The document is a dissertation submitted by Rahul Deshwal for a P.G. degree in Transportation Engineering & Planning at Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Surat, India. The dissertation focuses on disaggregate traffic forecasting and diversion analysis for the inter-regional Mumbai-Ahmedabad traffic corridor using an econometric approach. It includes chapters on the introduction, need for study, literature review, objectives and methodology, study area details, data collection and analysis, employment forecasting, traffic prediction for NH-48, diversion analysis, results and discussion, and references.
Determining trip generation of commercial land use of kaptaiKazi Mahfuzur Rahman
Abstract
Trip generation is the first step in the conventional transportation forecasting process. Trip generation rates can
influence the magnitude of the roadway improvements that are constructed like the amount of land that is
required to be dedicated for road’s right-of-way, and calculation of long term maintenance costs of the roadway
network. Therefore, an accurate estimate of vehicle trip generation is required to construct the necessary roadway
infrastructure without overbuilding it. Mohora to Kaptai road is an important and a busy road in Chittagong
because some important commercial buildings, power plants, industries and institutions are situated along this
road. The goal of this paper is to determine trip generation of adjacent commercial land uses of Kaptai Road. To
fulfill the goal, our objectives are to identify the number of trips generation by the adjacent commercial land uses
and to relate trip generation with respect to land use and socio-economic characteristics of Kaptai road. This
study utilizes Geographic Information System (GIS), Questionnaire Survey, Personal Interview and Multiple
Linear Regression Analysis for the trip generation analysis and calculation. Trip generation surveys have
completed at a total of 10 commercial sites, covering five different shopping centers and five different banks at
different important intersection point. The findings have clarified the existing land uses, trip generation situation
with multiple linear regression model and trip rates of commercial land uses.
Andhra Pradesh Priorities: Ease of Doing Business - Pahle India FoundationCopenhagen_Consensus
The document discusses land records management in Andhra Pradesh. It analyzes two interventions: conducting survey activities and digitizing land records to improve the system. The methodology examines secondary research, interviews, and cost-benefit analysis of the interventions. The total estimated cost is INR 481 crores, while the total estimated benefit is INR 10938 crores, resulting in a benefit-cost ratio of 23 at a 5% discount rate, indicating the interventions would significantly benefit the state.
Kerala has a high literacy rate and sex ratio. The state receives large foreign remittances and has a strong services sector focused on tourism and IT/ITeS. However, the document also notes opportunities for improving agriculture, industry, infrastructure, and healthcare. The state aims to increase tourism arrivals and the share of manufacturing in the economy by 2030 under its Kerala Vision 2030 plan.
West Bengal has a large and growing economy, with a GSDP of US$ 132.86 billion in 2014-15. The document outlines West Bengal's vision for 2022, which includes goals for agriculture, infrastructure, economic development, education and other sectors. It also highlights the state's cultural heritage and competitive advantages such as connectivity, labor pool and lower costs of business. West Bengal is a major producer of rice, potato, jute and other crops, and has significant mineral resources.
This document provides a summary of a report on migrant workers in the South East region of England. It conducted research through surveys of over 700 migrant workers, focus groups, and interviews with employers and third party organizations to assess the impacts of migration on the regional economy and labor market. Key findings include that migrant workers are concentrated in certain industries and occupations, particularly construction, food processing, and agriculture. The report also examines the skills migrant workers bring, their use of public services, and issues of integration. It aims to improve the evidence base around migration impacts to help regional partners and local areas address related challenges and opportunities to strengthen the adaptive capacity of the regional economy and society.
Kerala has a highly literate population and strong tourism sector. The document provides an overview of Kerala's economy and development vision. It summarizes that Kerala has the highest literacy rate in India, a robust tourism industry driven by its natural beauty and cultural diversity, and receives the largest amount of foreign remittances of any Indian state. The state aims to increase manufacturing contribution to the economy and establish itself as a global education hub by 2030.
The document provides information on Chhattisgarh's economy and business opportunities. Some key points:
1) Chhattisgarh has significant mineral resources such as coal, iron ore, tin, and dolomite, making it a major producer. It is also developing sectors like agriculture, tourism, and herbal medicines.
2) The state aims to improve infrastructure like roads, railways and power to support business. Its vision is to promote industries, skills, education and a clean environment.
3) Chhattisgarh has seen strong economic growth in recent years. Its GSDP was $36.6 billion in 2015-16 and is projected to reach $47.75 billion
Chhattisgarh has significant mineral resources and is a major producer of coal, iron ore, and dolomite in India. It is the sole producer of tin concentrate and has the largest coal reserves. The state aims to increase power generation capacity substantially. Key cities include Raipur, Bhilai, and Korba, the latter known as the "power capital of India". The economy has grown rapidly in recent years and the government has implemented various policies and incentives to attract investment and promote sectors such as agriculture, tourism, and skill development.
Determining trip generation of commercial land use of kaptaiKazi Mahfuzur Rahman
Abstract
Trip generation is the first step in the conventional transportation forecasting process. Trip generation rates can
influence the magnitude of the roadway improvements that are constructed like the amount of land that is
required to be dedicated for road’s right-of-way, and calculation of long term maintenance costs of the roadway
network. Therefore, an accurate estimate of vehicle trip generation is required to construct the necessary roadway
infrastructure without overbuilding it. Mohora to Kaptai road is an important and a busy road in Chittagong
because some important commercial buildings, power plants, industries and institutions are situated along this
road. The goal of this paper is to determine trip generation of adjacent commercial land uses of Kaptai Road. To
fulfill the goal, our objectives are to identify the number of trips generation by the adjacent commercial land uses
and to relate trip generation with respect to land use and socio-economic characteristics of Kaptai road. This
study utilizes Geographic Information System (GIS), Questionnaire Survey, Personal Interview and Multiple
Linear Regression Analysis for the trip generation analysis and calculation. Trip generation surveys have
completed at a total of 10 commercial sites, covering five different shopping centers and five different banks at
different important intersection point. The findings have clarified the existing land uses, trip generation situation
with multiple linear regression model and trip rates of commercial land uses.
Andhra Pradesh Priorities: Ease of Doing Business - Pahle India FoundationCopenhagen_Consensus
The document discusses land records management in Andhra Pradesh. It analyzes two interventions: conducting survey activities and digitizing land records to improve the system. The methodology examines secondary research, interviews, and cost-benefit analysis of the interventions. The total estimated cost is INR 481 crores, while the total estimated benefit is INR 10938 crores, resulting in a benefit-cost ratio of 23 at a 5% discount rate, indicating the interventions would significantly benefit the state.
