Diabetes is a disease caused by high blood sugar levels due to the pancreas not producing enough insulin or the body developing insulin resistance. There are two main types - type 1 results from no insulin production while type 2 is from insulin resistance. Diabetes affects many body systems like the immune, cardiovascular, nervous, and muscular systems and increases risks of infections, heart disease, neuropathy, and injuries. Prevention methods include eating breakfast, losing weight if obese, daily physical activity, and limiting soda and fast food. Treatment depends on the type, with type 1 requiring lifelong insulin injections and type 2 often managed through insulin pumps.