla operatorów chmur obliczeniowych i centrów danych?
W jaki sposób technologia OpenContrail realizuje sieci nowej generacji?
Similar to Docker network performance in the public cloud (20)
# Internet Security: Safeguarding Your Digital World
In the contemporary digital age, the internet is a cornerstone of our daily lives. It connects us to vast amounts of information, provides platforms for communication, enables commerce, and offers endless entertainment. However, with these conveniences come significant security challenges. Internet security is essential to protect our digital identities, sensitive data, and overall online experience. This comprehensive guide explores the multifaceted world of internet security, providing insights into its importance, common threats, and effective strategies to safeguard your digital world.
## Understanding Internet Security
Internet security encompasses the measures and protocols used to protect information, devices, and networks from unauthorized access, attacks, and damage. It involves a wide range of practices designed to safeguard data confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Effective internet security is crucial for individuals, businesses, and governments alike, as cyber threats continue to evolve in complexity and scale.
### Key Components of Internet Security
1. **Confidentiality**: Ensuring that information is accessible only to those authorized to access it.
2. **Integrity**: Protecting information from being altered or tampered with by unauthorized parties.
3. **Availability**: Ensuring that authorized users have reliable access to information and resources when needed.
## Common Internet Security Threats
Cyber threats are numerous and constantly evolving. Understanding these threats is the first step in protecting against them. Some of the most common internet security threats include:
### Malware
Malware, or malicious software, is designed to harm, exploit, or otherwise compromise a device, network, or service. Common types of malware include:
- **Viruses**: Programs that attach themselves to legitimate software and replicate, spreading to other programs and files.
- **Worms**: Standalone malware that replicates itself to spread to other computers.
- **Trojan Horses**: Malicious software disguised as legitimate software.
- **Ransomware**: Malware that encrypts a user's files and demands a ransom for the decryption key.
- **Spyware**: Software that secretly monitors and collects user information.
### Phishing
Phishing is a social engineering attack that aims to steal sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details. Attackers often masquerade as trusted entities in email or other communication channels, tricking victims into providing their information.
### Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) Attacks
MitM attacks occur when an attacker intercepts and potentially alters communication between two parties without their knowledge. This can lead to the unauthorized acquisition of sensitive information.
### Denial-of-Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) Attacks
APNIC Foundation, presented by Ellisha Heppner at the PNG DNS Forum 2024APNIC
Ellisha Heppner, Grant Management Lead, presented an update on APNIC Foundation to the PNG DNS Forum held from 6 to 10 May, 2024 in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.
Bridging the Digital Gap Brad Spiegel Macon, GA Initiative.pptxBrad Spiegel Macon GA
Brad Spiegel Macon GA’s journey exemplifies the profound impact that one individual can have on their community. Through his unwavering dedication to digital inclusion, he’s not only bridging the gap in Macon but also setting an example for others to follow.
This 7-second Brain Wave Ritual Attracts Money To You.!nirahealhty
Discover the power of a simple 7-second brain wave ritual that can attract wealth and abundance into your life. By tapping into specific brain frequencies, this technique helps you manifest financial success effortlessly. Ready to transform your financial future? Try this powerful ritual and start attracting money today!
Multi-cluster Kubernetes Networking- Patterns, Projects and GuidelinesSanjeev Rampal
Talk presented at Kubernetes Community Day, New York, May 2024.
Technical summary of Multi-Cluster Kubernetes Networking architectures with focus on 4 key topics.
1) Key patterns for Multi-cluster architectures
2) Architectural comparison of several OSS/ CNCF projects to address these patterns
3) Evolution trends for the APIs of these projects
4) Some design recommendations & guidelines for adopting/ deploying these solutions.