Kerala has a high literacy rate and sex ratio. The state receives large foreign remittances and has a strong services sector focused on tourism and IT/ITeS. However, the document also notes opportunities for improving agriculture, industry, infrastructure, and healthcare. The state aims to increase tourism arrivals and the share of manufacturing in the economy by 2030 under its Kerala Vision 2030 plan.
West Bengal has a large and growing economy, with a GSDP of US$ 132.86 billion in 2014-15. The document outlines West Bengal's vision for 2022, which includes goals for agriculture, infrastructure, economic development, education and other sectors. It also highlights the state's cultural heritage and competitive advantages such as connectivity, labor pool and lower costs of business. West Bengal is a major producer of rice, potato, jute and other crops, and has significant mineral resources.
This document provides a summary of a report on migrant workers in the South East region of England. It conducted research through surveys of over 700 migrant workers, focus groups, and interviews with employers and third party organizations to assess the impacts of migration on the regional economy and labor market. Key findings include that migrant workers are concentrated in certain industries and occupations, particularly construction, food processing, and agriculture. The report also examines the skills migrant workers bring, their use of public services, and issues of integration. It aims to improve the evidence base around migration impacts to help regional partners and local areas address related challenges and opportunities to strengthen the adaptive capacity of the regional economy and society.
Kerala has a highly literate population and strong tourism sector. The document provides an overview of Kerala's economy and development vision. It summarizes that Kerala has the highest literacy rate in India, a robust tourism industry driven by its natural beauty and cultural diversity, and receives the largest amount of foreign remittances of any Indian state. The state aims to increase manufacturing contribution to the economy and establish itself as a global education hub by 2030.
The document provides information on Chhattisgarh's economy and business opportunities. Some key points:
1) Chhattisgarh has significant mineral resources such as coal, iron ore, tin, and dolomite, making it a major producer. It is also developing sectors like agriculture, tourism, and herbal medicines.
2) The state aims to improve infrastructure like roads, railways and power to support business. Its vision is to promote industries, skills, education and a clean environment.
3) Chhattisgarh has seen strong economic growth in recent years. Its GSDP was $36.6 billion in 2015-16 and is projected to reach $47.75 billion
Chhattisgarh has significant mineral resources and is a major producer of coal, iron ore, and dolomite in India. It is the sole producer of tin concentrate and has the largest coal reserves. The state aims to increase power generation capacity substantially. Key cities include Raipur, Bhilai, and Korba, the latter known as the "power capital of India". The economy has grown rapidly in recent years and the government has implemented various policies and incentives to attract investment and promote sectors such as agriculture, tourism, and skill development.
The document provides information about the state of Chhattisgarh in India, including:
1) Chhattisgarh has significant mineral resources and is a major producer of coal, iron ore, and other minerals in India. It is also developing industries like agriculture, tourism, and renewable energy.
2) The state's economy has grown substantially in recent years with its GSDP increasing at a CAGR of 11.83% between 2004-2005 and 2015-2016.
3) Key goals of the state include improving infrastructure like roads, railways and airports, as well as education and skill development to attract more investment and make Chhattisgarh a leading state in India.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
West Bengal had a GSDP of US$ 158.40 billion in 2017-18 and grew at an average annual rate of 11.88% from 2011-12 to 2017-18. The state contributes around 1% to India's total FDI inflows and received investment proposals worth US$ 33.83 billion at the Bengal Global Business Summit in January 2017. Major sectors that contribute to the state's economy include agriculture, industry and services. The services sector is the largest contributor to GSVA, accounting for 57.15% in 2017-18.
Jharkhand is a mineral-rich state in eastern India known for its coal and iron ore reserves. It accounts for 40% of India's mineral resources and 29% of coal reserves. Some key facts about Jharkhand's economy:
- It is the second largest producer of iron ore in India, with 25.7% of national reserves.
- Jharkhand produces 20-25% of India's total steel and is the sole producer of coking coal, uranium, and pyrite in the country.
- The state aims to increase annual steel production from 14.9 million tons in 2015-16 to 25 million tons by 2017-18.
- Tamil Nadu has a diversified economy and is one of the most industrialized states in India, with a focus on industries like automobiles, engineering, pharmaceuticals, textiles, chemicals and plastics.
- The state aims to increase its per capita income six-fold and achieve $10,000 per capita GSDP by 2023 through attracting $248.84 billion in investments across sectors like energy, transport, industry and more.
- Tamil Nadu has a strong talent pool, developed infrastructure including ports, airports and roads, and aims to provide the best infrastructure services in India through its Vision 2023 plan.
Chhattisgarh has a strong mineral production base and is a leading producer of coal and iron ore in India. It is the only state that produces tin concentrates. Korba district is known as the power capital of India. The state has emerged as a startup hub with sectors like ecommerce growing. Between 2011-2012 and 2017-2018, the gross value added from the primary sector grew at a CAGR of 9.88%. Chhattisgarh has experienced strong economic growth and is considered one of the best managed states in India.
Chhattisgarh has a strong mineral production base and is a leading producer of coal, iron ore, and dolomite. It is the only state in India that produces tin concentrates. Korba district is known as the power capital of India. The state has emerged as a start-up hub and leading investment destination, with e-commerce and other sectors growing. Between 2011-2012 and 2017-2018, the gross value added from the primary sector grew at a compound annual growth rate of 9.88% in Chhattisgarh.
West Bengal had a GSDP of US$ 163.87 billion in 2017-18 and grew at an average annual rate of 12.47% from 2011-12 to 2017-18. The services sector contributed 57.15% to the state's GSVA in 2017-18, making it the largest sector. FDI inflows into West Bengal between April 2000 to December 2017 totalled US$ 4.19 billion. Exports from the state grew to US$ 8.25 billion in 2016-17.
Census Transportation Planning Products ProgramRPO America
During the National Regional Transportation Conference, Penelope Weinberger shared information on the Census Transportation Planning Products (CTPP) program and other data sets useful for transportation planning.
2. case study 2 land transportation effects on manufacture and regional eco...Farel Adhitabima
This study examined the effects of land transportation and manufacturing industry on the economic improvement of Sumatra, Indonesia from 2006-2015. Regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between these variables. The results showed that land transportation and manufacturing industry had a positive and significant combined effect on economic improvement. Specifically, land transportation was found to have a positive and significant partial effect, while the manufacturing industry did not have a significant partial effect. The study utilized secondary data from the central statistics agency of Labuhan Batu Regency to analyze these relationships and their implications for the regional economy of Sumatra, Indonesia.
