The textbook industry is facing significant disruption. To help publishers and authors get a handle on upcoming challenges and opportunities, digital textbook pioneer, June Jamrich Parsons uses Michael Porter Five Forces model to analyze the competitive forces shaping today's multi-billion dollar textbook industry.
The textbook industry continues to face significant disruption. To help publishers and authors get a handle on upcoming challenges and opportunities, digital textbook pioneer, June Jamrich Parsons surveyed textbook authors to examine trends in digital textbooks and author royalties.
Educational textbook and digital ebook publishing industry analysis with a focus on current disruptors. Are textbook prices really too high? Who profits? Why isn't digital significantly less expensive? Are alternative models scalable and sustainable? The answers to these questions may surprise you.
Student Attitudes Toward content in Higher Education: Nadine Vassallo, Projec...bisg
New insights based on over 1,600 student responses to the latest survey in BISG's ongoing study tracking the content and tools students say they actually use, points to the increasing role of technology in shaping the future of higher education
Student Attitudes Toward Content in Higher Education, with Nadine Vassallo, P...bisg
The way students learn and instructors teach is undergoing a radical shift, and the role of the traditional print "textbook" as the foundational tool for instruction is changing along with the traditional publishing model. To help shed light on these changes, BISG's Student Attitudes Toward Content in Higher Education survey continues to provide a baseline for tracking the rapid evolution underway in the higher education market. Join Nadine Vassallo, BISG's Project Manager of Research and Information, as she shares data from the most recent volume of Student Attitudes, providing an up-to-the-moment analysis of the current behavioral trends that will inform the development of the higher education industry, and learn more about how Student Attitudes can offer your practical guidance for refining your business strategies in an ever-shifting marketplace.
Student Attitudes Toward Higher Education with Nadine Vassallo, Project Manag...bisg
Nadine Vassallo examines how students interact with course content as revealed by the results of the research contained in the latest volume of Student Attitudes Toward Content in Higher Education, one of BISG's longstanding flagship studies.
The textbook industry continues to face significant disruption. To help publishers and authors get a handle on upcoming challenges and opportunities, digital textbook pioneer, June Jamrich Parsons surveyed textbook authors to examine trends in digital textbooks and author royalties.
Educational textbook and digital ebook publishing industry analysis with a focus on current disruptors. Are textbook prices really too high? Who profits? Why isn't digital significantly less expensive? Are alternative models scalable and sustainable? The answers to these questions may surprise you.
Student Attitudes Toward content in Higher Education: Nadine Vassallo, Projec...bisg
New insights based on over 1,600 student responses to the latest survey in BISG's ongoing study tracking the content and tools students say they actually use, points to the increasing role of technology in shaping the future of higher education
Student Attitudes Toward Content in Higher Education, with Nadine Vassallo, P...bisg
The way students learn and instructors teach is undergoing a radical shift, and the role of the traditional print "textbook" as the foundational tool for instruction is changing along with the traditional publishing model. To help shed light on these changes, BISG's Student Attitudes Toward Content in Higher Education survey continues to provide a baseline for tracking the rapid evolution underway in the higher education market. Join Nadine Vassallo, BISG's Project Manager of Research and Information, as she shares data from the most recent volume of Student Attitudes, providing an up-to-the-moment analysis of the current behavioral trends that will inform the development of the higher education industry, and learn more about how Student Attitudes can offer your practical guidance for refining your business strategies in an ever-shifting marketplace.
Student Attitudes Toward Higher Education with Nadine Vassallo, Project Manag...bisg
Nadine Vassallo examines how students interact with course content as revealed by the results of the research contained in the latest volume of Student Attitudes Toward Content in Higher Education, one of BISG's longstanding flagship studies.
The Inclusive Access Model, presented by Jason Lorgan, Stores Director, Unive...bisg
Jason Lorgan's presentation, given at BISG's Higher Ed Conference 2015: Adapt, Learn, Innovate, outlines an innovative new business model pioneered at the campus store at The University of California Davis that addresses student reluctance to embrace digital course material. The program's remarkably promising results for content providers and distributors include improved sell through for stores and publishers and significantly reduced student costs.
