The document describes the development of several structures in the brain, including the pineal body, pituitary gland, thalamus, hypothalamus, and optic cup and stalk. It notes that the diencephalon forms the lateral walls and is divided into dorsal and ventral portions by the hypothalamic sulcus. The thalami proliferate and meet in the midline, while the hypothalamus forms nuclei involved in functions like sleep, digestion, blood pressure and temperature regulation. The pituitary gland develops from Rathke's pouch and the infundibulum, with the anterior lobe forming from cell proliferation and the posterior lobe forming the neurohypophysis. The pineal body develops from an epithelial ev

2.  Pineal body
 Pituitary
 Thalamus
 Hypothalamus
 Optic cup and stalk

3.  3rd ventricle

4.  Roof plate and 2 alar plates
 Basal plates and floor plates absent

5.  Single layer of ependymal cells covered
by a thin layer of vascular mesenchyme.
Together constituting tela choroidea and
choroid plexus

6.  Form lateral walls of diencephalon
 Divided into a dorsal(thalamus)and
ventral(Hypothalamus)portion by a
transverse groove called hypothalamic
sulcus

7.  Active proliferation of thalami causes
them to bulge inside the lumen of 3rd
ventricle and eventually they meet in
midline by massa intermedia or
Interthalamic connexus/adhesion

8.  Forms a no. of nuclei concerned with
visceral functions like
 Sleep
 Digestion
 Blood pressure
 Temperature Regulation
 MAMILLARY BODIES: Develop as
protuberance on ventral surface of
hypothalamus one on each side of midline

9.  2 fold origin
 1) Rathke’s pouch:An ectodermal
outgrowth from stomodeum just in front
of buccopharygeal membrane
 2)Infundibulum: A downgrowth from
diencephalon

10.  Rathke’s pouch soon loses its connection
from stomodeum and comes in close
contact with infundibulun

11.  ANTERIOR WALL:
 Cells undergo proliferation producing
ant.lobe of pituitary/Adenohypophysis
 PARS TUBERALIS:A small extension of this
lobe around the stalk of infundibulum

12.  POSTERIOR WALL:
 Forms pars intermedia that seem to have
no significance in humans

13.  Two parts
stalk and infundibulum
 Forms pars nervosa/Post.pituitary
lobe/Neurohypophysis(contains
neuroglia and nerve fibres of neurons in
hypothalamic nuclei)

14.  Appears as epithelial evaginations from the
caudal most part of roof plate
 Eventually develops as a solid organ on the
roof of mesencephalon
 Frequently Calcium gets deposited inside it
which becomes visible on radiographs of
skull
 FUNCTION: Serve as pathways through
which light and darkness affect and control
endocrine and behavioral rhythms.