Uttar Pradesh has seen strong economic growth in recent years. Its GSDP grew at a CAGR of 13.43% from 2011-12 to 2018-19, reaching Rs. 15.42 trillion (US$ 213.78 billion) in 2018-19. The tertiary sector is the largest contributor to the state's GSVA, accounting for 47.77% in 2017-18, followed by the primary and secondary sectors. FDI inflows into the state since April 2000 have totaled US$ 686 million as of December 2018.
This document provides an overview of the Indian state of Kerala. It discusses Kerala's cultural diversity and literacy rate, as well as its developed tourism sector and ranking second in the World Bank's Investment Climate Index. The document also mentions Kerala's major economic sectors like tourism and IT/ITeS. It provides statistics on Kerala's GDP, key infrastructure like ports and airports, and the state's goals of promoting industries, education, and healthcare as outlined in its Vision 2030 plan.
West Bengal had a GSDP of US$ 158.40 billion in 2017-18 and grew at a CAGR of 11.88% from 2011-12 to 2017-18. The state is the largest producer of rice and second largest producer of potato in India. Kolkata is emerging as a major IT hub with 25 IT parks established or under development. The document provides an overview of West Bengal's economy, key sectors, policies and initiatives to promote economic growth.
West Bengal has a large economy as its GSDP in 2017-18 was US$ 158.40 billion. It is a major producer of rice and potato in India. Kolkata is emerging as an IT hub with 25 IT parks established or being set up. The state aims to increase agriculture productivity, power generation, and improve transportation and social infrastructure by 2022 to further economic development.
An empirical study on impact of infrastructural development on social and eco...Alexander Decker
The document presents an empirical study on the impact of infrastructural development on socio-economic growth in Indian states. It uses panel regression techniques to measure the impact of infrastructural investment on the mortality rate and per capita income across 16 major Indian states from 1987 to 2008. The study finds that infrastructural investment has a significant and desirable impact on social and economic indicators, though the impact varies across different states. Fixed effect panel regression models are used to account for differences in intercepts across states.
Jharkhand is a mineral-rich state in eastern India known for its abundant coal and iron ore reserves. It accounts for 40% of India's mineral wealth and is a leading producer of minerals, steel, and electricity. The state aims to increase annual steel production from 14.9 million tonnes in 2015-16 to 25 million tonnes by 2017-18. Jharkhand also has a strong tourism industry and is the largest producer of tussar silk in India. The state government is working to improve infrastructure and attract investment in key sectors like mining, manufacturing, and renewable energy.
Jharkhand is a mineral-rich state in eastern India known for its mining industry. It has significant reserves of coal, iron ore, copper, and other minerals. Some key points:
- Jharkhand has around 40% of India's mineral reserves and is one of the largest producers of minerals like coal, iron ore, and copper.
- Major industries include mining, steel production, and mineral extraction. The state accounts for 20-25% of India's total steel production.
- The government aims to increase steel production from 14.9 million tonnes in 2015-16 to 25 million tonnes by 2017-18.
- Other resources in the state include uranium (
ABSTRACT:
What this paper is trying to highlight is how City-Regions are being actively constructed (Harrison, 2012), where they are being mobilised in support of, or in opposition to, particular territorial development models and strategies.
Hence, this paper contributes to debates about the meaning and the understanding of the dynamics of actively constructed term of the “City-Region”, by proposing an Analytical Systemic Framework after reviewing the literature of the main key authors. The Analytical Systemic Framework called “The Future of the City-Regions”
(FCR) consists of 5-Systems: URBS (Urban System), CYBER (Relational System), CIVITAS (Socio-Cultural System),
POLIS (Socio-Political System) and DEMOS (Democratic System).
This document provides an overview of Chhattisgarh's economy and business opportunities. Some key points:
- Chhattisgarh is a major producer of minerals like coal, iron ore, and tin in India. It accounts for over 20% of India's coal production.
- Industries like mining, power generation, and manufacturing are major contributors to the state's economy. The service sector is also growing rapidly.
- The state aims to increase power generation capacity and develop infrastructure like roads and railways. Naya Raipur is being developed as a model planned city.
- Chhattisgarh offers various incentives for business and has emerged as a preferred investment destination in India. The state also has
This document provides an overview and background of a project report analyzing the poolability of data from the 67th round of the National Sample Survey in Delhi, India. It conducted surveys of unincorporated non-agricultural enterprises excluding construction. The report analyzes whether central and state sample data can be pooled to provide more precise estimates. It describes the survey methodology, definitions, economic indicators analyzed for poolability, and tests used to assess poolability. The goal is to determine if pooling the two datasets can increase sample size and precision of estimates, especially at sub-state levels.
IRJET- Review Paper on Estimate Traffic Volume and Geometric Design on Select...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that studied traffic volume on a selected stretch of road in Nagpur, India. The researchers conducted a manual traffic flow survey to estimate traffic volume. They collected data at different time periods to understand traffic patterns. Their goals were to help control traffic at intersections and suggest safety improvements to meet future needs. Specifically, they estimated traffic volume in passenger car units to account for different vehicle types. Their analysis of traffic volume can inform transportation planning, road design, and traffic management.
IRJET- Evaluation of Social Cost Benefit of Samruddhi MahamargIRJET Journal
1) The document evaluates the social cost-benefit analysis of the Samruddhi Mahamarg, an upcoming eight lane expressway in Maharashtra state that is 706 km long and connects 10 districts.
2) It provides background on the importance of infrastructure and transport for economic development. Rapid urbanization is increasing pressure on infrastructure in India.
3) A literature review covers studies showing how cost-benefit analysis can achieve more equitable distribution when accompanied by social evaluation, and how such analyses have been used to evaluate the economic viability of expressway projects in other countries.
The document provides information about the state of Chhattisgarh in India, including:
1) Chhattisgarh has significant mineral resources and is a major producer of coal, iron ore, and other minerals in India. It is also developing industries like agriculture, tourism, and renewable energy.
2) The state's economy has grown substantially in recent years with its GSDP increasing at a CAGR of 11.83% between 2004-2005 and 2015-2016.
3) Key goals of the state include improving infrastructure like roads, railways and airports, as well as education and skill development to attract more investment and make Chhattisgarh a leading state in India.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
West Bengal had a GSDP of US$ 158.40 billion in 2017-18 and grew at an average annual rate of 11.88% from 2011-12 to 2017-18. The state contributes around 1% to India's total FDI inflows and received investment proposals worth US$ 33.83 billion at the Bengal Global Business Summit in January 2017. Major sectors that contribute to the state's economy include agriculture, industry and services. The services sector is the largest contributor to GSVA, accounting for 57.15% in 2017-18.
