Distance Vector
Link State
It Sends the entire routing table
It Sends only link state information
Distance Vector is slow convergence
Link State is fast convergence
Distance Vector susceptible to routing loops
Link State less susceptible to routing loops
The updates are sometimes sent using broadcast
Link State always uses multicast for the routing updates
It doesn’t know the network topology
It knows the entire network topology
It is Simpler to configure
It can be harder to configure
Ex : RIP, IGRP
Ex : OSPF, IS-IS
Distance Vector
Link State
It Sends the entire routing table
It Sends only link state information
Distance Vector is slow convergence
Link State is fast convergence
Distance Vector susceptible to routing loops
Link State less susceptible to routing loops
The updates are sometimes sent using broadcast
Link State always uses multicast for the routing updates
It doesn’t know the network topology
It knows the entire network topology
It is Simpler to configure
It can be harder to configure
Ex : RIP, IGRP
Ex : OSPF, IS-IS
Solution
Distance Vector
Link State
It Sends the entire routing table
It Sends only link state information
Distance Vector is slow convergence
Link State is fast convergence
Distance Vector susceptible to routing loops
Link State less susceptible to routing loops
The updates are sometimes sent using broadcast
Link State always uses multicast for the routing updates
It doesn’t know the network topology
It knows the entire network topology
It is Simpler to configure
It can be harder to configure
Ex : RIP, IGRP
Ex : OSPF, IS-IS
Distance Vector
Link State
It Sends the entire routing table
It Sends only link state information
Distance Vector is slow convergence
Link State is fast convergence
Distance Vector susceptible to routing loops
Link State less susceptible to routing loops
The updates are sometimes sent using broadcast
Link State always uses multicast for the routing updates
It doesn’t know the network topology
It knows the entire network topology
It is Simpler to configure
It can be harder to configure
Ex : RIP, IGRP
Ex : OSPF, IS-IS.
This document describes the features of the operation of the OSPF routing protocol in general. In some subjects, theoretical information that was explained by establishing lab environments was reinforced by applications.
The purpose of this document is not to analyze OSPF from start to finish, but to create a simple quick learning booklet. For this reason, some topics are described only superficially, while some topics details are covered. Also, some concepts such as Sham Link or FRR are not included in the document.
Fisheye State Routing (FSR) - Protocol OverviewYoav Francis
Overview of the Fisheye State Routing (FSR) for cellular networks, IDC 2012
By Yoav Francis and Nir Solomon
(Part of a performance comparison of various routing algorithms in cellular networks)
This document describes the features of the operation of the OSPF routing protocol in general. In some subjects, theoretical information that was explained by establishing lab environments was reinforced by applications.
The purpose of this document is not to analyze OSPF from start to finish, but to create a simple quick learning booklet. For this reason, some topics are described only superficially, while some topics details are covered. Also, some concepts such as Sham Link or FRR are not included in the document.
Fisheye State Routing (FSR) - Protocol OverviewYoav Francis
Overview of the Fisheye State Routing (FSR) for cellular networks, IDC 2012
By Yoav Francis and Nir Solomon
(Part of a performance comparison of various routing algorithms in cellular networks)
OSPF Open Shortest Path First protocol full detailsVignesh kumar
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a link-state routing protocol that was developed for IP networks and is based on the Shortest Path First (SPF) algorithm. OSPF is an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP).
The Effects of Speed on the Performance of Routing Protocols in Mobile Ad-hoc...Narendra Singh Yadav
Mobile ad hoc network is a collection of mobile nodes communicating through wireless channels without any existing network infrastructure or centralized administration. Because of the limited transmission range of wireless network interfaces, multiple "hops" may be needed to exchange data across the network. Consequently, many routing algorithms have come into existence to satisfy the needs of communications in such networks. Researchers have conducted many simulations comparing the performance of these routing protocols under various conditions and constraints. One question that arises is whether speed of nodes affects the relative performance of routing protocols being studied. This paper addresses the question by simulating two routing protocols AODV and DSDV. Protocols were simulated using the ns-2 and were compared in terms of packet delivery fraction, normalized routing load and average delay, while varying number of nodes, and speed.
