describe two recent scientific research studies and it therapies involving stem cells. Explain what
the researches did(how the study was performed).the result and conclusion
Solution
Therapies for wound healing:
Wound healing is a dynamic process bleeding and coagulation, acute inflammation, cell
migration, proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, re-epithelialization, and synthesis and
remodeling of the extracellular matrix. Many local and systemic factors can impair wound
healing process resulting in prolonged and non-healing chronic wounds which affects the quality
of patients’life. Stem cell-based therapy represents a promising therapeutic approach for wound
healing. Stem cells have been shown to mobilize and find home for ischemic and wounded
tissues where they secrete chemokines and growth factors to promote angiogenesis and
extracellular matrix remodeling.
In wounds, It has been reported that Mesenchymal stem cells are recruited to wound skin at the
time of wound healing and have the capacity to differentiate into multiple skin cell types
including keratinocytes, endothelial cells and pericytes. Furthermore, circulating MSC
recruitment was induced by a specific chemokine (SLC/CCL21)/chemokine receptor (CCR7)
interaction both in vitro and in vivo. Intradermal injection of SLC/CCL21 significantly
accelerated wound closure by increasing rates of MSC accumulation, especially the formation of
endothelial transdifferentiated cells (Sasaki et al., 2008) . MSCs are good candidate which can be
transdifferentiated into endothelial cells and epithelial- fibroblast cells for wound repair therapy
and understanding there signaling mechanism can further help in regenerative medicine.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), referred as mesenchymal stromal cells , colony forming unit-
fibroblasts and mesenchymal progenitor cells , were first identified by Friedenstein as
subpopulation of bone marrow cells. Other than hemopoietic stem cells and differentiated
lineages, bone marrow contains a subset of nonhemopoietic cells, mesenchymal stem cells
(MSCs) that account for roughly 0.01–0.001% of the bone marrow derived cell population .
These are a rare population of non-hematopoietic stromal cells, present in the bone marrow and
most connective tissues of the body.They have capability to proliferate in vitro in uncommitted
state and retain their multilineage differentiation potency which make them attractive candidates
for biological cell-based tissue repair approaches. These cells have ability to differentiate into
three mesenchymal lineages: adipogenic , osteogenic, chondrogenic and can be induced to
commit to various other phenotypes like neurogenic, hepatocytes,myogenic, tenocytes,
cardiomyocytes, fibroblast and endothelial cells. In vivo studies have also shown that MSCs can
differentiate into tissue-specific cells in response to cues provided by different organs . In
addition to pluripotency, MSCs are known to have immunosuppressive effects involving vari.
describe two recent scientific research studies and it therapies inv.pdf
1. describe two recent scientific research studies and it therapies involving stem cells. Explain what
the researches did(how the study was performed).the result and conclusion
Solution
Therapies for wound healing:
Wound healing is a dynamic process bleeding and coagulation, acute inflammation, cell
migration, proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, re-epithelialization, and synthesis and
remodeling of the extracellular matrix. Many local and systemic factors can impair wound
healing process resulting in prolonged and non-healing chronic wounds which affects the quality
of patients’life. Stem cell-based therapy represents a promising therapeutic approach for wound
healing. Stem cells have been shown to mobilize and find home for ischemic and wounded
tissues where they secrete chemokines and growth factors to promote angiogenesis and
extracellular matrix remodeling.
In wounds, It has been reported that Mesenchymal stem cells are recruited to wound skin at the
time of wound healing and have the capacity to differentiate into multiple skin cell types
including keratinocytes, endothelial cells and pericytes. Furthermore, circulating MSC
recruitment was induced by a specific chemokine (SLC/CCL21)/chemokine receptor (CCR7)
interaction both in vitro and in vivo. Intradermal injection of SLC/CCL21 significantly
accelerated wound closure by increasing rates of MSC accumulation, especially the formation of
endothelial transdifferentiated cells (Sasaki et al., 2008) . MSCs are good candidate which can be
transdifferentiated into endothelial cells and epithelial- fibroblast cells for wound repair therapy
and understanding there signaling mechanism can further help in regenerative medicine.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), referred as mesenchymal stromal cells , colony forming unit-
fibroblasts and mesenchymal progenitor cells , were first identified by Friedenstein as
subpopulation of bone marrow cells. Other than hemopoietic stem cells and differentiated
lineages, bone marrow contains a subset of nonhemopoietic cells, mesenchymal stem cells
(MSCs) that account for roughly 0.01–0.001% of the bone marrow derived cell population .
These are a rare population of non-hematopoietic stromal cells, present in the bone marrow and
most connective tissues of the body.They have capability to proliferate in vitro in uncommitted
state and retain their multilineage differentiation potency which make them attractive candidates
for biological cell-based tissue repair approaches. These cells have ability to differentiate into
three mesenchymal lineages: adipogenic , osteogenic, chondrogenic and can be induced to
commit to various other phenotypes like neurogenic, hepatocytes,myogenic, tenocytes,
cardiomyocytes, fibroblast and endothelial cells. In vivo studies have also shown that MSCs can
2. differentiate into tissue-specific cells in response to cues provided by different organs . In
addition to pluripotency, MSCs are known to have immunosuppressive effects involving various
mechanisms, resulting in evading the allogeneic host immunosurveillance system(4). Recent
studies have suggested that MSCs are promising candidates for cell-based tissue engineering, to
repair or replace important damaged tissues (1) such as after myocardial
infarction(2),craniosynostosis, liver damage, spinal injury(3),etc. But there are evidences that
these cells lost their immune privilege following differentiation, became susceptible to leucocyte
cytotoxicity, and were eventually rejected,especially in myocardiac infarction.
