5. SOURCE NOTING ǁ NOTES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
-used for third-party materials such as news and journal articles, tables,
graphs, and illustrations
For styling purposes, source notes should be one 1 point
smaller than the regular text, should be flushed right, and
should be in regular font except for italicized titles for books
and long works following the DepEd Stylebook (Please refer to
DepEd Stylebook Version 2017). The word “source” should be
written in bold face.
*source note refers to the note immediately following the third-party material
being used in the presentation.
7. Source Note Style
1. Author, title of work, and fact of publication, are written in that order.
2. Elements are separated by commas; the facts of publication are enclosed in parentheses.
3. Author’s names are presented in standard order first name first.
4. Titles are capitalized headline-style. Capitalize the first and last words in titles and subtitles,
and capitalize all other major words.
5. Titles of larger works are italicized; titles of smaller works or unpublished works are
presented in roman and enclosed in quotation marks.
6. Such terms as editor/edited by, translator/translated by, volume, and edition are abbreviated.
7. Only the page number/s where the material or passage was sourced from will be provided on
the notes.
8. Source Notes in Images
1. Creator, name of work, and fact of publication, in that order.
2. Every image should have a title or name. In cases where the title is not explicitly stated,
Untitled or a descriptive title should be written.
3. If the image is owned by the single author of a book or publication, there is no need to include
a source note. If there are more than one authors, a shortened note should be written.
4. For layout purposes, the source note may be written on the left side of an image.
5. If the image includes a caption, the source note should immediately follow, enclosed in
parentheses .
6. There is no longer a need for bibliographic entry if fact of publication is complete.
9. Books
With One Author
First Name Middle Initial Last Name, Title of Book, Publisher City:
Publisher, Year of Publication, page numbers.
Source: Jom C. Alda, Writings of the Children of Lam-ang, Marikina:
Brains Pub, 2015, 56-64.
10. Books
With Two Authors
First Name Middle Initial Last Name and First Name Middle
Initial Last Name, Title of Book, Publisher City: Publisher, Year
of Publication, page numbers.
Source: Jom C. Alda and Rone Ray M. Portacion, Dialogues,
Atop the Cinnamon Tree, Taipei: One Chin Corp, 2013, 78.
11. Books
With Three Authors
First Name Middle Initial Last Name, First Name Middle Initial Last
Name, and First Name Middle Initial Last Name, Title of Book, Publisher
City: Publisher, Year of Publication, page numbers.
Source: Herminio Jose C. Catud, Dinnah A. Bañares, and Renata G.
Rovillos, Apples, Pomegranate, Lemons and the Filipino Element of
Neopolitics, Pasig: Clocks Inc., 2009, 87-90.
12. Books
With Four Authors
First Name Middle Initial Last Name of first author et. al., Title
of Book, Publisher city: Publisher, Year of Publication, page
numbers.
Source: Rone Ray M. Portacion et. al, The Backpackers’ Guide
to Central Philippines, Bacoor: Echopollo Prints, 2012, 13-17.
13. Books
With Editor, in place of Author
First Name Middle Initial Last Name, ed., Title of Book,
Publisher City: Publisher, Year of Publication, page numbers.
Source: Jom C. Alda, ed., Writings of the Children of Lam-ang,
Marikina: Brains Pub, 2015, 56-64.
Note: Use eds if more than one authors are listed. Use trans
for translator, and comp for compiler, after the name.
14. Books
With Author and Editor
First Name Middle Initial Last Name, Title of Book, ed. First
Name Middle Initial and Last Name, Publisher City: Publisher,
Year of Publication page numbers.
Source: Jom C. Alda, Writings of the Children of Lam-ang, ed.
Rone Ray M. Portacion, Marikina: Brains Pub, 2015, 56-64.
15. Books
With Author and Translator
First Name Middle Initial Last Name, Title of Book, trans. First
Name Middle Initial and Last Name Publisher, City: Publisher,
Year of Publication page numbers.
Source: Jom C. Alda, Writings of the Children of Lam-ang,
trans. Teresita E. Helgason, Marikina: Brains Pub, 2015 56-64.
16. Books
Preface, foreword, introduction or similar part of a book
First Name Middle Initial Last Name, introduction to Title of
Book, Publisher City: Publisher, Year of Publication, page
numbers
Source: Teresita E. Helgason, introduction to Writings of the
Children of Lam-ang, Marikina: Brains Pub, 2015, 56-64.