Jharkhand is a mineral-rich state in eastern India known for its coal and iron ore reserves. It accounts for 40% of India's mineral resources and 29% of coal reserves. Some key facts about Jharkhand's economy:
- It is the second largest producer of iron ore in India, with 25.7% of national reserves.
- Jharkhand produces 20-25% of India's total steel and is the sole producer of coking coal, uranium, and pyrite in the country.
- The state aims to increase annual steel production from 14.9 million tons in 2015-16 to 25 million tons by 2017-18.
- Tamil Nadu has a diversified economy and is one of the most industrialized states in India, with a focus on industries like automobiles, engineering, pharmaceuticals, textiles, chemicals and plastics.
- The state aims to increase its per capita income six-fold and achieve $10,000 per capita GSDP by 2023 through attracting $248.84 billion in investments across sectors like energy, transport, industry and more.
- Tamil Nadu has a strong talent pool, developed infrastructure including ports, airports and roads, and aims to provide the best infrastructure services in India through its Vision 2023 plan.
Chhattisgarh has a strong mineral production base and is a leading producer of coal and iron ore in India. It is the only state that produces tin concentrates. Korba district is known as the power capital of India. The state has emerged as a startup hub with sectors like ecommerce growing. Between 2011-2012 and 2017-2018, the gross value added from the primary sector grew at a CAGR of 9.88%. Chhattisgarh has experienced strong economic growth and is considered one of the best managed states in India.
Chhattisgarh has a strong mineral production base and is a leading producer of coal, iron ore, and dolomite. It is the only state in India that produces tin concentrates. Korba district is known as the power capital of India. The state has emerged as a start-up hub and leading investment destination, with e-commerce and other sectors growing. Between 2011-2012 and 2017-2018, the gross value added from the primary sector grew at a compound annual growth rate of 9.88% in Chhattisgarh.
West Bengal had a GSDP of US$ 163.87 billion in 2017-18 and grew at an average annual rate of 12.47% from 2011-12 to 2017-18. The services sector contributed 57.15% to the state's GSVA in 2017-18, making it the largest sector. FDI inflows into West Bengal between April 2000 to December 2017 totalled US$ 4.19 billion. Exports from the state grew to US$ 8.25 billion in 2016-17.
Census Transportation Planning Products ProgramRPO America
During the National Regional Transportation Conference, Penelope Weinberger shared information on the Census Transportation Planning Products (CTPP) program and other data sets useful for transportation planning.
2. case study 2 land transportation effects on manufacture and regional eco...Farel Adhitabima
This study examined the effects of land transportation and manufacturing industry on the economic improvement of Sumatra, Indonesia from 2006-2015. Regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between these variables. The results showed that land transportation and manufacturing industry had a positive and significant combined effect on economic improvement. Specifically, land transportation was found to have a positive and significant partial effect, while the manufacturing industry did not have a significant partial effect. The study utilized secondary data from the central statistics agency of Labuhan Batu Regency to analyze these relationships and their implications for the regional economy of Sumatra, Indonesia.
Uttar Pradesh has seen strong economic growth in recent years. Its GSDP grew at a CAGR of 13.43% from 2011-12 to 2018-19, reaching Rs. 15.42 trillion (US$ 213.78 billion) in 2018-19. The tertiary sector is the largest contributor to the state's GSVA, accounting for 47.77% in 2017-18, followed by the primary and secondary sectors. FDI inflows into the state since April 2000 have totaled US$ 686 million as of December 2018.
This document provides an overview of the Indian state of Kerala. It discusses Kerala's cultural diversity and literacy rate, as well as its developed tourism sector and ranking second in the World Bank's Investment Climate Index. The document also mentions Kerala's major economic sectors like tourism and IT/ITeS. It provides statistics on Kerala's GDP, key infrastructure like ports and airports, and the state's goals of promoting industries, education, and healthcare as outlined in its Vision 2030 plan.
West Bengal had a GSDP of US$ 158.40 billion in 2017-18 and grew at a CAGR of 11.88% from 2011-12 to 2017-18. The state is the largest producer of rice and second largest producer of potato in India. Kolkata is emerging as a major IT hub with 25 IT parks established or under development. The document provides an overview of West Bengal's economy, key sectors, policies and initiatives to promote economic growth.
West Bengal has a large economy as its GSDP in 2017-18 was US$ 158.40 billion. It is a major producer of rice and potato in India. Kolkata is emerging as an IT hub with 25 IT parks established or being set up. The state aims to increase agriculture productivity, power generation, and improve transportation and social infrastructure by 2022 to further economic development.
An empirical study on impact of infrastructural development on social and eco...Alexander Decker
The document presents an empirical study on the impact of infrastructural development on socio-economic growth in Indian states. It uses panel regression techniques to measure the impact of infrastructural investment on the mortality rate and per capita income across 16 major Indian states from 1987 to 2008. The study finds that infrastructural investment has a significant and desirable impact on social and economic indicators, though the impact varies across different states. Fixed effect panel regression models are used to account for differences in intercepts across states.
Jharkhand is a mineral-rich state in eastern India known for its abundant coal and iron ore reserves. It accounts for 40% of India's mineral wealth and is a leading producer of minerals, steel, and electricity. The state aims to increase annual steel production from 14.9 million tonnes in 2015-16 to 25 million tonnes by 2017-18. Jharkhand also has a strong tourism industry and is the largest producer of tussar silk in India. The state government is working to improve infrastructure and attract investment in key sectors like mining, manufacturing, and renewable energy.
Jharkhand is a mineral-rich state in eastern India known for its mining industry. It has significant reserves of coal, iron ore, copper, and other minerals. Some key points:
- Jharkhand has around 40% of India's mineral reserves and is one of the largest producers of minerals like coal, iron ore, and copper.
- Major industries include mining, steel production, and mineral extraction. The state accounts for 20-25% of India's total steel production.
- The government aims to increase steel production from 14.9 million tonnes in 2015-16 to 25 million tonnes by 2017-18.
- Other resources in the state include uranium (
ABSTRACT:
What this paper is trying to highlight is how City-Regions are being actively constructed (Harrison, 2012), where they are being mobilised in support of, or in opposition to, particular territorial development models and strategies.
