This document discusses the development of different forms of societies throughout history based on social and economic factors. It describes hunting and gathering societies as the earliest and simplest form, followed by pastoral, horticultural, agrarian, feudal, industrial, and post-industrial societies as technology and specialization advanced. While societies became more complex over time, the human person remains the central focus and driver of social change. Students are asked to relate these societal forms to the historical development of Philippine society by creating a timeline.

1. The Human Person in the
Society:
“Different forms of Societies”
ELMER G. CABANILLAS

2. Let’s do a Recap:
▶What is SOCIAL CONTRACT?
▶Who are the SOCIAL PHILOSOPHERS?
▶How did the Social Philosophers define
the SOCIAL CONTRACT Theory?

3. The Social Contract Theory:
▶It emerged during the Enlightenment Period of
human history.
▶Philosopher living during this time are called
SOCIAL PHILOSOPHERS.
▶They pondered on the natural laws that govern
human societies, and their mostly revolved on
the formation of societies.

4. For Thomas Hobbes? What is a
“natural state”?
How does Thomas
Hobbes define
“social contract”?

5. For John Locke? What is a “natural
state”?
What is the meaning of the
concept “consent of the
governed”?

6. For Jean-Jacques Rousseau? What is a
“natural state”?
What is the meaning of
the concept “general
will”?

7. ▶John Rawls’
“Theory on
Original
Position”

8. Wait I’m still here:
▶David Gauthier’s
idea on
“self-interest”

9. Different Forms of Society:
Hunting and Gathering Society:
▶ Recognized as the earliest and simplest form of society.
▶ Small size and is composed of mainly of families
▶ Nomadic- No permanent territory
▶ Hierarchy is vey varied
▶ Members are treated equally .

10. Different Forms of Society:
Pastoral Society
▶ Domestication of animals for food.
▶ Have larger populations than hunting and gathering
▶ Often produce surplus food and resources.
▶ The emergence of specialized tasks in community.

11. Different Forms of Society:
Horticultural Society
▶Engages in the small-scale cultivation of plants
▶Semi-Nomadic
▶Roles and Responsibilities are more clearly defined.
▶Produces also surplus of goods

12. Different Forms of Society:
Agrarian and Argicultural Society
▶ Further evolution of pastoral and horticultural
▶ Large scale and long term-cultivation of crops and domestication
▶ Improved technology and use tools to aid in farming
▶ Structured Social System
▶ Complex Social Organization
▶ Growing importance of territory

13. Different Forms of Society:
Feudal Society
▶ Based on the ownership of land
▶ Started in Western Europe during Medieval Times
▶Rulers grant their followers right to manage parcels
of land.
▶ Members are organized based on status.

14. Different Forms of Society:
Industrial Society
▶Based on the use of specialized machinery in the
production of goods and services.
▶ The evolution of the advances of Science and
Technology
▶ Improvement of Trade and Commerce.
▶ Work is done in factories
▶ Significant departure from Agrarian Society.
▶ Capitalist or business owners are influential

15. Different Forms of Society:
Post-Industrial Society
▶The establishment of societies based on knowledge,
information, and sale of services.
▶Have higher educational attainment
▶The rise of communication technology and Internet
▶It is called also as
“THE VIRTUAL SOCIETY”

16. The growth and development of various
forms of societies highlight the growing
complexity of human interactions over time.
The technological advance and cultural
changes that brought about these changes
result in expansion of communities that
now include people from varied ethnicities.

17. But despite these advancements and
changes, the human person still remains
the heart and center of society. The
person is the primary agent of change,
as he or she drives social changes based
on responses to events and
developments affecting society.

18. Group Activity:
Relate the discussion on the development of the
forms of society to the historical development of
Philippine society. Make a timeline identifying
which period in our history corresponds to each
form of society. Present and discuss your work in
class.
(10 minutes only)