X has +2 charge It has low first and second ioniz.pdfanugrahafancy
X has +2 charge It has low first and second ionization energies. Hence it can give 2
electrons easily. Hence it will have +2 charge Y has larger ionization energy than X Hence atom
of Y is smaller than that of X(Same group)
Solution
X has +2 charge It has low first and second ionization energies. Hence it can give 2
electrons easily. Hence it will have +2 charge Y has larger ionization energy than X Hence atom
of Y is smaller than that of X(Same group).
Valence Bond Theory According to valence band the.pdfanugrahafancy
Valence Bond Theory According to valence band theory a covalent bond is formed
between the two atoms by the overlap of half filled valence atomic orbitals of each atom
containing one unpaired electron. Valence bond theory considers that the overlapping atomic
orbitals of the participating atoms form a chemical bond. Because of the overlapping, it is most
probable that electrons should be in the bond region. Valence bond theory views bonds as
weakly coupled orbitals (small overlap). Valence bond theory is typically easier to employ in
ground state molecules. Hybridization It is the concept of mixing atomic orbitals to form new
hybrid orbitals suitable for the qualitative description of atomic bonding properties. Hybridised
orbitals are very useful in the explanation of the shape of molecular orbitals for molecules. It is
an integral part of valence bond theory. Molecular orbital theory molecular orbital (MO) theory
is a method for determining molecular structure in which electrons are not assigned to individual
bonds between atoms, but are treated as moving under the influence of the nuclei in the whole
molecule. In this theory, each molecule has a set of molecular orbitals, in which it is assumed
that the molecular orbital wave function ?f may be written as a simple weighted sum of the n
constituent atomic orbitals ?i Metallic Bonding Metallic bonding is the electrostatic attractive
forces between the delocalized electrons, called conduction electrons, gathered in an \"electron
sea\", and the positively charged metal ions.
Solution
Valence Bond Theory According to valence band theory a covalent bond is formed
between the two atoms by the overlap of half filled valence atomic orbitals of each atom
containing one unpaired electron. Valence bond theory considers that the overlapping atomic
orbitals of the participating atoms form a chemical bond. Because of the overlapping, it is most
probable that electrons should be in the bond region. Valence bond theory views bonds as
weakly coupled orbitals (small overlap). Valence bond theory is typically easier to employ in
ground state molecules. Hybridization It is the concept of mixing atomic orbitals to form new
hybrid orbitals suitable for the qualitative description of atomic bonding properties. Hybridised
orbitals are very useful in the explanation of the shape of molecular orbitals for molecules. It is
an integral part of valence bond theory. Molecular orbital theory molecular orbital (MO) theory
is a method for determining molecular structure in which electrons are not assigned to individual
bonds between atoms, but are treated as moving under the influence of the nuclei in the whole
molecule. In this theory, each molecule has a set of molecular orbitals, in which it is assumed
that the molecular orbital wave function ?f may be written as a simple weighted sum of the n
constituent atomic orbitals ?i Metallic Bonding Metallic bonding is the electrostatic attractive
forces between the delocalized e.
More Related Content
Similar to Distance VectorLink StateIt Sends the entire routing tableIt S.pdf
OSPF Open Shortest Path First protocol full detailsVignesh kumar
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a link-state routing protocol that was developed for IP networks and is based on the Shortest Path First (SPF) algorithm. OSPF is an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP).
The Effects of Speed on the Performance of Routing Protocols in Mobile Ad-hoc...Narendra Singh Yadav
Mobile ad hoc network is a collection of mobile nodes communicating through wireless channels without any existing network infrastructure or centralized administration. Because of the limited transmission range of wireless network interfaces, multiple "hops" may be needed to exchange data across the network. Consequently, many routing algorithms have come into existence to satisfy the needs of communications in such networks. Researchers have conducted many simulations comparing the performance of these routing protocols under various conditions and constraints. One question that arises is whether speed of nodes affects the relative performance of routing protocols being studied. This paper addresses the question by simulating two routing protocols AODV and DSDV. Protocols were simulated using the ns-2 and were compared in terms of packet delivery fraction, normalized routing load and average delay, while varying number of nodes, and speed.
