Storage of commodities at low temperature increases the shelf life. Proper understanding of storage system is necessary for desire cooling effect. Basic information regarding refrigeration is explained here. Design parameters are also give to be considered.
Unit operation in Food Processing. Preliminary Unit operation
Cleaning, sorting & Grading - aims, methods and applications
2. Size Reduction and Sieve Analysis
Theory of comminution; Calculation of energy required during size reduction. Crushing efficiency; Size reduction equipment; Size reduction of fibrous, dry and liquid foods; effects of size reduction on sensory characteristics and nutritive value of food
Sieving: Separation based on size (mesh size); types of screens; effectiveness of screens
3. Mixing
Mixing, Agitating, kneading, blending, homogenization and related equipment
4. Separation Processes
Principles of Filtration, Sedimentation, Crystallization and Distillation and equipment used
Storage of commodities at low temperature increases the shelf life. Proper understanding of storage system is necessary for desire cooling effect. Basic information regarding refrigeration is explained here. Design parameters are also give to be considered.
Unit operation in Food Processing. Preliminary Unit operation
Cleaning, sorting & Grading - aims, methods and applications
2. Size Reduction and Sieve Analysis
Theory of comminution; Calculation of energy required during size reduction. Crushing efficiency; Size reduction equipment; Size reduction of fibrous, dry and liquid foods; effects of size reduction on sensory characteristics and nutritive value of food
Sieving: Separation based on size (mesh size); types of screens; effectiveness of screens
3. Mixing
Mixing, Agitating, kneading, blending, homogenization and related equipment
4. Separation Processes
Principles of Filtration, Sedimentation, Crystallization and Distillation and equipment used
Size reduction is a process of reducing large solid unit masses into small unit masses, coarse particles or fine particles.
Size reduction process is also termed as
Comminution/Diminution/Pulverizations.
Solid pieces of food is reduced by the
application of grinding, compression
or impact forces.
In many food processes it is frequently
necessary to reduce the size of solid
materials for different purposes
Status and scope of fruits and vegetables industry in India, classification, composition and nutritive value of fruits and vegetables
2. Preparatory Operations and Related Equipments (05 hrs)
Cleaning, sorting, grading, peeling and blanching methods
3. a) Ingredients and processes for the manufacture of: (08 hrs)
i) jam, jellies, marmalade, preserves, (ii) pickles and chutneys
b) Defects and factors affecting the quality of above
4. Tomato Products (04 hrs)
Ingredients and their role, process for the manufacture of tomato ketchup, sauce, puree and paste.
5. Juices (04 hrs)
Raw materials, extraction, classification, processing and aseptic packaging
6. Thermal Processing of Fruits and Vegetables (08 hrs)
History, definition, various techniques of thermal processing and their effects on the quality of fruits and vegetable products, types of containers and their selection, spoilage of canned foods
7. a) Dehydration of fruits; equipment and process for dehydration of plums, apricot, apple, fig, grapes peach etc (04 hrs)
b) Dehydration of Vegetables: equipment and process for dehydration of peas, cauliflower, potato, methi, mushroom, tomato etc
c) Osmo-dehydration – basic concept and applications
8. Freezing (04 hrs)
Freezing process of selected fruits and vegetables: peas, beans, cauliflower, apricot, mushroom – changes during freezing and spoilage of frozen foods
9. Food Laws and FPO standards for fruits and vegetable products (04 hrs)
10. By-products utilization
Environmental issues related to food industrySalman Muhammad
Environmental issues related to food industry
including health and environmental impacts that can be caused by the products and practices of food industry.
Introduction
Environmental issues
Water Use and Water Pollution
Food Packaging
Climate/Atmospheric Change
Soil biodiversity and desertification
Waste treatment
>>>>>>>Health issues
Today’s trend
Processed food
Modern invention
Effects on health
complete references has been added for ease of furthur data collection,Thank you!
Regards:
Salman Muhammad
Cryogenic grinding in food is a very new technique. It has a vast advantages over the conventional grinding process. This presentation contents a brief introduction about conventional grinding, different types of grinders and problems of conventional grinders. Its also describe a brief introduction about cryogenic grinding, its components, uses and various advantages.
Size reduction is a process of reducing large solid unit masses into small unit masses, coarse particles or fine particles.
Size reduction process is also termed as
Comminution/Diminution/Pulverizations.
Solid pieces of food is reduced by the
application of grinding, compression
or impact forces.
