Dengue fever, also know as breakbone fever, is an acute communicable disease caused by virus. Infectious agent: Dengue viruses (categorize into types 1,2,3,4)

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2. What is Dengue Fever?
• Dengue fever, also know as
breakbone fever, is an acute
communicable disease caused by
virus.
• Infectious agent: Dengue viruses
(categorize into types 1,2,3,4)
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3. Vectors of Dengue Fever
• Aedes aegypti
• Aedes albopictus
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4. Habitual Behaviour of
Aedes Albopictus (1)
• Usually breed in stagnant water
• Usually active in dark or shaded
places outdoors, but indoor activity is
also possible
• Eggs of Aedes aegypti can live
without water for more then one
year
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5. Habitual Behaviour of
Aedes Albopictus (2)
• Female mosquitoes feed on human blood.
• They are most active 2 hours before sunset
(around 5pm to 6pm) and at around 8am to
9am.
• Where do they sting?
Outdoors and indoors.
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6. How long eggs of Aedes takes to
become adult Mosquito?
• Dengue vector takes one week to become
adult from egg.
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7. What is the average life span of
an adult Aedes?
• The life span for adult mosquitoes is around
three weeks.
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8. Dengue cases this year
• India: Approx 15000 cases and 30 deaths
• Punjab:Approx 50 cases and 0 deaths
• Government data, cases will be much more
as some cases not notified
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9. Transmission
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Infected
person
Healthy person
Infected
mosquito
Incubation Period: 3 to 14 days
Most commonly 4 to 7 days

10. PERIOD OF
COMMUNICABILITY
• Infected person with Dengue becomes
infective to mosquitoes 6 to 12 hours before
the onset of the disease and remains so upto
3 to 5 days.
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Types
Classical
dengue
Dengue
haemorrhagic
fever

12. Symptoms of
Classical Dengue (1)
• Fever: continuous for 3 to 5 days
• Severe headache
• Painful limbs, joint pain, muscle
pain, back pain, pain behind
eyeballs
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13. Symptoms of
Classical Dengue (2)
•Rash appears on the 3rd to 4th day after onset.
•Nausea, vomiting.
•Slight gum bleeding and nasal bleeding.
•Extreme fatigue and depression may follow
recovery.
• In very rare cases, the condition may worsen
into dengue haemorrhagic fever, leading to
haemorrhage, shock or even death.
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14. Treatment (1)
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• At present, there is no drug that
can treat dengue fever effectively.
Patients infected with classical
dengue usually recovers in 1 to 2
weeks.
• For serious cases, supportive
treatments are provided by
hospitals.
• If you suspect that you have
dengue fever, you should seek
medical treatment promptly.

15. Treatment (2)
• Wiping the body with warm
water and proper use of
anti-fever drugs that can
relieve the fever.
• Don’t take aspirin-
containing drugs because
they worsen the
haemorrhage.
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16. Protect Yourself against
Dengue Fever
As yet, there is no effective vaccine against
dengue fever. Therefore, the best prevention is
to avoid being bitten by mosquitoes by paying
attention to the following:
•Avoid staying in dark, outdoor places such as
brushwood, pavilions or the shade of a tree
during the hours when Aedes albopictus is
active.
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17. Control the Spread of
Dengue Fever
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Prevent the patient from being
bitten by mosquitoes.

18. Prevention of
Mosquito Bites
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Avoid going out in the hours
when Aedes albopictus feed
or wear light-coloured,
long-sleeved clothing and
trousers.

19. Prevention of
Mosquito Bites
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•Apply DEET-containing
mosquito-repellents
over exposed parts of
the body and clothes
every 4 to 6 hours.
•For DEET products
used by children, its
concentration should
be less than 10%.

20. Prevention of
Mosquito Bites
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Your place of
accommodation should
have air-conditioners or
mosquito nets. Otherwise,
hang mosquito screens
around your bed, use
insecticides or coil
incenses to repel
mosquitoes.

21. Prevention of
Mosquito Bites
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Install mosquito nets
to doors and windows
so that mosquitoes
can’t get in.

22. Elimination of Mosquitoes
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The most effective way
to eliminate mosquitoes
is to
keep the environment
clean and to remove
stagnant water so that
mosquitoes can’t breed.

23. Possible Breeding Grounds of
Aedes Albopictus (1)
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Artificial containers:
Vases, saucers underneath flower pots,
trays underneath air-conditioners,
buckets, jars and jugs of earthenware,
cement troughs, dumped tyres and
solid wastes such as cans, disposable
cups and bowls, and plastic bags.

24. Possible Breeding Grounds of
Aedes Albopictus (2)
Natural containers:
The hollow space inside a bamboo,
hollows of a tree and the rachis of a
leaf.
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25. Elimination of Mosquitoes
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Cover water containers
tightly so that
mosquitoes can’t get in
to lay eggs.

26. Elimination of Mosquitoes
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• Dispose of domestic
wastes properly to
prevent the
accumulation of
stagnant water.
• Dispose of empty bottles,
cans and lunchboxes
properly, such as into a
covered bin.

27. Elimination of Mosquitoes
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•Change water for vases
and aquatic plants at
least once a week,
leaving no water under
the pots or in the
bottom saucers.
•Scrub the container
surfaces thoroughly to
prevent mosquito eggs
sticking on them.

28. Elimination of Mosquitoes
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Remove or puncture any
dumped tyres to prevent
the accumulation of
stagnant water.

29. Elimination of Mosquitoes
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Ditches should be free from blockage.

30. Elimination of Mosquitoes
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Fill up uneven ground surfaces to prevent the
accumulation of stagnant water.

31. Elimination of Mosquitoes
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Remove stagnant
water immediately if
mosquitoes are found
to be breeding. Use
environmentally
friendly insecticides
such as lavicidal oil if
necessary.

32. Elimination of Mosquitoes
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In cultivation ponds,
water tanks or large
containers, biological
controls such as
keeping fishes to eat
mosquito larvae
would be a good
option.

33. See Doctor Immediately
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•Having been bitten by
a mosquito and
displaying symptoms
of dengue fever
afterwards
•Falling ill, especially
having a fever within
one month after you
have returned from
abroad

34. If you suspect that you have
dengue fever, the most
important thing to do is to
see a doctor.
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35. Let’s remove stagnant water
and eliminate mosquitoes
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