Similar to Distance VectorLink StateIt Sends the entire routing tableIt S.pdf (20)
X has +2 charge It has low first and second ioniz.pdfanugrahafancy
X has +2 charge It has low first and second ionization energies. Hence it can give 2
electrons easily. Hence it will have +2 charge Y has larger ionization energy than X Hence atom
of Y is smaller than that of X(Same group)
Solution
X has +2 charge It has low first and second ionization energies. Hence it can give 2
electrons easily. Hence it will have +2 charge Y has larger ionization energy than X Hence atom
of Y is smaller than that of X(Same group).
Valence Bond Theory According to valence band the.pdfanugrahafancy
Valence Bond Theory According to valence band theory a covalent bond is formed
between the two atoms by the overlap of half filled valence atomic orbitals of each atom
containing one unpaired electron. Valence bond theory considers that the overlapping atomic
orbitals of the participating atoms form a chemical bond. Because of the overlapping, it is most
probable that electrons should be in the bond region. Valence bond theory views bonds as
weakly coupled orbitals (small overlap). Valence bond theory is typically easier to employ in
ground state molecules. Hybridization It is the concept of mixing atomic orbitals to form new
hybrid orbitals suitable for the qualitative description of atomic bonding properties. Hybridised
orbitals are very useful in the explanation of the shape of molecular orbitals for molecules. It is
an integral part of valence bond theory. Molecular orbital theory molecular orbital (MO) theory
is a method for determining molecular structure in which electrons are not assigned to individual
bonds between atoms, but are treated as moving under the influence of the nuclei in the whole
molecule. In this theory, each molecule has a set of molecular orbitals, in which it is assumed
that the molecular orbital wave function ?f may be written as a simple weighted sum of the n
constituent atomic orbitals ?i Metallic Bonding Metallic bonding is the electrostatic attractive
forces between the delocalized electrons, called conduction electrons, gathered in an \"electron
sea\", and the positively charged metal ions.
Solution
Valence Bond Theory According to valence band theory a covalent bond is formed
between the two atoms by the overlap of half filled valence atomic orbitals of each atom
containing one unpaired electron. Valence bond theory considers that the overlapping atomic
orbitals of the participating atoms form a chemical bond. Because of the overlapping, it is most
probable that electrons should be in the bond region. Valence bond theory views bonds as
weakly coupled orbitals (small overlap). Valence bond theory is typically easier to employ in
ground state molecules. Hybridization It is the concept of mixing atomic orbitals to form new
hybrid orbitals suitable for the qualitative description of atomic bonding properties. Hybridised
orbitals are very useful in the explanation of the shape of molecular orbitals for molecules. It is
an integral part of valence bond theory. Molecular orbital theory molecular orbital (MO) theory
is a method for determining molecular structure in which electrons are not assigned to individual
bonds between atoms, but are treated as moving under the influence of the nuclei in the whole
molecule. In this theory, each molecule has a set of molecular orbitals, in which it is assumed
that the molecular orbital wave function ?f may be written as a simple weighted sum of the n
constituent atomic orbitals ?i Metallic Bonding Metallic bonding is the electrostatic attractive
forces between the delocalized e.
total volume =25+25=50 ml total millimoles of KI=.pdfanugrahafancy
total volume =25+25=50 ml total millimoles of KI=25*0.2=5
conce=millimoles/volume in ml =5/50=0.1 similarly for other compound 25*0.2/50=0.1
Solution
total volume =25+25=50 ml total millimoles of KI=25*0.2=5
conce=millimoles/volume in ml =5/50=0.1 similarly for other compound 25*0.2/50=0.1.
This type of deformation is irreversible. However.pdfanugrahafancy
This type of deformation is irreversible. However, an object in the plastic
deformation range will first have undergone elastic deformation, which is reversible, so the
object will return part way to its original shape
Solution
This type of deformation is irreversible. However, an object in the plastic
deformation range will first have undergone elastic deformation, which is reversible, so the
object will return part way to its original shape.
Some elements receive their respective symbol bas.pdfanugrahafancy
Some elements receive their respective symbol based on their latin equivalence...
