The document discusses the purpose and use of a table of specifications (TOS) for constructing classroom tests. A TOS helps teachers identify the achievement domains being measured to ensure a fair and representative sample of test questions. It can improve test validity by framing the decision-making process for test construction. There are three common formats for a TOS - one-way maps content and test details, two-way reflects additional details like time spent, and a hybrid reflects features of one-way and two-way while challenging writers to classify objectives based on assessment theory.