Describe a typical monitoring and control process in project management. Which parameters in project management would you monitor continuously? Also, discuss how project managers can monitor project risks. Solution Project management is a process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling resources, procedures and protocols to achieve set goals in a systematic manner. It is generally designed to produce a product, service or a result with a specified time period. A typical monitoring and controlling process oversees all the tasks and methods necessary to ensure that the ongoing project is within scope, on time, and within the gievn budget so that the project can proceed with minimal risk. This activity and process involves comparing actual performance with planned performance and taking corrective action to yield the desired outcome when significant differences exist. It is a continous process performed throughout the life of the project to observe its smooth execution so that any potential problems can be identified in a timely manner and corrective action can be taken, when necessary. The key benefit is that project performance is observed and measured regularly to identify variances from the project management plan. Key tasks involved are:- Scope Verification and Change Control,Cost Control,Quality Check,Performance Reporting,Risk Management,Contract Administration,Complete Monitoring and Controlling Phase Review. The most importants parameters in project management that needs to be monitored continously are :- Time/Progress, Budget and Scope, There are additional things, such as Key Performance Indicators, that one might want to monitor throughout the project. Risk is inevitable in a business organization when undertaking projects which can be monitored continously during the monitoring and control process of project management. However, the project manager needs to ensure that risks are kept to a minimal. Risks can be positive or negative. Typically we focus on negative risks, and these are the ones that are likely to result in project failure .Once the risk has been identified, the project manager need to come up with a mitigation plan or any other solution to counter attack the risk. Managers can plan their strategy based on four steps of risk management which prevails in an organization. Following are the steps to manage risks effectively in an organization: Risk Identification Qualitative Analysis Quantitative Analysis Risk Response Risk Monitoring and Control All these steps can be laid down in a Risk register which will track the management of risks, both threats and opportunities, through the project lifecycle..