For more than 100 years, K-12 education in the US has taken place in the classroom between 8 A.M.-3 P.M. With the advent of technology, that model has changed. Discover how digital transformation is impacting the education ecosystem, both inside and outside of the classroom, with this inaugural Digital Education Survey: http://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/technology-media-and-telecommunications/articles/digital-education-survey.html?id=us:2sm:3ss:diged:eng:tmt:100716
Infographic: Awareness of OER and OEP in HE institutions ScotlandOEPScotland
The Open Educational Practices in Scotland (OEPS) Project conducted a survey to find out about the level of awareness of open educational resources (OER) and open educational practices (OEP) among HE institutions in Scotland. In total 235 valid responses were collected in a five-week period from 19th October 2015 to 23rd November 2015. This infographic highlights some of the findings. If you are interested in reading the full interim report, please visit http://www.slideshare.net/OEPScotland/awareness-of-oer-and-oep-in-scottish-higher-education-institutions-survey-results
Half of potential transfer students will not reach out to admissions until they are ready to apply. With their list of schools they are considering as small as 2-4, it's ever important to ensure you are "top of mind" for potential transfer students.
As we enter the spring recruitment season when transfer recruitment becomes a big priority for many schools, it's important to stay informed of top trends and resources for building your brand, capturing student interest, and engaging and converting prospects through enrollment.
This presentation will focus on top ways colleges are using new technology to go beyond the table in the student lounge and focus on high impact and measurable methods of finding and connecting with their prospects.
Open Educational Resources: Implementation and Impact David Wiley
An introduction to open educational resources, including definition, examples, supporting research, and pedagogical implications. Presented at the ATD DREAM Conference, 23 Feb 2017, San Francisco, CA.
Recruiting and Serving the Self Service GenerationGil Rogers
The slides from my presentation at the 2016 NACAC Conference with Mildred Johnson from Virginia Tech. It focuses on the mindset of the class of 2020 and how they are different from any class that came before them with respect to on-demand access to information.
OK. We are past the May 1 "finish line" and now have a good (or somewhat good) handle on what our class looks like for the fall ... Except there are a few issues:
Summer Melt will still happen
We need to fill upper-level courses with transfer students because of retention issues
The President decided she actually wants 20 more students than we had originally planned
Do any of these sound familiar? It's most likely that if you are not "in the top 1% of institutions" you are dealingwith one, if not all of these challenges (or others!) as you try to shift gears to 2017 but are still on the hook for 2016.
How do enrollment managers find that balance between long-term strategy and just bringing in their class? This webinar will provide some insights and suggestions for bridging short-term enrollment gaps while not sacrificing long-term strategic planning.
OER: Reducing Costs, Expanding Access, Improving Efficacy (#UNTOA16)Nicole Allen
The cost of college textbooks has grown to a point that virtually every campus is now seeking solutions. While many colleges and universities have successfully reduced costs through stop-gap measures such as rental programs and textbook reserves, the greatest potential for permanently solving the problem lies in Open Educational Resources (OER), which are academic materials that are freely available online for everyone to use, adapt, and share. Institutions across the country have begun to leverage OER to reduce textbook costs, expand access to information, and enable faculty to better tailor materials to their courses. This talk will provide an overview of the OER movement to date, how it is playing out on campus, and research showing the impact on students. It will also help frame opportunities in the open, digital environment to improve teaching, learning and research for the advancement of society.
Monetizing and Marketing Digital Textbooksdclsocialmedia
One of the most misunderstood concepts about digital textbooks is the cost. Many educational stakeholders mistakenly believe that the paper, printing, and shipping make up the bulk of the cost in producing a textbook, but the real expense is in the large panel of experts at the Ph.D. level and above. These experts work even at the most elementary levels to create the content that goes into a standards-based curriculum.
The Inclusive Access Model, presented by Jason Lorgan, Stores Director, Unive...bisg
Jason Lorgan's presentation, given at BISG's Higher Ed Conference 2015: Adapt, Learn, Innovate, outlines an innovative new business model pioneered at the campus store at The University of California Davis that addresses student reluctance to embrace digital course material. The program's remarkably promising results for content providers and distributors include improved sell through for stores and publishers and significantly reduced student costs.