Multi-cluster Kubernetes Networking- Patterns, Projects and Guidelines
Docker network performance in the public cloud
1. Docker network performance in
the public cloud
Arjan Schaaf - Luminis Technologies
container.camp London
September 11th 2015
2. Cloud RTI
• Luminis Technologies
• Founded in The Netherlands
• amdatu.com PAAS
• both public and private clouds
• cloud provider independent
3. Cloud RTI
• CoreOS
• Docker
• Kubernetes
• Load balancing, Data Stores, ELK
• High available, scalable applications with centralised
logging, monitoring and metrics
4. Choose your cloud wisely
• comparing cloud VM’s based on price or hardware
specification isn’t enough
• cloud providers throttle their VM’s differently
• don’t trust specifications on ‘paper’
5. Azure vs AWS
AZURE AWS
INSTANCE TYPE PRICE NETWORK INSTANCE TYPE PRICE NETWORK
A0 $0,018 5 Mbps t2.micro $0,014 Low to Moderate
A1 $0,051 100 Mbps t2.medium $0,056 Low to Moderate
D1 $0,084 unknown m4.large $0,139 Moderate
D2 $0,168 unknown m4.xlarge $0,278 High
A8 $1,97 40Gbit/s InfiniBand m4.10xlarge $2,78 10 Gbit
6. Native Network Test Setup
• qperf: short running test
• iperf3: longer running test using parallel connections
14. Docker Networking
• Connect containers over the host interface (use
ambassadors!)
• Use a SDN to connect your Docker cluster nodes
• weave
• flannel
• Project Calico
15. Before Docker 1.7
• Approach depended on the SDN
• replace the docker bridge
• proxy in front on docker daemon
16. Docker libnetwork
• Announced along with Docker 1.7 as an experimental
feature
• Networking Plugins: batteries included but swappable
• Included batteries are based on Socketplane
• Other plugins announced by: Weave, Project Calico,
Cisco, VMware and others
17. Choose your SDN wisely
• Functional features like encryption & DNS
• Support for libnetwork, kubernetes etc etc
• Implementations can be fundamentally different
• overlay networks like Flannel & Weave
• different overlay backend implementations (for example
UDP)
• L2/L3 based networks like Project Calico
18. Flannel
• Created by CoreOS
• Easy to setup
• Different backends
• UDP
• VXLAN
• AWS VPC (uses VPC routing table)
• GCE (uses Network routing table)
19. Weave
• Used Weave 1.0.3, 1.1 released this week
• DNS
• Proxy based approach
• Different backends
• pcap (default)
• VXLAN (fast-datapath-preview)
20. Project Calico
• Uses vRouters connected over BGP routes
• No additional overlay when running on a L2 or L3
network (think datacentre!)
• Won’t run on public clouds like AWS without a IPIP
tunnel
• Extensive and simple network policies (tenant isolation!)
• Very promising integration with Kubernetes
21. Docker Network Test Setup
• exactly the same as the “native” test but this time: use
the IP-address or DNS name of the container!
28. Native vs SDN performance
& cpu load client + server
INSTANCE TYPE FLANNEL UDP FLANNEL VXLAN WEAVE PCAP CALICO
IPERF C S IPERF C S IPERF C S IPERF C S
T2.MICRO -16% 62,7% 29% -2% 11,7% 23,2% -14% 59,7% 89,5% -14% 26% 57%
T2.MEDIUM -1% 28,7% 20,2% -1% 20,6% 18,7% -3% 52,6% 33,1% -3% 17% 37%
M4.LARGE -1% 15,4% 12,7% -1% 10% 10% -1% 34,1% 24,8% -1% 21% 21%
M4.XLARGE -0% 9,4% 7,9% -1% 6,6% 7,3% -1% 22,9% 18,9% -1% 12% 10%
M4.10XLARGE -55% 2,8% 5,0% -20% 2,7% 3,4% -79% 14,8% 13,5% -32% 3% 4%
29. cpu load compared to native
test results
INSTANCE TYPE FLANNEL UDP FLANNEL VXLAN WEAVE PCAP CALICO
C S C S C S C S
T2.MEDIUM 95% 57% 40% 45% 258% 157% 15% 184%
M4.LARGE 108% 46% 35% 15% 361% 185% 177% 140%
M4.XLARGE 92% 44% 35% 33% 367% 244% 141% 82%
30. Conclusion
• Happy with choice for Flannel VXLAN
• Interested in Project Calico in combination with
Kubernetes
31. Conclusion
• synthetic tests are a great starting point
• don’t forget to validate the results with “real life” load
tests on your application(s)