Hence, this paper contributes to debates about the meaning and the understanding of the dynamics of actively constructed term of the “City-Region”, by proposing an Analytical Systemic Framework after reviewing the literature of the main key authors. The Analytical Systemic Framework called “The Future of the City-Regions”
(FCR) consists of 5-Systems: URBS (Urban System), CYBER (Relational System), CIVITAS (Socio-Cultural System),
POLIS (Socio-Political System) and DEMOS (Democratic System).
This document provides an overview of Chhattisgarh's economy and business opportunities. Some key points:
- Chhattisgarh is a major producer of minerals like coal, iron ore, and tin in India. It accounts for over 20% of India's coal production.
- Industries like mining, power generation, and manufacturing are major contributors to the state's economy. The service sector is also growing rapidly.
- The state aims to increase power generation capacity and develop infrastructure like roads and railways. Naya Raipur is being developed as a model planned city.
- Chhattisgarh offers various incentives for business and has emerged as a preferred investment destination in India. The state also has
This document provides an overview and background of a project report analyzing the poolability of data from the 67th round of the National Sample Survey in Delhi, India. It conducted surveys of unincorporated non-agricultural enterprises excluding construction. The report analyzes whether central and state sample data can be pooled to provide more precise estimates. It describes the survey methodology, definitions, economic indicators analyzed for poolability, and tests used to assess poolability. The goal is to determine if pooling the two datasets can increase sample size and precision of estimates, especially at sub-state levels.
IRJET- Review Paper on Estimate Traffic Volume and Geometric Design on Select...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that studied traffic volume on a selected stretch of road in Nagpur, India. The researchers conducted a manual traffic flow survey to estimate traffic volume. They collected data at different time periods to understand traffic patterns. Their goals were to help control traffic at intersections and suggest safety improvements to meet future needs. Specifically, they estimated traffic volume in passenger car units to account for different vehicle types. Their analysis of traffic volume can inform transportation planning, road design, and traffic management.
IRJET- Evaluation of Social Cost Benefit of Samruddhi MahamargIRJET Journal
1) The document evaluates the social cost-benefit analysis of the Samruddhi Mahamarg, an upcoming eight lane expressway in Maharashtra state that is 706 km long and connects 10 districts.
2) It provides background on the importance of infrastructure and transport for economic development. Rapid urbanization is increasing pressure on infrastructure in India.
3) A literature review covers studies showing how cost-benefit analysis can achieve more equitable distribution when accompanied by social evaluation, and how such analyses have been used to evaluate the economic viability of expressway projects in other countries.
Investigation of traffic flow characteristics of dhaka sylhet highway n-2-IAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study that analyzed traffic flow characteristics on the Dhaka-Sylhet Highway in Bangladesh from 2007-2009. Daily traffic data was collected from a toll plaza and showed that weekend traffic is dominant. Inbound and outbound traffic patterns differed, with maximum inbound traffic on Thursdays and Fridays carrying many buses and trucks, while outbound traffic peaked on Fridays with many personal vehicles. Weekly traffic slightly increased in the second and third weeks of months. Monthly traffic was highest in November and December and lowest in February. Unlike other Bangladeshi highways, more traffic occurred in the rainy season than dry season on this route. Buses, trucks and covered trucks made up 42.46% of all vehicles
As is the trend worldwide, India is undergoing rapid urbanization. This means not only that more people than ever before
will be living and working in cities, but also that more people and more goods will be making more and longer trips
in urban areas. The costs of increasing dependence on cars is resulting in expensive road building and maintenance,
clogged and congested roads, high levels of energy consumption along with its economic and environmental costs, worsening
air and noise pollution, traffic accidents and social inequities that arise when the poor find transportation services
increasingly unaffordable.
IRJET- Economic Analysis of NH-48 (Four Lanning of Hassan to Maranahally Sect...IRJET Journal
The document discusses an economic analysis of a four-laning project of NH-48 in Karnataka, India. It conducted traffic surveys to collect current traffic data and forecast future traffic growth. An economic model (HDM-IV) was used to compare the costs and benefits of the project against a no-project scenario to calculate the internal rate of return. Traffic was forecasted using elasticity models correlating past vehicle registration data to economic indicators like GDP and per capita income, and projecting future growth rates. The analysis found the project would have economic benefits based on increased road capacity and lower transportation costs.
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The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
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referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
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CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECT
Disaggregate Traffic Forecasting and Diversion analysis for Inter-Regional Traffic Corridor
1. P.G. section in Transportation Engineering & Planning
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
SARDAR VALLABHBHAI NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SURAT, INDIA
DISSERTATION (CE-864)
“DISAGGREGATE TRAFFIC FORECASTING
AND DIVERSION ANALYSIS FOR INTER-REGIONAL TRAFFIC
CORRIDOR USING ECONOMETRIC APPROACH”
Presented by :
Rahul Deshwal
(P17TP003)
Guided by:
Prof. G. J. Joshi
Dr. S. S. Arkatkar
1
2. CONTENTS
I. Introduction
II. Need for Study
III. Literature Review
IV. Objectives and Scope of Work
V. Methodology
VI. Study Area
VII.Data Collection and Analysis
VIII.Employment Forecasting
IX. Traffic Prediction for NH-48
X. Diversion Analysis
XI. Results and Discussion
XII.References
2
3. Introduction
Planning is the process of thinking about the activities required to achieve a
desired goal.
Planning of the region is done in two aspects:
Economic planning, and
Physical planning.
Transportation system plays an important role in economic, industrial, social and
cultural development for the region. Hence, Regional planning of transport
infrastructure for the region's connectivity and circuity with the other regions
becomes crucial.
Regional transportation planning provides integration of transportation plan with
land use plan of the region.
Road transport in India is the dominant mode of transport
65% of freight movement, and
85% of passenger traffic.
The National Highways network of 115,435 km contributes to about 2.7% of the country’s
road network and carries about 40% of total traffic.
3
4. Need of Study
The Mumbai–Ahmedabad Corridor in the western part of the country is one of the
important transport corridors of the country.
Industries like, textile industry, gems and jewelleries, petrochemical & fertilizer and
other industrial complexes have been established along this corridor.
According to EIA report submitted by ICT Pvt. Ltd.,
The average journey speed on Mumbai-Vadodara section of NH-48 was found 50-60
km/hr whereas a NH is designed for the speed of 100 km/hr.
NH-48, 6-lane highway, was carrying traffic in the range of 50,000 to 80,000 PCU per
day in 2013 and reached LOS E in 2015 itself.
Report has growth factor and elasticity based aggregate traffic forecast which
undermines the individual growth patterns of different vehicle class.