Ex: iron(Fe) = ferrous, lead(Pb) = plumbum, mercury(Hg) = hydrargyrum While others are
receive their symbol for where they are discovered or to the discoverer\'s home country... Ex:
Germanium (Germany), Californium (University of California) While others are named after
their founders... Ex: Einsteinium (Albert Einstein), Mendelevium (Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev)
When these elements are combined into compounds, there are a couple of tricks to help with
remembering them... Ex: 1. -ous compounds will generally have a lower charge than -ic
compounds 2. Hydro- compounds will have an addition of an H+ proton making the compound
an acid
Solution
Some elements receive their respective symbol based on their latin equivalence...
Ex: iron(Fe) = ferrous, lead(Pb) = plumbum, mercury(Hg) = hydrargyrum While others are
receive their symbol for where they are discovered or to the discoverer\'s home country... Ex:
Germanium (Germany), Californium (University of California) While others are named after
their founders... Ex: Einsteinium (Albert Einstein), Mendelevium (Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev)
When these elements are combined into compounds, there are a couple of tricks to help with
remembering them... Ex: 1. -ous compounds will generally have a lower charge than -ic
compounds 2. Hydro- compounds will have an addition of an H+ proton making the compound
an acid.
phosphonium ylide is produced when phosphonium ha.pdfanugrahafancy
phosphonium ylide is produced when phosphonium halide salt reacts with a strong
base such as nBuLi.
Solution
phosphonium ylide is produced when phosphonium halide salt reacts with a strong
base such as nBuLi..
In chemistry, an amphoteric species is a molecule.pdfanugrahafancy
In chemistry, an amphoteric species is a molecule or ion that can react as an acid as
well as a base. Zinc oxide (ZnO) reacts with both acids and with bases: In acid: ZnO + 2H+ ?
Zn2+ + H2O In base: ZnO + H2O + 2OH- ? [Zn(OH)4]2-
Solution
In chemistry, an amphoteric species is a molecule or ion that can react as an acid as
well as a base. Zinc oxide (ZnO) reacts with both acids and with bases: In acid: ZnO + 2H+ ?
Zn2+ + H2O In base: ZnO + H2O + 2OH- ? [Zn(OH)4]2-.
Chemistry is the science of matter, especially it.pdfanugrahafancy
Chemistry is the science of matter, especially its chemical reactions, but also its
composition, structure and properties.[1][2] Chemistry is concerned with atoms and their
interactions with other atoms, and particularly with the properties of chemical bonds.
Solution
Chemistry is the science of matter, especially its chemical reactions, but also its
composition, structure and properties.[1][2] Chemistry is concerned with atoms and their
interactions with other atoms, and particularly with the properties of chemical bonds..
Before this confederates began their general advance, General Lee pl.pdfanugrahafancy
Before this confederates began their general advance, General Lee planned to weaken any union
opposition with
(c) an artillery barrage
Solution
Before this confederates began their general advance, General Lee planned to weaken any union
opposition with
(c) an artillery barrage.
An understanding of periodic trends is important .pdfanugrahafancy
An understanding of periodic trends is important because the trends:- 4. relate to
properties of elements and how they may react.
Solution
An understanding of periodic trends is important because the trends:- 4. relate to
properties of elements and how they may react..
Acid contains hydrogen ions. Thus, iodate will re.pdfanugrahafancy
Acid contains hydrogen ions. Thus, iodate will react with hydrogen ion to form
iodine and water. 2IO3- + 12H+ + 10e- -> I2 + 6H2O Iodine and water will be further reduced
to form iodide ions. Thus, this will affect the titration process, thus it should be titrated
immediately. IO3- + 3H2O + 6e- -> I- + 6OH- Hope this helps!
Solution
Acid contains hydrogen ions. Thus, iodate will react with hydrogen ion to form
iodine and water. 2IO3- + 12H+ + 10e- -> I2 + 6H2O Iodine and water will be further reduced
to form iodide ions. Thus, this will affect the titration process, thus it should be titrated
immediately. IO3- + 3H2O + 6e- -> I- + 6OH- Hope this helps!.
There is a difference between to connect to a network and to communi.pdfanugrahafancy
There is a difference between to connect to a network and to communicate over a network.