For more than 100 years, K-12 education in the US has taken place in the classroom between 8 A.M.-3 P.M. With the advent of technology, that model has changed. Discover how digital transformation is impacting the education ecosystem, both inside and outside of the classroom, with this inaugural Digital Education Survey: http://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/technology-media-and-telecommunications/articles/digital-education-survey.html?id=us:2sm:3ss:diged:eng:tmt:100716
Infographic: Awareness of OER and OEP in HE institutions ScotlandOEPScotland
The Open Educational Practices in Scotland (OEPS) Project conducted a survey to find out about the level of awareness of open educational resources (OER) and open educational practices (OEP) among HE institutions in Scotland. In total 235 valid responses were collected in a five-week period from 19th October 2015 to 23rd November 2015. This infographic highlights some of the findings. If you are interested in reading the full interim report, please visit http://www.slideshare.net/OEPScotland/awareness-of-oer-and-oep-in-scottish-higher-education-institutions-survey-results
Half of potential transfer students will not reach out to admissions until they are ready to apply. With their list of schools they are considering as small as 2-4, it's ever important to ensure you are "top of mind" for potential transfer students.
As we enter the spring recruitment season when transfer recruitment becomes a big priority for many schools, it's important to stay informed of top trends and resources for building your brand, capturing student interest, and engaging and converting prospects through enrollment.
This presentation will focus on top ways colleges are using new technology to go beyond the table in the student lounge and focus on high impact and measurable methods of finding and connecting with their prospects.
Open Educational Resources: Implementation and Impact David Wiley
An introduction to open educational resources, including definition, examples, supporting research, and pedagogical implications. Presented at the ATD DREAM Conference, 23 Feb 2017, San Francisco, CA.
Recruiting and Serving the Self Service GenerationGil Rogers
The slides from my presentation at the 2016 NACAC Conference with Mildred Johnson from Virginia Tech. It focuses on the mindset of the class of 2020 and how they are different from any class that came before them with respect to on-demand access to information.
OK. We are past the May 1 "finish line" and now have a good (or somewhat good) handle on what our class looks like for the fall ... Except there are a few issues:
Summer Melt will still happen
We need to fill upper-level courses with transfer students because of retention issues
The President decided she actually wants 20 more students than we had originally planned
Do any of these sound familiar? It's most likely that if you are not "in the top 1% of institutions" you are dealingwith one, if not all of these challenges (or others!) as you try to shift gears to 2017 but are still on the hook for 2016.
How do enrollment managers find that balance between long-term strategy and just bringing in their class? This webinar will provide some insights and suggestions for bridging short-term enrollment gaps while not sacrificing long-term strategic planning.
OER: Reducing Costs, Expanding Access, Improving Efficacy (#UNTOA16)Nicole Allen
The cost of college textbooks has grown to a point that virtually every campus is now seeking solutions. While many colleges and universities have successfully reduced costs through stop-gap measures such as rental programs and textbook reserves, the greatest potential for permanently solving the problem lies in Open Educational Resources (OER), which are academic materials that are freely available online for everyone to use, adapt, and share. Institutions across the country have begun to leverage OER to reduce textbook costs, expand access to information, and enable faculty to better tailor materials to their courses. This talk will provide an overview of the OER movement to date, how it is playing out on campus, and research showing the impact on students. It will also help frame opportunities in the open, digital environment to improve teaching, learning and research for the advancement of society.
Monetizing and Marketing Digital Textbooksdclsocialmedia
One of the most misunderstood concepts about digital textbooks is the cost. Many educational stakeholders mistakenly believe that the paper, printing, and shipping make up the bulk of the cost in producing a textbook, but the real expense is in the large panel of experts at the Ph.D. level and above. These experts work even at the most elementary levels to create the content that goes into a standards-based curriculum.
Book Report 2019: Educational Publishing and Authoringjunejamrichparsons
Trends in educational publishing: Cengage, McGraw-Hill, Pearson, Houghton, Wiley, Sage; textbooks, courseware, and edtech; OER, inclusive access; what formats students like and what they spend; instructor satisfaction with course materials
Introduction to OER for Open Education Day at UTAMichelle Reed
The University of Texas at Arlington (UTA) Libraries and the Center for Research on Teaching and Learning Excellence co-sponsored Open Education Day at UTA on March 7, 2019, in Central Library. In the day's first presentation, "Introduction to OER," presenter Michelle Reed defines open educational resources (OER), examines the impact of OER use in higher education, discusses copyright and open licensing, and explores avenues for identifying existing OER that can be remixed and reused. The presentation covers updates on federal and state OER initiatives and highlights support for open educational practices at UTA, including access to and technical support for Pressbooks, a web-based publishing platform. Slides and detailed slide notes are available at http://hdl.handle.net/10106/27848.