4
5. Author Title Review and Findings
Stephen Fretz,
Christoph Gorgas
(2013)
Regional economic
effects of transport
infrastructure
expansion:
evidence from the
Swiss highway
network.
The main aim of the study was to quantitatively assess the
impact of improved regional accessibility. Variables such
as GDP, unemployment rate and industrial structure.
They concluded that improved transport infrastructure
network shows improvement in intangible benefits at
regional level, and also labour market play an important
role for infrastructure expansion to generate benefits in
terms of income.
Ying Jin,
Ian Williams
(2000)
A new regional
economic model for
European transport
corridor studies.
The author reported the development of new operational
model for assessing the socio-economic impact of
strategic transport initiatives.
They have described the likely use of regional economic
model for transport.
They linked transport demand forecast with regional
economy via regional economic model and assessed the
impact of transport in context of that regional economy.
Literature Review: Regional Economy5
6. Author Title Review and Findings
Jim Yoo Kim, Jung
Hoon Han.
(2015)
Straw effects of
new highway
construction on
local population and
employment
growth.
The study was carried out to examine the rising concern of
straw effects of new highway using difference-in-
difference model to measure effects of new highway on
local population and employment growth.
The results revealed that no evidence of the straw effects
were found and not only the new highways contribute to
increasing population and employment in lagging areas but
also improve the accessibility of existing highway.
Uwe Blien,
Tassinopoulos
(2001)
Forecasting
regional
employment
The authors described forecasting of employment was
based on entropy optimizing procedure, a newly developed
for the estimation of matrices from heterogeneous
information.
Simple linear regression using first differences between
years was developed for estimating the trend of
employment.
They found employment forecasting becomes necessary as
the change in employment causes change in vehicle
ownership.
Literature Review: Employment Forecasting6
7. Author Title Review and Findings
Kartikeya Jha,
Nishita Sinha, S.S.
Arkatkar
(2012)
Modelling Growth
Trend & Forecasting
Techniques for
Vehicular Population
in India.
Trend Line Analysis of last 25 years was carried out.
Econometric regression models were also developed using
variables such as population and per capita income.
Time Series Analysis was also done using the Box and Jenkins
Methodology.
They found ARIMA models of Box and Jenkins methodology
perform better than trend line analysis and econometric
regression analysis.
Shabana Thabassum
(2013)
Impact of state-wise
vehicle contribution
on traffic growth
rates for National
Highways
The impact of different state vehicular growth on the state
highway.
Socio-economic variable such a population, NSDP and per
capita income (PCI) were used to determine the elasticity of
transport demand and develop regression models.
Traffic growth rate for different categories of vehicle was
determined, and forecasted traffic was used for financial
analysis and pavement design.
Indian Road
Congress
(2015)
IRC: 108-2015
Guidelines for
Traffic Forecast on
Highways
It provides methodology for traffic forecasting process.
Literature Review: Traffic Forecasting7
8. 8
Stage – 3
Forecasting of Travel
Stage – 2
Analysis of Base Year Travel
Stage – 1
Preparatory Works
Study of the Base Year Transport Network Map
Reconnaissance Survey
Identification of the PIA and TAZs
Identification of the Homogenous Traffic Sections
Identification of Primary Surveys and
their Locations
Primary Traffic Studies
Base Year Traffic Analysis
Normal Traffic
Forecast
Identification of Secondary Data and
their Sources
Collection of Secondary Data
Estimation of Growth
Factor for Normal Traffic
Developmental Traffic
Forecast
Total Traffic Forecast
Horizon year Transport
Network
Generated Traffic Forecast
Source:- IRC:108-2015 Fig. A.1 Traffic Forecasting Process
9. Contd.
Traffic Growth Forecast
9
AADT
Normal Traffic
Forcast
• Past Traffic Trend
• Past trend of Vehicle
Population
• Elasticity of Transport
Demand
• Time Series (SMA, DMA,
SES, ARMA, ARIMA, etc.)
Developmental
Traffic Forecast
• New township
• Industrial unit or SEZ
Generated
Traffic Forecast
• Diverted Traffic
• Induced Traffic
10. Objectives
The main objectives of this research work are as follows:
To analyse historical inter-regional traffic flow pattern of NH 48 on various temporal
scale
To analyse effect of Regional/National Economic growth on traffic flow of NH 48
To develop appropriate Time Series model for Traffic Forecast and consequent
LOS pattern
To develop models for Diversion Forecast for alternate highway.
10
Scope of Work
Historical traffic data of toll booths in region
Economic growth indicators GDP and GSDP
Impact of the industrial growth of the study region (South Gujarat) on the National Highway 48.
User response survey for diversion analysis
Viability of the proposed Vadodara-Mumbai Expressway in terms of travel demand.
12. The National Highway passes from Major
Cities:-
• Delhi
• Gurugram
• Jaipur
• Ajmer
• Beawar
• Udaipur
• Ahmedabad
• Vadodara
• Surat
• Mumbai
12 NH-48 from Delhi to Mumbai
14. DISTRICTS AND CITIES IN STUDY REGION14
Study Region consist of 5 Districts
of South Gujarat region:
• Vadodara,
• Bharuch,
• Surat,
• Navsari,
• Valsad.
Source: Draft EIA report submitted by ICT Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi
19. Phase 1 consist of construction of 274 km road
stretch
260.4 km is in state of Gujarat,
5.5 km in Union Territory of Dadra and Nagar
Haveli and,
8.1 km in district of Thane in state of
Maharashtra
Existing NH 48 in the same corridor has stretch of
277 km in Gujarat.
• VME is passing through
• Vadodara (54.4km),
• Bharuch (62.5 km),
• Surat (57.3km),
• Navsari (37.6km) and
• Valsad (48.6km)
in the state of Gujarat (260.4km).
19 Vadodara Mumbai Expressway (VME)
21. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS21
Primary Data
(Questionnaire Survey)
Revealed Preference data
Vehicle Characteristics
Travel Characteristics
Stated Preference data
Priority Ranking
Willingness to Pay
Secondary Data
Classified monthly
traffic data of toll
Road Network
GDP/GSDP data
Industry data
RTO data
22. SECONDARY DATA22
Government Agency Data Collected Period
NHAI – PIU Surat
Classified Monthly Traffic Volume
(Schedule M) of Karjan toll,
Boriach toll and Bhagwada toll
2009-2018
MSME – Development
Institute
Employment and Investment Data
1985-2011
2006-2015
Directorate of Census
Operations, Gujarat
Population, Household and
Employment
1991, 2001,
2011
Planning Commission GDP and GSDP 2001-2018
RTO, Gujarat Vehicle Registration 2000-2018
27. 27
A total of 806 samples were
collected in preliminary and
primary survey removing
samples with
inappropriate/incomplete data.
