The document discusses differentiating instruction to meet the varied needs of students. It explains that differentiation means creating multiple paths for students to learn based on their abilities, interests, and needs. Some ways to differentiate include varying content, process, product, and assessments based on students' readiness levels, interests, and learning profiles. The document provides examples of differentiation strategies like using flexible grouping, leveled activities and materials, anchoring activities, and compacting the curriculum. It emphasizes that differentiation allows students to be appropriately challenged and gets away from a "one-size-fits-all" approach.