17. Articles
For multiple authors and for editors and translators, same
sequence applies:
First Name Middle Initial Last Name. Use et. al. after the
first of at least four authors.
18. Articles
Article in a print journal
First Name Middle Initial Last Name, “Title of Article,” Name
of Journal Volume Year of Publication: page numbers used.
Source: Jom Alda, “Ivatan Mythology Amidst Changes,”
Northern Chronicles 2012, 88.
19. Articles
Article in a newspaper or popular magazine
First Name Middle Initial Last Name, “Title of Article,” Name
of Magazine, Date of Publication, pages used.
Source: Rone Ray M. Portacion, “Academic Honesty in the
Basic Education,” Green Torch, January 16, 2016, E45.
20. Articles
Book review
First Name Middle Initial Last Name, “Title of Review,” review
of Title of Book, by Author, Name of Magazine, Date of
Publication.
Source: Jom C. Alda, “Framing the Filipino Family,” review of
Sociological Foundation of Oriental Culture, by Raymund L.
Santiago, Sunday Magazine, May 7, 2003.
21. Academic Papers
Thesis or Dissertation
First Name Middle Initial Last Name, “Title of Thesis or Dissertation,” master’s
thesis OR PhD diss., Name of School, Year of Submission.
Source: Jom C. Alda, “Laying the Ground for Filipino Academic Honesty: A Study on
Plagiarism,” master’s thesis, De La Salle University Dasmariñas, 2017.
Source: Rone Ray M. Portacion, “Into the Psyche of Intellectual Honesty: A Closer
Look at Cultural and Psychological Foundation of Academic Dishonesty,” PhD diss.,
Ateneo De Manila University, 2019.
22. Academic Papers
Paper presented at a meeting or conference
First Name Middle Initial Last Name, “Title of Paper,” paper presented at the
Name of Event, Venue of Event, Date of Event.
Source: Jom C. Alda, “Laying the Ground for Filipino Academic Honesty: A
Study on Plagiarism and Cheating,” paper presented at the Southeast Asian
Intellectual Property Standard Forum, Bangkok, Thailand, August 17, 2018.
23. Electronic Resources
Uniform resource locators (URL) and digital object identifiers (DOI) are two locating
addresses on computer networks and databases. Either of these two is important
in citing references, with the purpose to lead readers to the original source through
web links. However, it is not enough to provide the URL alone, as the web link
might expire or the source might have moved to a different URL. It is still
recommended to cite the full facts of publication.
URL
DOI
24. Electronic Resources
Books Published Electronically
First Name Middle Initial Last Name, Title of Book, Publisher City: Publisher,
Year of Publication, electronic version. Include URL if consulted online.
Source: Teresita E. Helgason, Ed. D., Writings of the Children of Lam-ang,
Marikina: Brains Pub, 2015, Kindle version.
Source: Dinnah A. Bañares, Writings of the Children of Lam-ang, Marikina:
Brains Pub, 2015, http://echopollo.edu.ph/ilocandia/writings
25. Electronic Resources
Journal Article in an Online Journal
First Name Middle Initial Last Name, “Title of article,” Name of Journal Volume Year
of Publication: page number, accessed Access Date, doi: DOI number OR URL
address
Source: Teresita E. Helgason, Ed. D. and Jom C. Alda, “The Lady of Magat River,”
Ilocandia Myth Researches 115 2011: 46-48, accessed May 7, 2008,
doi:10.1037/rmh000007
Source: Herminio Jose C. Catud and Jom C. Alda, “The Lady of Magat River,”
Ilocandia Myth Researches 115 2011: 46-48, accessed May 7, 2008,
http://echopollo.hub.com/article.list/educ.ilocos
26. Electronic Resources
Website
“Title of Material,” Name of Website Owner, last modified Date of Modification OR
accessed Date of Access, URL Address.
Source: “Call for Entries to the National Competition on Storybook Writing,”
Department of Education, last modified August 15, 2017,
www.deped.gov.ph/publications.
Source: “Call for Entries to the National Competition on Storybook Writing,”
Department of Education, accessed August 15, 2017,
www.deped.gov.ph/publications.
27. Electronic Resources
Photographs and Images
First Name Middle Initial Last Name, “Title of Image,” Title of Blog, Date
of Posting, URL Address.
Source: Renata G. Rovillos, “More than a Thousand Choices of
Chocolate,” The Clumsy Ninja Travelogue, January 7, 2011,
www.ninjatravels.wordpress.com/clumsytravels/bohol.