70 Samples were collected in
preliminary survey on basis of
which 5 locations for primary
survey were finalised.
736 Samples were collected from
5 locations in 2 days time during
primary survey.
PRIMARY
DATA
28. Traffic Entry and
Exit locations
Origin Destination
Gujarat 64 67
Maharashtra 26 20
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Percentage%
Movement of Vehicle for Gujarat and Maharashtra
E
N
ENE
Sura
t
Valsad
E
E
E
S
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Percentage
Location
Distribution of Primary data based on O-D pattern
Origin Destination
28
29. Travel Pattern and
Route Preference
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Car LCV Bus Truck MAV
Percentage%
Vehicle Category
Vehicle Category Travel Pattern
Internal to Internal Internal to External
External to Internal External to External
Car LCV Bus Truck MAV Total
Yes 81 70 38 81 85 81
No 19 30 63 19 15 19
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Percentage%
Vehicle Category
Preference for Vadodara Mumbai Expressway
Region
1
Region
2
Region
3
Region
4
External
External
External
External
I-E & E-I
E-E
I-I
29
30. Descriptive Statistics
45%
12%
20%
23%
Travel Pattern (No)
Internal to
Internal
Internal to
External
External to
Internal
External to
External
16%
21%
24%
39%
Travel Pattern (Yes)
Internal to
Internal
Internal to
External
External to
Internal
External to
External
30
31. Priority for Road Users
0
50
100
150
200
Travel
Time
Travel
Cost
Distance Road Side
Amenities
Prioirty for Car
1 2 3 4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Travel
Time
Travel
Cost
Distance Road Side
Amenities
Prioirty for LCV
1 2 3 4
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Travel
Time
Travel
Cost
Distance Road Side
Amenities
Prioirty for Bus_Truck
1 2 3 4
0
50
100
150
200
250
Travel
Time
Travel
Cost
Distance Road Side
Amenities
Prioirty for MAV
1 2 3 4
31
59. SAR AND SMA SIGNATURE59
SAR signature: Positive spikes in ACF at lag s, 2s,
3s and positive spike in PACF at lag s.
SMA signature: Negative spike in ACF at lag s, and
negative spikes in PACF at lags s, 2s, 3s.
60. PROCEDURE60
Analysis involves formation of ACF and PACF plots for four different cases
which are:
Plots without any differencing.
Plots with non-seasonal differencing.
Plots with seasonal differencing.
Plots with non-seasonal and seasonal differencing.
61. CONTD.61
For example:
Case with Non-Seasonal and Seasonal Differencing of Karjan toll Car traffic
Model – ARIMA(p,d,q)x(P,D,Q) = ARIMA(0,1,1)x(0,1,1)
69. VOLUME TO CAPACITY ANALYSIS69
LOS THRESHOLD FOR 6-LANE DIVIDED INTERURBAN HIGHWAY SEGMENTS
LOS V/C PCU/day Threshold
A <0.2 <27000 34000 @ LOS-B: Suggested
threshold flow for conversion
from six lane to eight lane
divided road to ensure
enhanced safety in traffic
operations.
B 0.21-0.3 27001-41000
C 0.31-0.5 41001-68000
D 0.51-0.7 68001-95000
E 0.7-1 95001-136000
F >1 >136000
Indian Highway Capacity Manual (Indo-HCM)
74. Diversion Analysis based
on
Origin-Destination
Primary Survey Data
Survey Proportion Percentage
Actual Volume Proportion
Average Volume
Calculation of Utility value
Diversion Proportion (Logit Model)
Highway Traffic
MADT
for
NH48 Toll Plazas
MADT
for
VME sections
DIVERSION ANALYSIS74
75. Karjan Toll
Narmada Toll
Choryasi Toll
Boriach Toll
Bhagwada Toll
National
Highway
48
External
East
External
South
East
External
North
External
South
Vadodara
External
West
Bharuch Surat Navsari Valsad
1 2 3 4 5 6
EXISTING HIGHWAY (NH-48)75
78. V/C FOR TRAFFIC AT TOLL PLAZAS OF
NH48 UPTO HORIZON YEAR 2035
78
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2018 2023 2028 2033
V/C
Year
V/C Trend for NH-48
Karjan
Narmada
Choryasi
Boriach
Bhagwada
LOS B
LOS C
LOS F
80. 80
Binary Logit model based on vehicle category.
P ΤR2 R1
k
=
eUR2
eUR1 + eUR2
Utility Functions derived from Logit Model.
Uk
R1 = α H_TTR1+ β H_costR1 + γ H_distR1 + C
Uk
R2 = α H_TTR2+ β H_costR2 + γ H_distR2 + C
ROUTE CHOICE MODEL
Where, Pk
(R2/R1) = Probability of shifting from route 1 to 2 for kth vehicle category.
Uk
R1 = Utility function of route 1 for kth vehicle category.
Uk
R2 = Utility function of route 2 for kth vehicle category.
H_costR1/ H_costR1 = Travel cost for route 1 and route 2.
H_TTR1 / H_TTR2 = Travel time for route 1 and route 2.
H_distR1 / H_distR2 = Distance for route 1 and route 2.
C = Constant for unexplained part.
α, β, γ = Parameters or coefficients of the variables in model.
84. UTILITY EQUATION DATA84
Utility Modelling
• Using primary survey data for each vehicle category.
• Each data set was converted into 1-4 choice sets based on responses of
respondent for Willingness to pay section.