OER and Solving the Textbook Cost Crisis (Fairfield University 10/7/15)Nicole Allen
OER and Solving the Textbook Cost Crisis (Fairfield University 10/7/15). Full video posted here: http://digitalcommons.fairfield.edu/library-presentations/2/
2011-10-27 In Search of Affordable Textbooks: How OER Can Reduce Costs (Open ...Nicole Allen
The average student spends more than $1000 on textbooks each year. Learn how OER is reversing that trend and what you can do to help.
27 October 2011
Open Education Conference
Park City, UT
#OAweek14 @ WFU: OER and Solving the Textbook Cost CrisisNicole Allen
The cost of college textbooks has grown to a point that virtually every campus is now seeking solutions. While many colleges and universities like UNCG have successfully reduced costs through stop-gap measures such as rental programs and textbook reserves, the greatest potential for permanently solving the problem lies in Open Educational Resources (OERs), which are academic materials that are freely available online for everyone to use, adapt, and share. Institutions across the country have begun to leverage OERs to reduce textbook costs, expand access to information, and enable faculty to better tailor materials to their courses. This talk will provide an overview of the OER movement to date, including how to identify OERs, how they are created, and research showing the impact on students. It will also help frame the opportunity for UNCG to advance OER right on campus.
Myth vs. Truth: The Real Story of College TextbooksAmanda Straub
Did you know the amount students spend on textbooks is one of the only college expenses that’s declining?
Here are a few myths and truths about college course materials that may be news to you…
Presentation of Eamon Costello, Zoe Wake Hyde, Aine Lynch, Tom Farrelly, James Brunton, Samantha Travaskis for the Open Education Week's fourth day webinar on "Unboxing the Textbook for an Open World" - 5 March 2020, 13:00 CET
More information and recordings of the discussion are available: http://www.eden-online.org/eden_conference/unboxing-the-textbook-for-an-open-world/
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
1. THE DIGITAL
TEXTBOOK REPORT
2014
JUNE JAMRICH PARSONS
Presented at the Text and Academic Authors Association (TAA) Conference
Baltimore, MD
June 2014
6. 0
25
50
75
100
2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
Laptop
Smartphone
Desktop
Tablet
eReader
UNDERGRADUATES OWN A VARIETY OF DEVICES
7. STUDENTS USE SEVERAL PLATFORMS
iPad
57%
Android
device
25%
Other
18%
Tablets
Kindle
59%
Nook
24%
Other
17%
E-Readers
iPhone
44%
Android
device
46%
Other
10%
Smartphones
Windows
77%Mac
20%
Other
3%
Laptops
8. Image sources: Staples and Aquafadis
FIXED LAYOUT
OR FLOWING
DIGITAL
FORMATS
ARE STILL
DEVELOPING
11. BARGAINING POWER
OF SUPPLIERS
THREAT OF
SUBSTITUTE
PRODUCTS OR
SERVICES
THREAT OF NEW
ENTRANTS
MOOCs
Boundless
Instructor-created
PIRATE
USED
DON’T BUY
BARGAINING POWER
OF BUYERS
THE TEXTBOOK PUBLISHING INDUSTRY IS CHANGING
12. IN THE PAST, THE PRIMARY COMPETITION
FROM TEXTBOOK PUBLISHERS CAME FROM
OTHER TEXTBOOK PUBLISHERS.
19. Source: Nielsen PubTrack Higher Ed
Academic
Year
New
Rental
Units
New
Rental
Sales
Used
Rental
Units
Used
Rental
Sales
2011 1,482,881 $69 M 1,642,284 $63 M
2012 3,217,487 $146 M 4,076,895 $140 M
2013 4,276,910 $194 M 7,031,335 $266 M
+188% +181% +328% +322%
$45
AV. COST
OF NEW
RENTAL
$37
AV. COST
OF USED
RENTAL
INCREASE
REVENUES FROM RENTALS ARE SOARING
21. 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
2010 2011 2012 2013
PercentofStudents
Academic Year
Amazon
eBay/Half.com
Other ecommerce
College bookstore
STUDENTS INCREASINGLY BUY FROM
ETAILERS, NOT COLLEGE BOOKSTORES
22. AUTHOR CONTRACTS TYPICALLY CONTAIN A CLAUSE THAT CUTS THE
ROYALTY RATE IN HALF FOR SALES MADE TO RETAILERS, SUCH AS
AMAZON AND CHEGG, AND WHOLESALERS
24. Educause Center for Analysis and Research
Undergraduates and IT, 2013
“MOOC is the new
textbook.”
