Computer assisted medical decision making, it's structure , development of computer program and modelling the diagnostic and treatment problem.

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Computer Assisted
Medical Decision
Making

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Introduction
1.Computer assisted medical decision making (CAMD) refers to the use of
computer systems and algorithms to help health care professionals to make
informed decision about patient care.
2. It involves the integration of software, data and medical knowledge to
support clinical decision making processes.
3. CAMD systems can analyze patient data such as medical history, symptoms,
laboratory results and imaging studies to provide recommendations to
healthcare professionals.
4. These systems can assist with diagnosis treatment selection, medication
dosing, and monitoring patient progress.
5.CAMD can improve the accuracy and efficiency of medical decision making
processes and reduce medical errors and enhance patients outcomes.

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Structure of computer assisted
medical decision making.

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Structure of computer assisted
medical decision making system
cont…
 1. The basic structure of the CMD system is given in figure.
 2. In this system the input to a CMD system is a description of a special
case(e.g, the size and location of a lung tumor) and the output is the
useful information about that case(e.g, tumor stage, patients
prognosis).
 3.CMD system composed of two components:- a knowledge base and
an inference mechanism.
 4. The knowledge base is a collection of encoded knowledge that is
needed to solve problems in some specific medical area.
 5. The inference mechanism is a program, that gives a case
description, uses the information in the knowledge base to reach
conclusions about that case.

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Development of computer Program

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Development of computer program
Cont…
The computer programs need to provide diagnostic and
therapeutic strategies as depicted in Figure 6.15
1. Information Structure: it contains the information processed
and obtained from different sources of the program. It can convert
the program for use in a new problem area by reforming the
information structure. It is application based Structure changing
from one program to another. It consists of information about
patient history along with probabilities and utilities.The probabilities
relate with diseases and their symptoms.

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Development of computer program
Cont…
 2. Inference function:The inference part of the
programencompassesthe reasoning ppprocess
undermining the aptitude skills of the physician.It employs
the probabilistic approach based on Bayes theorem for
obtaining the probability distribution providing the
likelihood of each disease under the available evidence to
date and medical experience.
 3. Test or treatment selection funcrion:- the purpose of treatment
selection is to select appropriate test or treatment procedure to
be followedat each stagein the problem solving process on the
patient.

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Modelling the diagnostic and
treatment problem
 1. The CMD system could be employed as a deductive reasoningtool
which is built into the hospital healthcare system that can augment or
replace the activities or requirements of the physician in patient care.
 2.It can assist the physician in meaningful dialogue taking note of
patient history, clinical findings, laboratory tests reports and alerting the
physician during diagnoses , and suggesting remedial procefures to be
followed in patient care.
 3. It reduces routine jobs to be carried out by the physician on daily
basisand allow him to concentrate on the application of bedside skills ,
the management of disease, and the application of clinical knowledge
and acumen for making good judgement in providing clinical care.

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Modelling the diagnostic and treatment
problem cont...
 4. The CMD system also allows non physician personell toassist
the physician in patient care and management.
 5. These healthcare specialistssuppported by computerised
know how and aided by a variety of automated devices like
collectingpatient history, blood and laboratory test reports could
be trained to perform physical examination usually undertaken
by the physician, to assist him by taking over the chunk of
responsibility for the delivery of primary medical care to patients
visiting these centres.