In many food processes it is frequently
necessary to reduce the size of solid
materials for different purposes
Status and scope of fruits and vegetables industry in India, classification, composition and nutritive value of fruits and vegetables
2. Preparatory Operations and Related Equipments (05 hrs)
Cleaning, sorting, grading, peeling and blanching methods
3. a) Ingredients and processes for the manufacture of: (08 hrs)
i) jam, jellies, marmalade, preserves, (ii) pickles and chutneys
b) Defects and factors affecting the quality of above
4. Tomato Products (04 hrs)
Ingredients and their role, process for the manufacture of tomato ketchup, sauce, puree and paste.
5. Juices (04 hrs)
Raw materials, extraction, classification, processing and aseptic packaging
6. Thermal Processing of Fruits and Vegetables (08 hrs)
History, definition, various techniques of thermal processing and their effects on the quality of fruits and vegetable products, types of containers and their selection, spoilage of canned foods
7. a) Dehydration of fruits; equipment and process for dehydration of plums, apricot, apple, fig, grapes peach etc (04 hrs)
b) Dehydration of Vegetables: equipment and process for dehydration of peas, cauliflower, potato, methi, mushroom, tomato etc
c) Osmo-dehydration – basic concept and applications
8. Freezing (04 hrs)
Freezing process of selected fruits and vegetables: peas, beans, cauliflower, apricot, mushroom – changes during freezing and spoilage of frozen foods
9. Food Laws and FPO standards for fruits and vegetable products (04 hrs)
10. By-products utilization
Environmental issues related to food industrySalman Muhammad
Environmental issues related to food industry
including health and environmental impacts that can be caused by the products and practices of food industry.
Introduction
Environmental issues
Water Use and Water Pollution
Food Packaging
Climate/Atmospheric Change
Soil biodiversity and desertification
Waste treatment
>>>>>>>Health issues
Today’s trend
Processed food
Modern invention
Effects on health
complete references has been added for ease of furthur data collection,Thank you!
Regards:
Salman Muhammad
Cryogenic grinding in food is a very new technique. It has a vast advantages over the conventional grinding process. This presentation contents a brief introduction about conventional grinding, different types of grinders and problems of conventional grinders. Its also describe a brief introduction about cryogenic grinding, its components, uses and various advantages.
As an undergraduate, I have balanced a rigorous course load and a number of extracurricular activities that have allowed me to enhance my skills relevant to this role. Specific to engineering, through my academic project work I have developed abilities in 3 - D design and modeling, an understanding of materials, and have practiced different manufacturing technologies. For example, in my Machine Design and Manufacturing course, I along with two teammates created mechanical drawings and designs in SolidWorks and got selected for National Project design contest through top 12 finalists in AAKRUTI 2018 conducted by Dassault Systemes-La foundation. I attended SWW19 @USA on Feb 10-13, 2019 for my project showcase .We then modeled, machined and assembled the parts of a working CNC machine, meeting or exceeding all requirements and deadlines. I have also developed the strong interpersonal and communication skills required to succeed as the Summer Research intern; in addition to academic team projects that require collaboration and strong writing and presentation skills, I have been selected by my peers for a leadership role within BIT’s SAE-BAJA team, and am an active member of our IEE chapter. Throughout all of my experiences, I have used my dedication to efficient and creative problem solving and my ability to prioritize and manage competing demands to positive ends.
Now-a-day’s pedal powered grinding machine is used only for grinding purpose. Also, it requires lots of efforts
and limited for single application use. Another problem in existing model is that it consumed more time and also has
lower efficiency. Our aim is to design a human powered grinding machine which can also be used for many purposes
like pumping, grinding, washing, cutting, etc. it can carry water to a height 8 meter and produces 4 ampere of electricity
in most effective way. The system is also useful for the health conscious work out purpose. The purpose of this technical
study is to increase the performance and output capacity of pedal powered grinding machine.
DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF CRITICAL PART OF A ROTARY TABLE USED IN HORIZONTAL...IAEME Publication
Growing industry demands low manufacturing cost, saving of material, low cost material, ease of transportation etc. This demand leads to use different type of material and various techniques to increase productivity.
DESIGN & FABRICATION OF MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE OIL EXTRACTOR ALENVARGHESE13
This project is based on review of various researches which has been worked carried out through the problems evolved in the design & fabrication of currently using oil extractors.
This project contributes to the problem evaluation of a small scale industry working in the area of oil extraction. The research fruit forward the manually operated portable oil extractor.
This could help the small scale industries working in these area to improve the life and function-ability of the unit which would in their term lead to low cost and more profit.
This will in turn decide the criteria of material selection and dimensional decisions.
Thus, the work contributes to reduction of running cost of an industry and sudden breakdowns occurring at the shop floor.