Connecting to a network requires that special hardware be installed in your computer. This
hardware is called connection devices. There are two common types of connection devices: 1-
Modem – short for modulator / demodulator - which connects computers using a standard
telephone line 2- Network interface card (NIC) – which connects computers using a special type
of network cabling Note that, NICs are not synonymous with Ethernet cards. An Ethernet card is
a particular type of NIC, and is the most popular in personal computers (PCs). Most of the time,
these devices are internal hardware, although they are available as an external peripherals. 6 In
order to communicate with another computer over a network, you must do two things: 1. Use the
set of rules governing communication over the network, called a protocol. Your computer will
generally handle this. 2. Know the address of the computer you want to communicate with.
There are two types of network addresses: a. Medium access control (MAC) address which is
used inside a single network b. Internet protocol (IP) address which is used on the Internet World
Wide Web The World Wide Web (web for short or www) is a collection of interlinked
multimedia documents that are stored on the Internet and accessed using a common protocol
(HTTP). Form this definition we can say that the web is part of the system that is primarily
include software components (text files, graphics files, sound files, video files…). So, what is the
relation between the internet and the World Wide Web? World Wide Web (WWW) is an Internet
based software application. Other Internet applications are: Email ftp (file transfer protocol)
Messenger 7 More than 90 percent of the internet applications are World Wide Web so it is valid
to use Internet and World Wide Web terms interchangeably. World Wide Web is tied up to
several terms such as web server, web browser and HTML or Hypertext Markup Language. In
the following paragraph those terms are briefly explained.
Solution
There is a difference between to connect to a network and to communicate over a network.
Connecting to a network requires that special hardware be installed in your computer. This
hardware is called connection devices. There are two common types of connection devices: 1-
Modem – short for modulator / demodulator - which connects computers using a standard
telephone line 2- Network interface card (NIC) – which connects computers using a special type
of network cabling Note that, NICs are not synonymous with Ethernet cards. An Ethernet card is
a particular type of NIC, and is the most popular in personal computers (PCs). Most of the time,
these devices are internal hardware, although they are available as an external peripherals. 6 In
order to communicate with another computer over a network, you must do two things: 1. Use the
set of rules governing communication over the network, calle.
The picture is not uploaded properly it is corrupted. please upload .pdfanugrahafancy
The picture is not uploaded properly it is corrupted. please upload it properly for the answer
Thank you.
Solution
The picture is not uploaded properly it is corrupted. please upload it properly for the answer
Thank you..
Date Account title Debit credit jan 30 cash 45000 common sto.pdfanugrahafancy
Date Account title Debit credit jan 30 cash 45000 common stock 45000 [being common
stock issued] feb1 Prepaid rent 24000 cash 24000 [being rent paid in advance for
2years] Apr 10 supplies 3200 Accounts payable 3200 [being supplies purchased on
account] july 1 cash 24000 Unearned service revenue 24000 [being fees received in
advance] july 20 Accounts payable 1500 cash 1500 [Being accounts payable paid]
Aug 15 Accounts receivable 18000 Service revenue 18000 [being services provided]
sep 15 cash 8400 service revenue 8400 [being services provided] oct 1 Salaries 12000
cash 12000 [salary paid ] oct cash 15000 Accounts receivable 15000 [being
receivables due collected] nov 16 Accounts receivable 42000 service revenue 42000
[being services provided] dec 1 Dividend paid 15000 cash 15000 [being dividend
paid] dec 31 Unearned service revenue 12000 service revenue 12000 [being services
provided during the year recorded] 24000 *6/12 [july - dec = 6 months ] dec 31 Salary
expense 3600 salary payable 3600 [being salary due but not paid ] dec 31 Rent
expense 11000 prepaid rent 11000 [being rent for the year recorded (24000/2 = 12000per
year or 12000*11/12 = 11000 ] [1 feb - 31 dec = 11 months] dec 31 supplies expense
2920 supplies 2920 [being supplies used recorded (3200 -280 ]
Solution
Date Account title Debit credit jan 30 cash 45000 common stock 45000 [being common
stock issued] feb1 Prepaid rent 24000 cash 24000 [being rent paid in advance for
2years] Apr 10 supplies 3200 Accounts payable 3200 [being supplies purchased on
account] july 1 cash 24000 Unearned service revenue 24000 [being fees received in
advance] july 20 Accounts payable 1500 cash 1500 [Being accounts payable paid]
Aug 15 Accounts receivable 18000 Service revenue 18000 [being services provided]
sep 15 cash 8400 service revenue 8400 [being services provided] oct 1 Salaries 12000
cash 12000 [salary paid ] oct cash 15000 Accounts receivable 15000 [being
receivables due collected] nov 16 Accounts receivable 42000 service revenue 42000
[being services provided] dec 1 Dividend paid 15000 cash 15000 [being dividend
paid] dec 31 Unearned service revenue 12000 service revenue 12000 [being services
provided during the year recorded] 24000 *6/12 [july - dec = 6 months ] dec 31 Salary
expense 3600 salary payable 3600 [being salary due but not paid ] dec 31 Rent
expense 11000 prepaid rent 11000 [being rent for the year recorded (24000/2 = 12000per
year or 12000*11/12 = 11000 ] [1 feb - 31 dec = 11 months] dec 31 supplies expense
2920 supplies 2920 [being supplies used recorded (3200 -280 ].