28. Photographs or Images
In Museum or Gallery
First Name Middle Initial Last Name, Title of Image, Medium if
appropriate, Size of work if appropriate, Date Created,
Collection Title, Museum/Institution, Location.
Source: Rone Ray M. Portacion, The Immobile Batmobile, oil in
canvas, March 2005, Child Superheroes, Big Bang Museum,
Chile.
29. Photographs or Images
In Print
First Name Middle Initial Last Name, Title of Image, in Title of
Print Material, Publishing City: Publisher, Date Published.
Source: Dinnah A. Bañares, The Immobile Batmobile, in
Inspirations of Comicon, San Diego: Comic-con Prints, July
2007.
30. Photographs or Images
Free Royalty Images from the Internet
First Name Middle Initial Last Name, Title of Image, Free
Royalty. Source.
Source: Jom Alda, Alligators, Free Royalty. www.clker.com.
31. Photographs or Images
Creative Commons Images
Name of Creator, Title of Image, URL Address. Copyright information.
Jejomar Alda, Free Thinking Athlete, www.freephotos.com/stopper.
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Generic.
Note: A photo is licensed under Creative Commons if a CC logo is located in its source
line. Write down the exact license information of the image, as there are a number of
licenses with varying degree of restrictions.
33. Books
With One Author
Last Name, First Name Middle Initial. Title of Book. Publisher
City: Publisher, Year of Publication.
Alda, Jom C. Writings of the Children of Lam-ang. Marikina:
Brains Pub, 2015.
34. Books
With Two Authors
Last Name, First Name and Middle Initial and First Name Middle Initial
Last Name. Title of Book. Publisher City: Publisher, Year of Publication.
Alda, Jom C. and Rone Ray M. Portacion. Dialogues, Atop the Cinnamon
Tree. Taipei: One Chin Corp, 2013.
35. Books
With Three Authors
Last Name, First Name Middle Initial, First Name Middle Initial Last
Name, and First Name Middle Initial Last Name. Title of Book. Publisher
City: Publisher, Year of Publication.
Alda, Jom C., Rone Ray M. Portacion, and Teresita E. Helgason, Ed. D..
Apples, Pomegranates, Lemons and the Filipino Element of Neopolitics.
Pasig: Clocks Inc., 2009.
36. Books
More than Three Authors
Last Name, First Name Middle Initial. et. al. Title of Book. Publisher City:
Publisher, Year of Publication.
Alda, Jom C. et. Al. Apples, Pomegranates, Lemons and the Filipino
Element of Neopolitics. Pasig: Clocks Inc., 2009.
37. Books
With Editor in Place of Author
Last Name, First Name Middle Initial, ed. Title of Book. Publisher City:
Publisher, Year of Publication.
Alda, Jom C. ed. Writings of the Children of Lam-ang. Marikina: Brains
Pub, 2015.
Note: Use eds if more than one authors are listed.
38. Books
With Author and Editor
Last Name, First Name Middle Initial. Title of Book. edited by First
Name Middle Initial and Last Name. Publisher City: Publisher, Year of
Publication.
Alda, Jom C. Writings of the Children of Lam-ang, edited by Rone Ray
M. Portacion. Marikina: Brains Pub, 2015.
39. Books
With Author and Translator
Last Name, First Name Middle Initial. Title of Book. translated by First
Name Middle Initial and Last Name. Publisher City: Publisher, Year of
Publication.
Alda, Jom C. Writings of the Children of Lam-ang, translated by Teresita
E. Helgason, Ed. D.. Marikina: Brains Pub, 2015.
40. Books
Preface, foreword, introduction or similar part of a book
Last Name, First Name Middle Initial. introduction to Title of Book.
Publisher City: Publisher, Year of Publication.
Fruza, Evelyn C., Ph. D., Introduction to Writings of the Children of
Lam-ang. Marikina: Brains Pub, 2015.
41. Articles
Article in a Print Journal
Last Name, First Name Middle Initial. “Title of Article,” Name of Journal
Volume Year of Publication: coverage of the article.
Alda, Jom C. “Ivatan Mythology Amidst Changes.” Northern Chronicles
2012, 87-125.
42. Articles
Article in a Newspaper or Popular Magazine
Last Name, First Name Middle Initial. “Title of Article.” Name of
Magazine, Date of Publication.
