Diabetes mellitus is a long-term illness caused by the high amount of glucose levels in the blood, this presentation explains its types, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention briefly.

1. Prepared by:
Radwan Rushdi Mohammed
Diabetes Mellitus

2. Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes is a long term illness which caused by the high amount of glucose levels in the blood
We have two main types of diabetes
Type 1
Type 1 is very common in young ages and
the risk factors is either by genetic or the
environment
Type 2
Type 2 is very common in old ages and the
risk factors for Type 2 are
obese, inactivity, etc
Treatment for type 1
Is just by injection
Treatment for type 2
Are group of drugs like
biguanides and other
inhibitor groups

3. Immune cells destroy
beta cells in pancreas
Pancreas cannot
produce insulin
More glucose
in the blood
Insulin
moves
glucose
to cells
Glucose
Pancreas
produces
insulin

4. Irritability
Weight loss
Frequent
urination
Blurred
vision
Increasing thirst
fatigue
Extreme hunger

7. HIGH BLOOD
PRESSURE
AGE
PANCREAS
DIABETES
OBESITY
GENETIC
PREDIPOSIYION
SEDENTARY
LIFESTYLE
STRESS
UNHEALTHY
FOOD
MEDICINE

8. Symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes

9. This type effects females during pregnancy .some women have very high levels of glucose in their
blood , and their bodies are unable to produce enough insulin to transport all of the glucose into
their cells , resulting in the progressively rising levels of glucose .
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GMD)
Risk factors for GDM are:
1- Women who are overweight or obese .
2- Gaining too much weight during pregnancy.
3- Having a family history of diabetes .

10. A1C
The A1C test is a blood test that provides
information about your average levels of blood
glucose, over the past 3 months. The A1C test can be
used to diagnose type 2 diabetes and prediabetes.
FPG
The fasting plasma glucose test (FPG) is the
preferred method of screening for diabetes. The
FPG measures a person's blood sugar level after
fasting or not eating anything for at least 8 hours.
Diagnosis and tests

11. OGTT
oral glucose tolerance test, measures your body's
response to sugar (glucose). The glucose tolerance
test can be used to screen for type 2 diabetes. More
commonly, a modified version of the glucose
tolerance test is used to diagnose gestational
diabetes, a type of diabetes that develops during
pregnancy
A random glucose test is one method for measuring
the levels of glucose in the blood at any given point
in the day. It is useful to because glucose levels in
healthy people do not vary widely throughout the
day
 Randoming test isn’t used to diagnose diabetes
Random blood sugar (RBS)

12. Prevention of Diabetes
QUIT
ALCHOHOL
WEIGHT
LOSS
SPLIT
MEALS
EAT HIGH
FIBER FIET
AVOID
SEDENTARY
LIFESTYLE
DRINK
LOTS OF
WATER
DO NOT
EAT JUNK
FOOD
QUIT
SMOKING
HEALTHY
DIET
EXECISE

13. Treatment for type 1 diabetes includes:
1- Taking insulin
2- Carbohydrate, fat and protein counting
3- Frequent blood sugar monitoring
4- Eating healthy foods
5- Exercising regularly and maintaining a healthy weight
Treatment for Diabetes
Management of type 2 diabetes includes:
1- Healthy eating
2- Regular exercise
3- Weight loss
4- Possibly, diabetes medication or insulin therapy
5- Blood sugar monitoring