This document discusses developing climate-smart crop strategies through "zoom-ins", or in-depth analyses of specific crop/region combinations. It asks questions about how to determine which zoom-ins to focus on, funding, and integrating local projects. Key points discussed include the need to integrate information on institutional priorities, climate change vulnerability and potential gains, while considering practical issues. The document also discusses how breeders can participate in climate adaptation research and tapping existing climate modeling work from research centers.

1. Developing sound climate-smart strategies
based on zoom-ins
Michael Dingkuhn, CIRAD-IRRI-CCAFS
“Developing Climate-Smart Crops for a 2030 World” Workshop
ILRI, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 6-8 December 2011

2. Questions on zoom-ins
• Rice, sorghum, beans, banana/plantain
• How many zoom-ins per species?
• Selection criteria?
• Funding per zoom-in?
• Integration with local / international projects?
• Breeder interactions?
• Modeling support?

3. Typologies: 1. crop type
Rice Sorghum
Rainfed Traditional Improved
Irrigated Upland African
FF/FFF
Lowland grain
Direct Favorable
… … … …
seeded intensive
Trans Unfav’ble
… … … …
planted extensive
Typologies: 2. Region
Monsoonal WA LA
SE Asia Savannahs Savannahs
… … …
EA mid- WA
IGP highlands Savannahs
… … …
Sahel … … … … …

4. Typologies:
3. Institutional priorities & CC-specific analyses
• NARS home priorities
• CG centres’ regional/global typologies & stats
• New info on vulnerability to CC
• New info on potential gains from CC
Need to integrate info, also consider practical issues,
construct a doable program

5. Key questions
– How many zoom-ins? Which ones? Criteria?
– How can breeders participate in CC adaptation research?
– There is a lot of CC adaptation research going on in CG centers, including
modeling. How can we tap into it while maintaining NARS focus?
Key statements (may be right or wrong)
– Land/food will be the «oil» of the 2030s. Forget about traditional systems.
Focus radically on intensification
– Breeders only need to know the environments they will breed for. No
need for models, we know what we have to do
– Breeders have been most successful when going for yield, not
physiological adaptations. But this will change with genomic
selection, where we will need tailored ideotype concepts
– Focus more on opportunities coming from CC (e.g., CO2 fertilization; less
chilling & more rain in some areas); For the constraints, trust in agronomy
& risk management

6. Extra materials

7. Evolution of rice genetic ‘Immortalized’ 2K O.
sativa reference panel
diversity platform
2000+ lines genome- 10500 lines wild
1st
rice 20 varieties wide SNP & cultivated
genome accessions
genome-wide SNP Association genetics
sequenced sequenced
platform
2012
2005 2008 2011
O. meridionalis
Indica
Aus
Admixed Aromatic & O. rufipogon
Admixed Japonica (Papua New Guinea)
Aromatic

8. Global Rice Phenotyping Network of GRiSP++
Yield potential
Photosynthetic
potential
Plant type, architecture
Heat, chilling
Drought
Salinity
Early vigor CO2
FACE
Crowdingl

9. The molecular breeding revolution
must aim at future CO2 levels

10. Objective: Doubling of CO2:
Doubling of an external resource,
Not only measuring 500
as long as it is limiting:
CO2 impact; Large increase of biomass, OR
=> optimising CO2 use ppm Halving of collateral losses (transpiration)
in crops! Limitations from PAR & N?
400
300 2050
Time to develop new variety
Green revolution
Pre-industrial Genomic revolution
Molecular breeding
200
Massive opportunity for breeding?

11. FACE facility design
FACE
75m office
75m
A FACE facility on IRRI farm with 8 rings (4 ambient [green] and 4 elevated CO2 [orange]) each
of size 25m diameter (300m2) on a 20 acre area
1m buffer zone
Individual plots
28.8m2 check plot
Walkways
GRiSP:
Plans for a phenotyping/breeding
25.0 m Field platform with enhanced CO2