Initial Value=2.5Drift rate per annum=0.4Variance rate per annum.pdfanugrahafancy
Initial Value=2.5
Drift rate per annum=0.4
Variance rate per annum=0.5
Standard deviation=(0.5^0.5)= 0.707107
At the end of second year:
Mean=2.5+(2*0.4)=3.3
Standard deviation=0.707107*(2^0.5)=1
Double of initial value=2*2.5=5
Z value=(5-mean)/Standard deviation=(5-3.3)/1=1.7
Cumulative area Under the Standard Normal Distribution Table
For z value=1.7
Cumulative area=N(d)=0.9554
The probability that cash position will be more than double(greater than 5):
(1-0.9554)=0.0446
The probability that cash position will be more than double(greater than 5)=4.46%
Cash position negative:
Mean=2.5+(2*0.4)=3.3
Standard deviation=0.707107*(2^0.5)=1
Cash position zero=0
Z value=(0-mean)/Standard deviation=(0-3.3)/1=-3.3
Cumulative area Under the Standard Normal Distribution Table
For z value=-3.3
Cumulative area=N(d)=0.0013 {Cumulative area N(d) given in table for -3, below -3 is not
mentioned in the table. The z value is rounded to -3}
The probability that cash position will be negative:
=0.0013
The probability that cash position negative=0.13%
The probability that cash position will be more than double=4.46%
The probability that cash position will be negative=0.13%
Solution
Initial Value=2.5
Drift rate per annum=0.4
Variance rate per annum=0.5
Standard deviation=(0.5^0.5)= 0.707107
At the end of second year:
Mean=2.5+(2*0.4)=3.3
Standard deviation=0.707107*(2^0.5)=1
Double of initial value=2*2.5=5
Z value=(5-mean)/Standard deviation=(5-3.3)/1=1.7
Cumulative area Under the Standard Normal Distribution Table
For z value=1.7
Cumulative area=N(d)=0.9554
The probability that cash position will be more than double(greater than 5):
(1-0.9554)=0.0446
The probability that cash position will be more than double(greater than 5)=4.46%
Cash position negative:
Mean=2.5+(2*0.4)=3.3
Standard deviation=0.707107*(2^0.5)=1
Cash position zero=0
Z value=(0-mean)/Standard deviation=(0-3.3)/1=-3.3
Cumulative area Under the Standard Normal Distribution Table
For z value=-3.3
Cumulative area=N(d)=0.0013 {Cumulative area N(d) given in table for -3, below -3 is not
mentioned in the table. The z value is rounded to -3}
The probability that cash position will be negative:
=0.0013
The probability that cash position negative=0.13%
The probability that cash position will be more than double=4.46%
The probability that cash position will be negative=0.13%.
IntroductionDarwin argused that living organisms evolved from one .pdfanugrahafancy
Introduction
Darwin argused that living organisms evolved from one or a few simple forms of live through
the process of natural selection. The essence of this comprise a population differ in the numper
of viable offspring the produce during their lifetimes.
