A MOOC is a massive open online course that is accessible to unlimited participants worldwide via the internet. MOOCs allow for open sharing of videos, readings, and online activities between participants. The first MOOC was created in 2008 and used various online platforms to engage students in discussions about its topic from around the world. There are two main types of MOOCs: xMOOCs which are led by a single instructor and focus on sharing ideas, and cMOOCs where learners control their own learning goals and progress without formal assessment.