Design and Analysis of Universal Reaper Machineijtsrd
In today's scenario, many research's are been done in the agriculture field and there is also a wide scope for more advancement in the technology. So therefore our objective is to design and fabricate agricultural reaper machine which would be used for cutting various crops like wheat, rice, etc. The reaper machine is being designed to compensate the increasing demand of workers for harvesting of crops. The machine would cover a large area and will require a person for handling. The CAD model is being prepared in SOLIDWORKS 2018 considering AA 6063 tubes. In this machine 4 wheels are been used. And considering various loads and forces the analysis of the machine has been done. The FEA has been done on SOLIDWORKS 2018 Software. Sachin Kumar Sharma | Gautam Kumar | Saurabh Awasthi | Prashant | Vivek Tyagi | Vineet Pal | Saurabh "Design and Analysis of Universal Reaper Machine" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31590.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/31590/design-and-analysis-of-universal-reaper-machine/sachin-kumar-sharma
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
#vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore#blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #blackmagicforlove #blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #Amilbabainuk #amilbabainspain #amilbabaindubai #Amilbabainnorway #amilbabainkrachi #amilbabainlahore #amilbabaingujranwalan #amilbabainislamabad
Design and development of a Food Processing Machine
1. DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF
FOOD PROCEESING MACHINE
By
M. Siva Prasanth (15021D0403)
M.Tech (CAD/CAM)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
UCEK (A), JNTU - KAKINADA
Under the guidance of
Dr. D. Linga Raju
Assistant Professor
2. CONTENT
• Abstract
• Aim and Objectives
• Introduction
• Literature Review
• Methodology
• Working Procedure
• Applications
• Conclusion
• References
3. Abstract
In this present situation, people feeling very difficult to eat food outside due to less
hygienic conditions. Particularly in street edible stalls. Here we developed a food
processing machine. This machine prepares a food (breakfast and snacks) like
bajji, punugu…etc. The machine assembly includes sliding operation and worm
wheel mechanism. The machine comprises base stand and top stand. Here the
base stand includes stove and oil pan. The top stand includes circular base stand,
constant plate, batter bowl with gear and worm gear with handle…etc. Initially, a
constant plate is fixed to a circular base stand, whereby the circular base further
connected to a top stand and this complete setup is sliding on the base stand.
Here the top stand moving from one position to another position with the help of
pulling a handle. Further the batter bowl placed on top of an oil pan (looking like
cantilever beam) and the handle further attached to the front view of the top stand
with a bearing. The mechanism of the machine includes a worm gear teeth
connected to an outer side gear of the batter bowl, both gears are contacted by
worm wheel mechanism. It can use to rotate the batter bowl over the constant
plate in the horizontal direction to resulting in extruding dough or batter and to be
dipped into the oil pan. We developed a 3d model and simulation by using CATIA
V5 software and done analysis in Ansys 14.5 software. We fabricated the machine
and got good results. Within a short time get more food in a hygienic manner.
Key Words: Batter Bowl, Worm, Worm Gear, Handle, Worm wheel mechanism,
Burner, Constant Plate, Top Stand, Base Stand, Burner, Catia and Ansys.
4. Optimal Design
Generate Draft
Check the Possibility with respect to its Application
Generation of 3D Model in Catia V5
Simulation
Structural, Thermal and Modal Analysis in Ansys to
find out Natural Frequency and Mode shapes
Aim and Objective
5. Introduction
Bajjis are the most ordered food item in our
country. This food is mostly available in Indian
street edible stalls and restaurants....etc.
People feeling difficult to make bajji for breakfast
and snacks…etc. in a hygienic manner.
Ex: bajji, ulli bajji, punugu, pesara punugu…etc.
These kind of foods are not hygienic today. We
developed a machine to make the above foods in a
hygienic.
6. Literature Review
John H Schulz, William E Krause 1 US1444041A machine –
regulate – feeding of die - Doughnut- Extrusion process.
Lunsford Joseph 3 US2595865A hopper- Dough Cutter-
Series of Rollers- Dies- Different Shapes- Receiving –
Sheeting Dough- Fry.
Forsyth Galen E 5 US29668440 A Hopper- Funnel Shape-
dropped – hot oil- regular intervals- conveyor system- Turned
over – Rectangle Shaped oil pan- Delivered out.
Amos M. Fester 6 APP NO: 729089 Rectangular cooking
vessel – liquid cooking medium- tank include heating
element- varying volume requirement- propulsion pump – to
move the doughnut- extrusion.
7. B. Kayis and P.A. Iskander (Applied Ergonomics) 7 Designed
– 3d Model- it contains cuboids, sphere cylinder - properties
attached to the joints- evaluate the design.
H. M. A Hussein (Science Direct) 8 development - blanking
die design- drafting techniques – Catia V5- Desine completed.