Give that sexual reproduction is the means by which genes are propagated into future
generations, sexual selection plays a large role in human evolution. Human sexuality then is of
interest to evolutionary psychologists who aim to investigate evolved mechanisms to attract and
secure mates.
When an environment stress is constant and lasts for many generation , successful adaptation
may develop through biological evolution. The human body raedily responds to changing
environment stresses in a variety and cultural ways. We can acclimatize to a wide range of
temperature and humidity. When traveling to hige altitudes, our bodies adjust so, that our cells
still receive sufficient oxygen. We also are constantly responding in physiological ways to
internal and external stresses such as, bactrial and viral infections aie, water pollution, dietary
imbalance, and overcrowding.
Humans normally respond to environmentalstresses in four ways;
1. genetic change
2. developmental adjustment
3. acclimatization
4. cutural practices and technology
Human sexuality refers to people sexual interst in and attraction to others it is the capacity to
have erotic or sexual feling and experiences.
Human sexuality can be understood as part of the social life of humans, governed by social
norms,m implied rules of behavior, and the status quo. Socity views on sexuality have changed
throughout history and are continuously evolved.
Each society has different norma about premarital sex, the age of sexual consent, homosexuality,
mastrubation, and other sextual behaviours. Individuals are socialized to these from an early age
by their family, education system, peers, media, and religion.
With the advent of patriarchal societies, gender roles around sexality became much more
stringent, and sexual norma began focusing on sexual possessiveness and the control of female
sexuality.
The United States is relatively restrictive compared to other industrialized nation when it comes
to its citizens general attitudes about sex when.
The messages that children are taught about sex play an important role in how they will grow
into their sexual selves and express their sexual motivations. How, what, when, and by whom
children should be taught about sex is a matter oa great debate in sex education.
Solution
Introduction
Darwin argused that living organisms evolved from one or a few simple forms of live through
the process of natural selection. The essence of this comprise a population differ in the numper
of viable offspring the produce during their lifetimes.
Give that sexual reproduction is the means by which genes are propagated into future
generations, sexual selection plays a large role in human evolution. Human sexuality then is of
int.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Distance VectorLink StateIt Sends the entire routing tableIt S.pdf
1. Distance Vector
Link State
It Sends the entire routing table
It Sends only link state information
Distance Vector is slow convergence
Link State is fast convergence
Distance Vector susceptible to routing loops
Link State less susceptible to routing loops
The updates are sometimes sent using broadcast
Link State always uses multicast for the routing updates
It doesn’t know the network topology
It knows the entire network topology
It is Simpler to configure
It can be harder to configure
Ex : RIP, IGRP
Ex : OSPF, IS-IS
Distance Vector
Link State
It Sends the entire routing table
It Sends only link state information
Distance Vector is slow convergence
Link State is fast convergence
Distance Vector susceptible to routing loops
Link State less susceptible to routing loops
The updates are sometimes sent using broadcast
Link State always uses multicast for the routing updates
It doesn’t know the network topology
It knows the entire network topology
It is Simpler to configure
It can be harder to configure
Ex : RIP, IGRP
Ex : OSPF, IS-IS
Solution
2. Distance Vector
Link State
It Sends the entire routing table
It Sends only link state information
Distance Vector is slow convergence
Link State is fast convergence
Distance Vector susceptible to routing loops
Link State less susceptible to routing loops
The updates are sometimes sent using broadcast
Link State always uses multicast for the routing updates
It doesn’t know the network topology
It knows the entire network topology
It is Simpler to configure
It can be harder to configure
Ex : RIP, IGRP
Ex : OSPF, IS-IS
Distance Vector
Link State
It Sends the entire routing table
It Sends only link state information
Distance Vector is slow convergence
Link State is fast convergence
Distance Vector susceptible to routing loops
Link State less susceptible to routing loops
The updates are sometimes sent using broadcast
Link State always uses multicast for the routing updates
It doesn’t know the network topology
It knows the entire network topology
It is Simpler to configure
It can be harder to configure
Ex : RIP, IGRP
Ex : OSPF, IS-IS