Ortiz, Lilibeth G.. “Academic Honesty in the Basic Education.” Green
Torch, January 16, 2016.
43. Articles
Book Review
Last Name, First Name Middle Initial. “Title of Review.” Review of Title
of Book, by Author, Name of Magazine, Date of Publication.
Alda, Jom C. “Framing the Filipino Family.” Review of Sociological
Foundation of Oriental Culture, by Raymund L. Santiago, Sunday
Magazine, May 7, 2003.
44. Academic Papers
Thesis or Dissertation
Last Name, First Name Middle Initial. “Title of Thesis or Dissertation.” Master’s
thesis OR PhD diss., Name of School, Year of Submission.
Alda, Jom C. “Laying the Ground for Filipino Academic Honesty: A Study on
Plagiarism.” Master’s thesis, De La Salle University Dasmariñas, 2017.
Ortiz, Lilibeth G.. “Into the Psyche of Intellectual Honesty: A Closer Look at Cultural
and Psychological Foundation of Academic Dishonesty.” PhD diss., Ateneo De
Manila University, 2019.
45. Academic Papers
Paper Presented at a Meeting or Conference
Last Name, First Name Middle Initial. “Title of Paper” Paper presented
at the Name of Event, Venue of Event, Date of Event.
Alda, Jom C. “Laying the Ground for Filipino Academic Honesty: A Study
on Plagiarism and Cheating,” Paper presented at the Southeast Asian
Intellectual Property Standard Forum, Bangkok, Thailand, August 17,
2018.
46. Electronic Resources
Books Published Electronically
Last Name, First Name Middle Initial. Title of Book. Publisher City:
Publisher, Year of Publication. electronic version. include URL if
consulted online.
Fruza, Evelyn C., Ph. D. Writings of the Children of Lam-ang. Marikina:
Brains Pub, 2015. Kindle version.
Rovillos, Renata G., Writings of the Children of Lam-ang. Marikina:
Brains Pub, 2015. http://echopollo.edu.ph/ilocandia/writings.
47. Electronic Resources
Journal Article in an Online Journal
Last Name, First Name Middle Initial. “Title of Article.” Name of Journal Volume
Year of Publication: page coverage. Accessed Access Date. doi: DOI number OR URL
address.
Catud, Herminio Jose C. and Jom C. Alda. “The Lady of Magat River.” Ilocandia Myth
Researches 115 2011: 46-53. Accessed May 7, 2008. doi:10.1037/rmh000007
Labad, Evelyn C. and Jom C. Alda. “The Lady of Magat River.” Ilocandia Myth
Researches 115 2011: 46-53. Accessed May 7, 2008.
http://echopollo.hub.com/article.list/educ.ilocos.
48. Electronic Resources
Website Content
Name of Website Owner. “Title of Content.” Last modified Date of Modification OR
Date Accessed. URL Address.
Department of Education. “Call for Entries to the National Competition on Storybook
Writing.” Last modified August 15, 2017. www.deped.gov.ph/publications.
Department of Education. “Call for Entries to the National Competition on Storybook
Writing” Accessed August 15, 2017. www.deped.gov.ph/publications.
49. Electronic Resources
Photographs and Images
Last Name, First Name Middle Initial. “Title of Image.” Title of Blog, Date
of Posting, URL Address.
Bañares, Dinnah A., “More than a Thousand Choices of Chocolate.” The
Clumsy Ninja Travelogue. January 7, 2011.
www.ninjatravels.wordpress.com/clumsytravels/bohol.
50. Photographs or Images
In Museum or Gallery
Last Name, First Name Middle Initial. Title of Image, Medium if
appropriate. Size of work if appropriate, Date Created. Collection Title.
Museum/Institution, Location.
Ortiz, Lilibeth G.. The Immobile Batmobile. oil in canvas. March 2005.
Child Superheroes. Big Bang Museum, Chile.
51. Photographs or Images
In Print
Last Name, First Name Middle Initial. Title of Image. Printed in Title of
Print Material. Publishing City: Publisher, Date Published.
Ortiz, Lilibeth G.. The Immobile Batmobile. Printed in Inspirations of
Comicon. San Diego: Comic-con Prints, July 2007.
52. Reference:
“The Department of Education Manual of Style,” Department of
Education, accessed July 26, 2020, https://www.deped.gov.ph/wp-
content/uploads/2019/10/DO_s2019_030-2.pdf.