David Finegold, Rutgers
THE HYPE ABOUT MOOCS IS
FADING, BUT
SOME SIMILAR TECHNOLOGY MAY
BE THE DEMISE OF TEXTBOOKS
25. THERE ARE
WARNING SIGNS
STUDENT
SMIGHT NOT BUY
6 out of 10
5,500
INSTRUCTIONAL
VIDEOS
100,000
PRACTICE PROBLEMS
THE NUMBER OF
Instructors WHO
DO NOT REQUIRE
TEXTBOOKS
26. Source: Nielsen PubTrack Higher Ed, stats from one
major publisher.
40%
28% 32% 29%
20%
16% 9% 10%
8%
9%
6% 5%
English Psychology Math Economics
Rent
Used
New
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
A SIGNIFICANT PERCENTAGE OF STUDENTS DO
NOT BUY OR RENT THE REQUIRED TEXTBOOK
At most, only 70% of
students get the
required textbook.
27. Analytics
CommunicationContent
Interactive
Media
Management
ELEMENTS OF SUCCESSFUL TECH-ENHANCED LEARNING SYSTEMS
Note taking, computer-scored assessment,
projects, assignments, links to ancillaries
Syllabus, calendar, student roster, test
banks
Track student progress, grading,
remediation
S2I, S2SVideos, photos, illustrations, animated
diagrams, audio, narration, accessibility,
games, simulations
Outline, objectives, progression, facts,
issues
28. REASONS TO USE A TEXTBOOK
(PRINT OR DIGITAL)
1. The textbook is a defacto contract between the instructor and students; it
encompasses the main body of knowledge that students are expected to
learn. In other words; it gives students a good idea of what's on the test.
2. Textbooks provide an organized framework for learning, unlike a collection of
random articles accessed from the Web.
3. Textbooks save you time. The author has gathered the materials for you, so
you don't have to wade through a bunch of Google results.
4. Textbooks give you the straight story. Sure there's lots of information on the
Internet, but much of it is misleading, incomplete, biased, or false.
5. Textbooks improve your grade. They contain exercises, activities, and quizzes.
78% of students believe (and the evidence supports it) that they will get
lower grades if they do not have their own copy of the required text.
6. Textbooks are a bargain. Each hour a student spends sitting in class costs
about $42; each hour spent with a textbook costs about $2.50.
29. June Jamrich Parsons is an author, educator, and digital book pioneer. She is
coauthor of the 2012 TAA McGuffey Award-winning textbook New Perspectives
on Computer Concepts and the 2014 Texty Award for the Practical Computer
Literacy series. She co-developed the first commercially successful
multimedia, interactive digital textbook; one that set the bar for platforms now
being developed by educational publishers. Her career includes extensive
classroom teaching, product design for eCourseware, textbook authoring for
Course Technology and Cengage Learning, and Creative Strategist for
MediaTechnics Corporation. She holds a doctorate in instructional technology, a
CDP (Certified Data Processing), and is a member of the Association for Computing
Machinery and a Fellow of the Text and Academic Authors Association (TAA).
Editor's Notes
The textbook industry is huge—14 billion dollars annual sales. Five billion from college book sales. The sheer number of dollars (and students) has attracted all manner of businesses, many of them intending to disrupt the traditional publisher-bookstore model.
Although sales of ebooks in general increased quite dramatically from 2010 to 2011, the trend seems to be leveling off. Digital textbooks are still struggling to take off, though now it seems that about 40% of college students have used at least one digital textbook in the past two years.
The biggest reason students give for hanging on to print is that they can sell used books at a good price. Reason #2 is that print is comfortable, even for students who are classified as digital natives.
According to data from Nielsen Pubtrack, the price of digital is approaching the price of print, but that seems disputable unless the print price takes into consideration new, used, and rentals.
Although students experimented with tablets, that platform does not appear to the major one used by undergraduates. Laptops are the device of choice, giving students a good size screen, full keyboard, and access to full featured applications. Smartphones are also pervasive, but have limitations for schoolwork.
Close to 90% of college students own a laptop. The Mac market share is higher at 4-yr institutions, especially doctoral institutions. There are also more Macs at Canadian institutions. At most institutions, enough students use both platforms to warrant supporting both Windows and OS X. Although iPhones currently enjoy great popularity, Gartner predicts a surge in Android phone ownership in the coming years.
