This document discusses demonstrative pronouns - this, that, these, those. It explains that these pronouns are used to show relative distance between the speaker and a noun. "This" and "these" refer to things close to the speaker, while "that" and "those" refer to things farther away. Examples are given to illustrate how the pronouns are used singularly and plurally and how the verb changes accordingly. The document also notes some additional uses of demonstrative pronouns, such as by themselves or to refer to present versus past actions.

1. Demonstrative
pronouns
JULIA NAVARRO GUTIÉRREZ

2. Demonstrative pronouns
• This, That, These, Those are called demonstratives and they are used to
show the relative distance between the speaker and the noun.
Use this (singular) and these (plural) to talk about things close to us
Use that (singular) and those (plural) to talk about things at some
distance away from us.

3. CLOSE TO US AWAY FROM US
SINGULAR
THIS THAT
PLURAL THESE THOSE

4. • Examples:
This is my cat (singular)
These are my children (plural)
That is our car (singular)
Those are my shoes (plural)
• Note that the verb changes (singular / plural) depending on the pronoun
that you use

5. This/These = HERE
That/Those = THERE
• You can also use Demonstrative Pronouns by themselves:
 Did you do that?
 I’d like to buy those
 Which of these would you like?

6. Present vs. Past
• If an action is near in time we tend to use this / these.
If an action has finished or is in the past we use that / those.
• Examples:
 This is a good film. (we're watching it now)
 That was a good film. (we saw it at some time in the past)

7. Introducing people
• This is
• Use ‘this’ to introduce one person to another one. The expression this is is
commonly used when you talk on the phone or you introduce people.
• Examples:
 Hello, this is Peter.
 Carol, this is my friend Simon. Simon, this is Carol.

8. You’re doing a great job!