Logit Model inputs for Utility Calculation
Distance Based on Entry and Exit point of highway for each O-D pair
NH48 Distance between Entry & Exit point of NH48 alignment
VME Distance between Entry & Exit point of VME proposed alignment
Travel Time for each O-D pair
NH48 Travel time on existing route through primary survey data (50 percentile value)
VME Travel time through 10% increase in journey speed (Assumption)
Travel Cost for each O-D pair
NH48 Travel cost on existing route through toll collection
VME
Toll Cost through document with Regd. No. D.L. - 33004/99, The Gazette of
India: Extraordinary, Part II Section - 3, MORTH
Vehicle Car LCV Bus_Truck MAV
NH Speed (KM/hr) 73 64 59 55
VME Speed (KM/hr) 80 70 65 60
Toll Rate per KM 1.08 1.92 3.92 6.24
Toll Rate per Structure 5 7.5 15 22
85. DIVERSION PROPORTION85
O-D Pair Distance
Vehicle Category
Car LCV Bus_Truck MAV
External North External South 260 0.92 0.99 0.89 0.93
External North
External South
East
250 0.92 0.97 0.93 0.96
External North External East 161 0.76 0.85 0.73 0.77
External North Bharuch 91 0.61 0.58 0.63 0.65
External North Surat 124 0.6 0.71 0.5 0.49
External North Navsari 188 0.85 0.92 0.85 0.9
External North Valsad 250 0.11 0.01 0.21 0.13
Vadodara Vadodara 0 0 0 0 0
Vadodara Bharuch 91 0.61 0.58 0.63 0.65
Vadodara Surat 124 0.6 0.71 0.5 0.49
Vadodara Navsari 188 0.23 0.07 0.29 0.22
Vadodara Valsad 250 0.11 0.01 0.21 0.13
External West External South 169 0.87 0.98 0.82 0.87
External West
External South
East
159 0.88 0.96 0.88 0.93
External West External East 70 0.66 0.8 0.61 0.65
86. CONTD.86
O-D Pair Distance
Vehicle Category
Car LCV Bus_Truck MAV
External West Surat 33 0.48 0.63 0.37 0.34
External West Navsari 97 0.16 0.05 0.19 0.13
External West Valsad 159 0.07 0.01 0.14 0.07
Bharuch Bharuch 0 0 0 0 0
Bharuch Surat 33 0.48 0.63 0.37 0.34
Bharuch Navsari 97 0.16 0.05 0.19 0.13
Bharuch Valsad 159 0.07 0.01 0.14 0.07
Surat Surat 0 0 0 0 0
Surat Navsari 64 0.17 0.03 0.29 0.22
Surat Valsad 126 0.08 0 0.21 0.13
External East External South 99 0.77 0.92 0.75 0.78
External East
External South
East
89 0.79 0.86 0.82 0.87
External East Vadodara 161 0.76 0.85 0.73 0.77
External East Bharuch 70 0.66 0.8 0.61 0.65
External East Navsari 27 0.09 0.01 0.13 0.07
87. CONTD.87
O-D Pair Distance
Vehicle Category
Car LCV Bus_Truck MAV
External East Valsad 89 0.04 0 0.09 0.04
Navsari Navsari 0 0 0 0 0
Navsari Valsad 62 0.02 0 0.04 0.02
External South East External South 10 0.47 0.66 0.39 0.35
External South East Vadodara 250 0.92 0.97 0.93 0.96
External South East Bharuch 159 0.88 0.96 0.88 0.93
External South East Surat 126 0.21 0.03 0.33 0.27
External South East Navsari 62 0.67 0.76 0.68 0.72
External South East Valsad 0 0 0 0 0
Valsad Valsad 0 0 0 0 0
External South Vadodara 260 0.92 0.99 0.89 0.93
External South Bharuch 169 0.87 0.98 0.82 0.87
External South Surat 136 0.2 0.06 0.24 0.16
External South Navsari 72 0.66 0.85 0.58 0.58
External South Valsad 10 0.74 0.95 0.6 0.62
88. LOS THRESHOLDS88
LOS Thresholds for Six Lane Divided
Interurban Expressway Segments
LOS V/C PCU/day Threshold
A <0.25 <39800
58200 @ LOS-B:
Suggested
threshold flow for
conversion from
six lane to eight
lane divided road
to ensure
enhanced safety in
traffic operations.
B 0.26-0.5
39801-
76500
C 0.51-0.75
76501-
114800
D 0.76-0.93
114801-
142300
E 0.94-1
142301-
153000
F >1 >153000
LOS Thresholds for Eight Lane Divided
Urban Expressway Segments
LOS V/C PCU/day Threshold
A <0.25 <47600
69600 @ LOS-B:
Suggested
threshold flow for
conversion from
six lane to eight
lane divided road
to ensure
enhanced safety in
traffic operations.
B 0.26-0.5
47601-
91500
C
0.51-
0.75
91501-
137300
D
0.76-
0.93
137301-
170200
E 0.94-1
170201-
183000
F >1 >183000
89. VOLUME TO CAPACITY ANALYSIS89
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2018 2023 2028 2033
V/C
Year
V/C Trend for NH-48
Karjan
Narmada
Choryasi
Boriach
Bhagwada
LOS B
LOS C
LOS F
90. CONTD.90
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2018 2022 2026 2030 2034
V/C
Year
V/C Trend for 6-Lane VME
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
LOS B
LOS C
LOS F
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2018 2022 2026 2030 2034
V/C
Year
V/C Trend for 8-Lane VME
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
LOS B
LOS C
LOS F
91. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
The employment multiplier for region is 1.86. i.e. E = 1.86 EB.. Employment
multiplier of our districts in study regions i.e. Vadodara, Bharuch, Surat,
Navsari and Valsad are 1.54, 1.53, 2.42, 1.73 and 1.75 respectively with
1.8 value for Gujarat State.
The actual growth rate of investment and employment in region are 29%
and 21% respectively.
The traffic of NH-48 is forecasted using aggregate and disaggregate
models.
Aggregate models are developed with annual economic data
that are
Employment and investment data of region,
Employments models are performing better
91
92. CONTD.
Vehicle registration data of Gujarat, and
Vehlice registration data is able to explain traffic well
GDPIND, GSDPGUJ and GSDPMH data.
GSDPGUJ model is performing well
Disaggregate models are developed using
Regression Analysis
Bus_Truck and MAV models are not able to explain data
Moving Average with Classical Decomposition
Bus_Truck and Car models have high MAE and MAP values
ARIMA Models
Most of the models have seasonal Moving average component after
seasonal decomposition.
92
93. CONTD.
V/C Analysis
RegV, RegTV and GSDPGUJ models are showing smooth growth trend
while others are shooting up after 2019.
The highway sections have already reached capacity and the traffic is
except to grow twice of capacity by 2035.
Diversion Analysis
The diversion proportion through logit model show that mostly E-E
(through) traffic, I-E and E-I traffic will shift to proposed facility (VME).
The V/C analysis show that NH-48 and VME will operate in LOS ‘C’,
considering VME as 6-lane divided while VME can also be in LOS ‘B’
for 8-lane divided.
93
94. FUTURE SCOPE OF WORK
Change in land use pattern which is responsible for
development traffic for NH during the horizon year is likely to
be considered.
Freight demand modeling is to be included to calculate the
growth rate of freight vehicles for exclusive freight corridors.
94
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