Diesel power plants use diesel engines as the prime mover to generate electricity. They are suitable for small to medium outputs up to 5MW. The key components of a diesel power plant include the diesel engine, fuel system, intake system, exhaust system, cooling system, lubricating system, starting/stopping system, and governing system. The generator converts the mechanical energy from the engine into electrical energy. Diesel power plants have advantages such as small size, quick start-up, and lower capital costs compared to steam plants. However, their operating costs are higher due to fuel costs and they are limited to outputs below 15MW.

1. Diesel Power Plant Complete
Description
Anil B. Aasodariya
150010119001
Internal Combustion Engine
ME (02)

2. Diesel Power Plant
Diesel power plant is power plant in which a diesel engine
is used as the primemover for the generation of electical
energy.
Diesel engine works on internal combustion principle as the
fuel burns inside the engine cylinder and the products of
this combustion work as a woeking fluid which generate
mechanical energy.
 Diesel Power plant is suitable for small and medium
outputs.
Diesel power plant in common use have capacities upto 5
MW.

3.  Diesel Power Plant Layout

4.  Essential Components of Diesel Power
Plant And Their Functions
1. Engine :-
→This is main component of he power plant. The function of engine is to
develop mechanical power of generator.
→The diesel engines used for diesel power plants may be four or two stroke
engines. Nowdays, high diesel oil price and hence high operating cost of two
stroke engine is favoured to use four stroke diesel engines for plants.
2. Fuel System :-
→It consists of fuel storage tank, daily consumption tank, fuel transfer pump,
strainer, fuel filters and fuel injection pump.
→The functions of fuel system are (i) to transfer fuel from storage tank to daily
consumption tank, (ii) to increase pressure of fuel, (iii) to filter, (iv) to measure
and control the supply and (v) to inject and atomize the fuel in the engine
cylinders.

5. 3. Intake System :-
→ It consists of air supply pipe, air filters and supercharger in case of
supercharge engine.
→ The functions of air intake system are (i) to clean air, (ii) to supply air for
superchargerging in case of supercharge engine and (iii) to reduce the
noise of air intake.
4. Exhaust System :-
→ It consists of piping from engine to a point where exhaust gases may be
discharged without danger or annoyance.
→ A silencer is usually incorporated in this system to reduce the noise level.

6. 5. Cooling System :-
→ The function of cooling system is to provide proper amount of water
circulation all around the engine to remove the part of heat from engine
cylinder keeping the low temperature at predefined level.
→ The cooling system consists of water jecket, jacket water pump, surge
tank, cooling tower, raw water pump and heat exchanger.
6. Lubricating System :-
→ It consists of lubricating oil tank, pump, filter and lubricating oil cooler.
→ The function of lubricating system is to provides a poper amount of oil to
minimise friction and wear of the rubbing parts.
→ The oil cooler is installed in order to keep the temperature of lubricating oil
low in order to sustain the property of lubricating oil.

7. 7. Starting And Stopping System :-
→ The starting system is used to rotate the engine initially while starting until
firing starts and unit runs in its own power.Small diesel engine plants are
usully started manually by handles but for large capaciety engine the
compressed air system is mostly used for starting system.
→ Battery driven motors can also be used for starting the diesel engine.
→ the engine can be stopped by stopping fuel supply to the injection pump or
stopping the action of injection pump.
8. Governing System :-
→ The function of governing system to maintain constant speed of engine
irrespective of load of plant.

8. → The engine power is controlled by changing the fuel air ratio delivered into
the engine cylinder with respect to load on engine.
→ The fuel supply stationary diesel engine is mostly controlled by centrifugal
governor.
9. Elecrical Generator :-
→ The function of generator or alternator is to convert the mechanical energy
of engine into elecrical energy.
→ The generator shaft is coupled with the engine shaft.
→ They are provided with automatic regulators to allow close voltage
regulation and satisficatory parallel operation.

9.  Advantages Of Diesel Power Plant :-
→ The size of the plant is comparatively small for the same capacity.
→ Diesel engine can be started up and brought into service within minute. It don't
requierd any short of preperation or warming time. Also, plant can be respond to
varying loads without any difficulty.
→ The cooling water required for same capacity is cosiderably less than thermal
power plant.
→ installation and commissioning of plant required very less time.
→ The thermal efficiency of diesel power plants are more than steam power plant
in the range of 150MW capacity.
→ The over all capital cost including installation per unit of installed capacity is less
than that of steam power plant.
→ The layout, design and construction of founations and buildings for diesel power
plant are simple and cheap.
→ Diesel power plant requires less space because of minimun auxiliaries and free
from ash handling problems.

10. → In contrast with a steam power plant, diesel power plant efficiency falls off very
little with use.
→ Diesel power plant being simpler in operation requireds less operating,
maintanance and suoervising staff as copmared to that of the thermal power
plants.
Disadvantages Of Diesel Power Plant :-
→ Operating cost of plant is very high cost due to high cost of diesel oil as fuel.
→ Maintenance and lubrication cost is also high as compared to other power plant.
→ Noise from the exhaust is serious problem. However proper exhaust silencer cn
minimizes this faults.
→ The economical size of the plant is limited to above 15MW as the plant cost and
floor area is directly proportional to the size.
→ Diesel power plant can not supply overloads continuously
→ Diesel power plant useful life is very less about 10years.