When classifying ebook technologies, an important factor is whether they are fixed or flowing. Flowing formats have similarities to e-readers, such as the Kindle, and to Web pages. Text flows to fill the screen regardless of pagination. Fixed formats have similarities to PDFs in that the position of graphics and columns is stable and there can be a page-for-page correspondence between a printed textbook and its digital incarnation. PDFs have gotten a sullied reputation as a textbook platform, even though they contain the same information as printed textbooks, but adding media and interaction creates a superior learning environment.
Interaction is one of the keys of effective learning. Most interactive textbook technologies provide computer-scored response. The next question is: What happens to that response? Can it be stored locally if an Internet connection is not at hand, and can it be sent to a learning management system (LMS) so an instructor can keep track of student progress?
The major digital textbook technologies available today have varying capabilities. No single platform appears ready to emerge.
Michael Porter proposed the Five Forces Model, which helps sort out the pressures on an industry that is in transformation. We can use his model to look at the textbook publishing industry in order to get a handle on the possible effect of various disruptors. For textbook publishers, the bargaining power of suppliers has minimal relevance. The other four factors, however, are important to consider.
Traditionally, the main threats to textbook publishers have come from other publishers in the same industry. So, Pearson competes with Cengage, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, Wiley, and the rest of the crew. These companies all have similar business models and in the past have been able to maintain something of a competitive equilibrium based on honing this traditional model.
New entrants can challenge traditional market leaders. Before the advent of digital, barriers to entry were high; textbook publishing required a huge sales force and a bevy of authors, editors, and compositors. The upfront investment in product development and printing was enormous. Digital reduced many of the barriers and several challengers stepped into the marketplace.
Boundless provides low cost alternatives to standard college textbooks. While the average price of an assigned textbook is $175, Boundless sells an online textbook covering the same subject matter for $20. The search feature of the Boundless textbook allows the student to find the information that matches the content of the textbook pages assigned by the professor. Flatworld Knowledge offers over 100 online textbooks, which professors can customize for their courses. Students purchase an individual textbook for $20, or a “Study Pass” to the entire catalogue for a higher flat fee. Bookboon employs an advertising model to make 1000 textbooks available for free download.
A number of initiatives to supply free or very low cost textbooks have taken shape, funded by for-profit and non-profit organizations, foundations, and state governments. Can these initiatives supply high-quality materials and are they sustainable through the development of subsequent editions? Several attempts, such as Flatworld Knowledge, have floundered. The jury is still out on other initiatives.
Buyers include instructors who adopt books for a course, and students who ultimately are the consumers.
Actual BLS data shows a 285 point increase in CPI for textbooks from 1989-2014
Authors should check their contracts to determine if rentals are included and if so, determine their royalty rate. Rentals are returned at the end of the rental period. Authors should make certain that these “returns” are not debited on royalty statements.
Rentals sold through PubTrack Higher Education Suppliers, not including Chegg. Authors need information on how rentals are reflected on royalty statements. When the publisher rents books directly to students, the royalty should be clear, but is it at the full royalty rate or ½ the rate? What about rentals through third parties, such as Amazon? Do these parties purchase the book from the publisher and then subsequently rent it out? Does the author receive a royalty on the sales to the wholesaler and is the royalty rate full or half?
Online tools help students shop for the best price, which is decreasingly from the publisher. Where do author royalties come into the picture? How are they computed?
As more textbooks are sold through Amazon and other etailers, authors may see a precipitous drop in their royalties because the royalty rate for those sales is half the regular rate.
Will textbooks go the way of the buggywhip? When horses were retired for gasoline-fired “horsepower,” buggywhips didn’t evolve; they became obsolete. Might MOOCs, online courseware, and educational apps supplant textbooks?
Judging from the plethora of articles about MOOCs in the Chronicle of Higher Education over the past two years, it is surprising that very few students know what they are and even fewer students have participated in one. Though the bloom is off the rose, MOOCs provide an object lesson. Textbooks are not an absolutely necessary part of the learning experience.
Especially troubling is the trend for instructors NOT to require a textbook, and instead use alternative materials, such as free online content.
The statistics are astounding: In the best of cases, only 70% of the students in a course purchase the required textbook.
What might ultimately replace textbooks? The features of technology-enhanced learning systems are falling into place. Textbooks, as content, are only one element of this over-arching umbrella. Authors may want to consider how their role may evolve.
And yet, textbooks (whether print or digital) have numerous benefits. The question is: Can authors and publishers build on this foundation to evolve a productive set of learning technologies within an industry that is besieged with disruption? We will continue to gather information to track evolving developments.