The digestive system breaks down food into nutrients that the body can use for energy. It is a long process starting in the mouth and ending when waste leaves the rectum, taking around 10-20 hours. Key organs like the stomach and small intestine play important roles in digestion by breaking down proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. The system provides nutrients to fuel everyday activities while problems can arise if digestion is disrupted.

1. The Digestive System by: Ashley Jones

2. What is the Digestive System? * The Digestive System is the process which our bodies turn food into energy* What is the energy used for? *Energy gives us the boost we need to go to work, clean the house, and do everyday tasks*

3. The STOMACH ~The stomach is one of the MAJOR organs in the digestive system. In the stomach is where the proteins and fats are digested and the nutrients are absorbed by the enzymes. What are enzymes? Enzymes are gastric juices containing hydrochloric acid and digestive chemicals that help get rid of the food. Did you Know? In the stomach, there is A thick, slimy, mucus as the lining so the stomach’s gastric acid doesn’t digest itself.

4. The Journey The process of the Digestive System goes through many organs. The whole “journey” of the food passing through the body can take anywhere from 10-20 hours. Mouth - This is where the food is chewed. – 1 min Throat – Here, the food is swallowed . – 2-4 sec. Esophagus – The esophagus carries the food to the small intestine where it is turned to solid waste. - 5-10 hours Stomach – This is where the food begins to be mashed and partially digested. – 3-6 hours Small Intestine – In this organ, the partially digested food has enzymes added to it. – 2-4 hours Large Intestine – This is where the leftovers of the small intestine are turned to solid waste. -5-10 hours Rectum – The rectum is where the solid waste is stored. – 5-8 hours

5. Did YOU know... … that 90% of the digestion of food happens in your small intestine? … that your liver is your biggest single organ IN your body? … every human eats an average of 500 kilograms of food each year ( that’s the equivalent to about 1,100 lbs. )?

6. Glands in the... Digestive System Salivary Glands – Saliva in the mouth contains a certain enzyme that helps digest starches. Stomach Lining – The lining in our stomachs have Glands which contain enzymes that digest protein. Digestive Juices – The digestive juices in the Pancreas produce an enormous variety of juice enzymes which digest the carbs, fats, and extra protein. Liver – In the liver a bile is produced ( a type of digestive juice ), and during meals it is squeezed out of the gallbladder and mixes with the food to help dissolve fat.

7. Food & Nutrients An average adult With a job needs: Carbs – 300 grams Protein – 50 grams Fats – 60 grams The six main food groups are: Protein Carbs Fats Vitamins Minerals fibers

8. Good vs. Evil

9. An average adult also needs: * .06 grams of vitamin C * 1 gram of calcium * .00008 grams of vitamin K * .018 grams of iron * 3.4 grams of chloride Carbohydrates – While being digested, the carbs are broken down into smaller pieces like sugar. Carbs are the body’s main source of energy. This energy is used for all muscle movement like heartbeat, breathing, and running. Most carbs are found in bread, rice, wheat, barley, potatoes, corn, bananas, strawberries, chocolate, and many other foods. Fats and Oils - Unlike carbs, the fats are broken down into lipids, which are small pieces of fat. These lipids are used to make nerves and energy that the carbs are missing. However, too much fat can cause high blood pressure. Fat can be found in red meat, fish, eggs, milk, cheese, avocados, olives, and peanuts.

10. DISEASES Digestive Sys. problems cause Americans $50 billion a year! Appendicitis – Material such as hardened fecal gets Stuck in appendix and causes inflammation. Gastroesophageal – This is caused when acid and enzymes from stomach back up in the esophagus and burn its lining. This is also known as Heart Burn. Diarrhea – Diarrhea is the body’s way of quickly getting rid of bacteria. This is normally Caused by loose bowels. Food Poisoning – Food Poisoning is usually caused by undercooked or raw seafood or vegetables. It normally causes nausea and vomiting.

11. The End... Mmmmm....FOOD

12. CREDITS: Designer: Ashley Jones Producer: Ashley Jones Writer: Ashley Jones Person who assigned the project: Mrs. Spangler