Ahmad Zainal, Nur Rashid1, Mazlan1, Mohd Faruq1,
Muhammad Zahir1 Taufik1(IOSR-JMCE) 10 – Designed –
electrical car- Catia V5- structural analysis- apply load – find
deflection- Max stress and strain values.
D. R. Parhi, Manoj Kumar Muni and Chinmaya Sahu 14
(ICITSEM-2016)- analysis- cantilever beam- applied – find –
natural frequencies- mode shapes.
Pankaj P. Gohil1, And Salim A. Channiwala 19 performance
analysis - Conventional LPG cooking stove- find out- thermal
efficiency.
8. Studied Various Mechanisms for a
Suitable Application for Optimal
Design
Studied Type of materials to resist Loading and
Temperature Conditions
Initially Rough Sketch on paper, later Aid
Modeling and Simulation in Catia V5
Software
Did Structural and Modal
Analysis in Ansys Software
Methodolog
y
9. Components
Bowl
Plate
Gear
Pinion
Handle
Pedal
Fabrication of Supporting stand to keep batter
storage box
Gas heating stove along with Dosa pan and oil pan
Nuts and bolts
21. Stress/ Strain/
Deformation
With load and with
cantilever beam
(Max)
With load and
without cantilever
beam
(Max)
Total Deformation 0.09051 mm 0.093031 mm
Equivalent Elastic
Strain
3.229e^-5 mm 7.8613e^-5 mm
Equivalent Stress 5.7733 MPa 10.944 Mpa
Case 1
Case 2
Stress/ Strain/
Deformation
With load,
cantilever beam
and Temperature
(Max)
With load and
without cantilever
beam and
Temperature
(Max)
Total Deformation 0.53964 mm 0.48927 mm
Equivalent Elastic
Strain
0.012689 mm 0.012652 mm
Equivalent Stress 2458.3 MPa 2457.8 MPa
24. Conclusion
The project is an idea of how food processing technology has
developed to reduce the human affords to get a hygienic food
and how food processing machines are being replaced by a
conventional process. The idea implemented here is to get
more hygienic food with in a short period of time.
The main importance of this machine is to reduce the
human affords to get a hygienic food especially for Street
edible stalls. At the same time it requires less maintenance
which would increase the income as money spend on
maintenance and time will be saved.
Finally, we got the results of total deformation,
equivalent maximum stress and equivalent strain values in all
the cases from minimum to maximum like deformation
(0.093031-0.53964mm), Equivalent maximum stress
(2457.8-10.944 MPa), equivalent strain (0.000032- 0.012652
MPa). These values are negligible. We applied a patent (APP
NO: 201741014982). It is published in Indian patent official
journal (IPO INDIA). My design is successfully worked it out.
25. References
John H Schulz, William E Krause Machine for making doughnuts or other
bakery products US1444041A. Publication Date 1923-02-06. Grant Date 1923-
02-06.
Inventor: Joseph C Lunsford, Doughnut forming machine, US2595865A,
Publication date: 1952-05-06, Grant date: 1952-05-06.
Forsyth Galen E, Doughnut Making Machine, APP NO: US29668440 A,
Publication Date 1958-08-08.
Amos. M. Fester, Automatic Doughnut Making Machine, APP NO: 729089,
Grant Date: 1978-04-04.
B. Kayis, B.A. Iskander, A Three Dimension Human Model for the IBM/CATIA
system, Applied Ergonomics 1994 2(6) 395-397.
H.M.A Hussein, Computer Aided Blanking Die Design using CATIA,
International Conference on Manufacturing of Light Weight Components- Manu
light 2014, Elsevier publications, Science Direct. Procedia CIRP 18 ( 2014 ) 96
– 101
Ahmad Zainal Taufik1, Nur Rashid1, Mazlan1, Mohd Faruq1, Muhammad Zahir,
Electric car chassis design and analysis by using CATIA V5 R19, IOSR Journal
of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) e-ISSN: 2278-1684,p-ISSN:
2320-334X, Volume 11, Issue 4 Ver. III (Jul- Aug. 2014), PP 56-59.
D. R. Parhi, Manoj Kumar Muni And Chinmaya Sahu, DIAGNOSIS OF
CRACKS IN STRCTURES USING FEA ANALYSIS, International Science
Press: India, Vol. 4 • No. 1 • 2012 • ISSN: 0975-3176 • Pp. 27-42.
Pankaj P. Gohil1,* And Salim A. Channiwala, Experimental Investigation Of
Performance Of Conventional Lpg Cooking Stove, Fundamental J. Thermal
Science And Engineering, Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 25-34 Published Online
At Http://Www.Frdint.Com/
26. Drafting Modeling Simulation Analysis and
calculations are done successfully.
Applied utility patent rights at Chennai
Application no: 201741014982
Published in IPO journal
Patent Publication